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Bencao Gangmu (Compendium of Materia Medica) records: Dunianzi is the same as Daoniuzi. It only mentions its ability to treat phlegm coughs and hiccups, warm the abdominal organs, and nourish muscles. Li Shizhen said: When eating it, one must pinch its stem in reverse, hence the name Daoniuzi (Reverse-Pinching Fruit), which was later mispronounced as Dunianzi. Its taste is very sweet and soft. Cantonese dialect calls it: Dunianzi grows in thickets, flowers resemble Peony flowers but are smaller, blooming in spring with red and white varieties. The fruit resembles a soft persimmon, purple on the outside and reddish inside, also small, supported by four leaves; the juice can be used for dyeing, like rouge. Flowers can be used to brew wine, leaves can be used as yeast starters, and the skin can be soaked to obtain gum to substitute for persimmon gum. Su Dongpo (Su Shi) named it Haiqi (Sea Lacquer). It is not lacquer but called so because it absorbs the fluid of Yi Wood, condensing into a substance resembling blood, which can replenish human blood. Its efficacy is similar to lacquer but surpasses Qingnian, hence the name. Because it has many uses and is needed for both food and medicine, it is named Dunian. Those produced in Luofu grow over ten feet high, and their fruits are particularly beautiful. In Lingnan, wines are brewed using flowers mixed with various fruits; among flowers, Areca catechu flower is the best, and among fruits, Daoniuzi is the best. Daoniuzi is also known as Zhanzi. It blooms in late spring and bears fruit in midsummer. The proverb says: "On the sixth day of the sixth month, Zhanzi ripens." When ripe and used for brewing wine, the color is red and the taste is sweet. Humans and monkeys compete to eat it, which is common everywhere.

Dongpo Zaji (Miscellaneous Records of Dongpo) states: I was exiled to live in Nanhai. In May, I traveled overland to Tengzhou, and from Tengzhou to Danzhou. Wild flowers lined the roads, resembling peonies but smaller, bright red and lovely, growing in thickets. Locals said they were flowers of Daozhanzi. By the time I reached Danzhou, they had already borne fruit, rotting purple and edible, extremely sweet and delicious. They contained fine seeds that made a rustling sound when chewed, with a slightly bitter aftertaste. Children who ate them suffered from difficulty in defecation. Natives suffering from dysentery in summer and autumn would recover by eating the leaves.

The fruit invigorates blood and nourishes blