绣按病自内成。则七情固为致病之根。病自外成。则六淫更为致病之由。凡人衣被不慎。
寒
暑不谨。则六淫俱能致害。而症见有肌肤灼热。身痛骨痛。并或类于内伤。而致症见体瘦骨
蒸。神昏气倦。痞满不食。苟以补剂混投。则邪得补愈炽。况邪袭人肌肤。始虽及于经络。
终则深入脏腑。症类异形。流派百出。非不从一体会。则病根底莫晓。是篇统论药性。既以
脏腑主治诸药冠列篇首。复以六淫主治诸药并气血等药。纵横胪列。载于篇末。俾令药性通
达。而无临症岐亡之弊云。
经曰。风为百病长。其变无常。非无常也。实以风随四时之气而乃变耳。喻嘉言曰。风
在冬
为发之寒风。在春为调畅之温风。在夏为南薰之热风。在秋为凄其之凉风。则知风随时易
。其变靡定。是以风在于肝。其风为热。风在于脾于肾。其风为寒为湿。风在于胃于肺。其
风为燥。风在于脾于肝。其风为痰为湿。随其脏腑气候以分。则风愈变愈多而莫测矣！考古
有言风在于肝。（肝风。）宜用荆芥钩藤蛇蜕蒺藜蝉蜕全蝎浮萍虎骨蜈蚣 草海桐皮木贼蕤
仁决明子芎 南星天麻芜荑薄荷五加皮僵蚕以治。风在于脾。（脾风。）宜用萆 以治。风在
于肾。宜用独活蛇床子巴戟淫羊藿附子细辛以治。风在于胃。宜用白附蜗牛以治。风在于肺
。（肺风。）宜用甘菊葳蕤辛夷牛子杏仁白前以治。风在经络关窍。（经络风。）宜用白花蛇麝
香皂角山甲茵芋苏合香樟脑蓖麻子以治。风在膀胱。（膀胱经风。）宜用 本羌活以治。风在
肝肾。（肝肾风。）宜用白花蛇石南藤川乌附桑寄生狗脊以治。风在肝脾。（肝脾风。）宜用苍
耳子炉甘石秦艽以治。风在肺胃。（肺胃风。）宜用五倍子百药煎以治。风在于卫。（肌表风
。）宜用桂枝以治。（经曰。以辛散之。）此治风之有分其经络脏腑之异也。至于风以寒见。（
寒风。）其药则有杏仁淫羊藿之类。风以热见。（热风。）其药则有辛夷木贼蕤仁冰片决明子
炉甘石牛蒡子青葙子之类。风以湿见。（湿风。）其药则有羌活独活葳蕤桑寄生蛇床子巴戟狗
脊白芷松脂茵芋苍耳子 草五倍子百药煎萆 灵仙海桐皮秦艽防风之类。风与痰见。（风
痰。）其药则有南星皂角乌尖附白芥子白附天麻白前之类。风与湿热皆见。其药则有芜荑蜗
牛之类。风与热气并见。其药则有薄荷之类。（经曰。风淫于内。治以辛凉。）风与寒湿并
见。其药则有五加皮天雄蔓荆子僵蚕细辛之类。但风性急莫御。用辛宜以甘制。（经曰。以
甘缓之。）且此止属论药大概。至其临症施治。则又在人心通化裁。而不为药所拘。是真得
乎用药之妙法矣！
经曰。风淫于内。治以辛凉。佐以苦甘。以甘缓之。以辛散之。（风属木。辛属金。金
能胜
木。故治以辛凉。过辛恐伤真气。故佐以苦甘。苦胜辛。甘益气也。木性急。故以甘缓之。
木喜条达。故以辛散之。）五运。（厥阴司天。巳亥。厥阴在泉。寅申。）
〔祛风〕
荆芥（肝） 钩藤（肝） 蛇蜕（肝） 蒺藜（肝） 蝉蜕（肝） 浮萍（肝） 全蝎
（肝）
王不留行（
肝） 虎骨（肝） 蜈蚣（肝） 白花蛇（肝肾） 川乌附（肝肾） 石南藤（肝肾） 甘
菊（肺肾）
蒿本（膀胱） 桂枝（卫）
〔祛风湿〕
海桐皮（肝） 草（肝） 苍耳子（肝脾） 松脂（肝脾） 桑寄生（肝肾） 狗
脊
（肝肾） 巴戟天（肾） 独活（肾） 侧附子（肾） 蛇床子（肾） 葳蕤（肺） 白芷
（胃） 萆 （
胃） 百药煎（肺胃） 五倍子（肺胃） 秦艽（肝胃） 防风（膀胱胃） 羌活（膀胱肝）
茵芋（关
节） 威灵仙（十二经）
〔祛风热〕
辛夷（肺） 牛蒡子（肺） 木贼（肝胆） 决明子（肝） 蕤仁 冰片（骨髓） 炉
甘石（肝脾）
〔祛风寒〕
杏仁（肺） 淫羊藿（肾）
〔祛风气〕
芎 （肝） 麝香（关窍）
〔祛风痰〕
南星（肝） 天麻（肝） 白前（肺） 白附子（胃） 皂角（肝肺大肠） 白芥子（胁）
〔祛风热湿〕
芜荑（肝） 蜗牛（经络肠胃）
〔祛风热气〕
薄荷（肝）
〔祛风寒湿〕
细辛（肾） 天雄（肾） 五加皮（肝肾） 僵蚕（肝肺胃） 蚕沙（肝肺胃） 蔓荆
子（筋骨头面）
〔通关诸药〕
皂角 山甲 蜈蚣 白花蛇 茵芋 苏合香 樟脑 细辛 蓖麻子 麝香
冰片 全蝎 川乌附
Huang Gongxiu notes: Diseases arising from within, the Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Thought, Sorrow, Fear, Fright) are indeed the root of pathology; diseases arising from without, the Six Excesses (Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire - six external pathogenic factors) are even more the cause of pathology. Whenever people dress improperly or fail to be cautious regarding cold and heat, all Six Excesses can cause harm. Symptoms may present as burning skin, body pain, bone pain, or resemble internal injury, leading to emaciation, steaming bone sensation, mental confusion, fatigue, chest and epigastric fullness, and anorexia. If tonifying agents are indiscriminately administered, the pathogenic factor will become more intense due to the tonification. Moreover, when pathogens invade the skin and muscles, although they initially affect the meridians, they eventually penetrate deeply into the Zang-Fu organs. The manifestations of disease are diverse, with numerous variations. Without comprehending the whole, the root of the disease remains unknown. This chapter discusses medicinal properties generally; having listed medicines governing the Zang-Fu organs at the beginning, it further lists medicines for the Six Excesses and those regulating Qi and Blood in a comprehensive manner at the end, ensuring thorough understanding of medicinal properties and preventing fatal errors in clinical practice.
The Classics state: Wind is the chief of a hundred diseases; its changes are unpredictable. It is not truly unpredictable, but rather changes according to the Qi of the four seasons. Yu Jiayan said: In winter, wind is the penetrating cold wind; in spring, it is the warming wind that promotes smooth flow; in summer, it is the hot southern wind; in autumn, it is the chilling cool wind. Thus, wind changes with the seasons, and its variations are indefinite. Therefore, when wind affects the Liver, it manifests as Heat; when it affects the Spleen and Kidney, it manifests as Cold and Dampness; when it affects the Stomach and Lung, it manifests as Dryness; when it affects the Spleen and Liver, it manifests as Phlegm and Dampness. Differentiated by the climate of each Zang-Fu organ, the variations of wind become countless and incalculable! Ancient texts state that for Wind in the Liver (Liver Wind), one should use Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis), Shetui (Ophichthidis Cutis Corneus), Jili (Tribuli Fructus), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), Quanxie (Scorpio), Fuping (Spirodelae Herba), Hugu (Tigris Os), Wugong (Scolopendra), Xianhecao (Leonuri Herba), Haitongpi (Erythrinae Cortex), Muzei (Equiseti Herba), Ruiren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Tian Nan Xing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum), Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma), Wuyi (Myrabolanae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus) to treat. For Wind in the Spleen (Spleen Wind), use Bixie (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma). For Wind in the Kidney, use Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix), Yinyanghuo (Epimedii Folium), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). For Wind in the Stomach, use Baifuzi (Typhonii Rhizoma), Woniu (Helicis). For Wind in the Lung (Lung Wind), use Ganju (Chrysanthemi Indici Flos), Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Xinyi (Magnoliae Flos), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix). For Wind in the meridians and orifices (Meridian Wind), use Baihuashe (Agkistrodon), Shexiang (Moschus), Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Fructus), ShanJia (Manis Squama), Yinyu (Ilicis Cornutae Folium), Suhexiang (Styrax), Zhangnao (Borneolum Syntheticum), Bimazi (Ricini Semen). For Wind in the Bladder (Bladder Meridian Wind), use Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix). For Wind in the Liver and Kidney (Liver-Kidney Wind), use Baihuashe, Shinanteng (Anastatidis Caulis), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix), Fuzi, Sangjisheng (Taxilli Caulis), Gouji (Rhynchotropidis Radix). For Wind in the Liver and Spleen (Liver-Spleen Wind), use Cang'erzi (Xanthii Fructus), Luganshi (Calamina), Qin jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix). For Wind in the Lung and Stomach (Lung-Stomach Wind), use Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Baiyaojian (Fermented Tea Brick). For Wind in the Wei level (Wei Wind/Surface Wind), use Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) to treat. (The Classics say: Disperse with Acrid substances.) This illustrates the differentiation of treating Wind based on meridian and Zang-Fu distinctions. Regarding Wind manifesting with Cold (Cold Wind), medicines include Xingren, Yinyanghuo, etc.; manifesting with Heat (Hot Wind), medicines include Xinyi, Muzei, Ruiren, Bingpian (Borneolum), Juemingzi, Luganshi, Niubangzi, Qingxiangzi (Pharbitidis Semen), etc.; manifesting with Dampness (Damp Wind), medicines include Qianghuo, Duhuo, Weirui, Sangjisheng, Shechuangzi, Bajitian, Gouji, Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Songzhi (Pinus Resina), Yinyu, Cang'erzi, Xianhecao, Wuweizi, Baiyaojian, Bixie, Weilingxian (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma? Note: Text says Lingxian/Welingxian usually Salviae Chinensis or Clematidis, here likely Salviae Miltiorrhizae or similar acrid-warm damp-draining herb contextually, WHO term often Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for Danshen but Welingsxian is Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma. I will use Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma for Weilingxian), Haitongpi, Qin jiao, Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), etc.; manifesting with Phlegm (Wind-Phlegm), medicines include Tian Nan Xing, Zaojiao, Wu Jian Fu Zi (likely Aconitum species processed), Baijiezi (Sinapis Semen), Baifuzi, Tianma, Baiqian, etc.; manifesting with Damp-Heat, medicines include Wuyi, Woniu, etc.; manifesting with Heat Qi, medicines include Bohe. (The Classics say: When Wind overflows internally, treat with Acrid-Cool substances.) Manifesting with Cold-Damp, medicines include Wujiapi, Tianxiong (Aconiti Radix), Manjingzi (Viticis Semen), Jiangcan, Xixin, etc. However, Wind nature is urgent and hard to control; when using Acrid substances, one must restrain them with Sweet substances. (The Classics say: Soothe with Sweet substances.) This only covers the general discussion of medicines; clinical application requires the physician's flexible adaptation and discretion, not being bound by specific drugs, which is the true essence of prescribing.
The Classics state: When Wind overflows internally, treat with Acrid-Cool substances, assist with Bitter-Sweet substances, soothe with Sweet substances, disperse with Acrid substances. (Wind belongs to Wood; Acrid belongs to Metal; Metal conquers Wood, hence Acrid-Cool is used. Overuse of Acrid may damage True Qi, hence assisted with Bitter-Sweet; Bitter controls Acrid, Sweet tonifies Qi. Wood nature is urgent, hence soothed with Sweet. Wood likes free flow, hence dispersed with Acrid.) Five Movements and Six Qi. (Jueyin governs Heaven, Si-Hai years; Jueyin governs Earth, Yin-Shen years.)
[Expel Wind]
Jingjie (Enters Liver) Gouteng (Enters Liver) Shetui (Enters Liver) Jili (Enters Liver) Chantui (Enters Liver) Fuping (Enters Liver) Quanxie (Enters Liver)
Wangbuliuxing (Enters Liver) Hugu (Enters Liver) Wugong (Enters Liver) Baihuashe (Enters Liver-Kidney) Chuanwu Fuzi (Enters Liver-Kidney) Shinanteng (Enters Liver-Kidney) Ganju (Enters Lung-Kidney)
Gaoben (Enters Bladder) Guizhi (Enters Wei Level)
[Expel Wind-Dampness]
Haitongpi (Enters Liver) Xianhecao (Enters Liver) Cang'erzi (Enters Liver-Spleen) Songzhi (Enters Liver-Spleen) Sangjisheng (Enters Liver-Kidney) Gouji (Enters Liver-Kidney) Bajitian (Enters Kidney) Duhuo (Enters Kidney) Cefuzi (Enters Kidney) Shechuangzi (Enters Kidney) Weirui (Enters Lung) Baizhi (Enters Stomach) Bixie (Enters Stomach) Baiyaojian (Enters Lung-Stomach) Wuweizi (Enters Lung-Stomach) Qin jiao (Enters Liver-Stomach) Fangfeng (Enters Bladder-Stomach) Qianghuo (Enters Bladder-Liver) Yinyu (Enters Joints) Weilingxian (Enters Twelve Meridians)
[Expel Wind-Heat]
Xinyi (Enters Lung) Niubangzi (Enters Lung) Muzei (Enters Liver-Gallbladder) Juemingzi (Enters Liver) Ruiren Bingpian (Enters Marrow-Bone) Luganshi (Enters Liver-Spleen)
[Expel Wind-Cold]
Xingren (Enters Lung) Yinyanghuo (Enters Kidney)
[Expel Wind Qi]
Xiong (Enters Liver) Shexiang (Enters Orifices)
[Expel Wind-Phlegm]
Tian Nan Xing (Enters Liver) Tianma (Enters Liver) Baiqian (Enters Lung) Baifuzi (Enters Stomach) Zaojiao (Enters Liver-Lung-Large Intestine) Baijiezi (Enters Hypochondrium)
[Expel Wind-Heat-Dampness]
Wuyi (Enters Liver) Woniu (Enters Meridians-Intestines-Stomach)
[Expel Wind-Heat Qi]
Bohe (Enters Liver)
[Expel Wind-Cold-Dampness]
Xixin (Enters Kidney) Tianxiong (Enters Kidney) Wujiapi (Enters Liver-Kidney) Jiangcan (Enters Liver-Lung-Stomach) Chansha (Enters Liver-Lung-Stomach) Manjingzi (Enters Sinews-Head-Face)
[Medicines for Opening Obstructions]
Zaojiao ShanJia Wugong Baihuashe Yinyu Suhexiang Zhangnao Xixin Bimazi Shexiang Bingpian Quanxie Chuanwu Fuzi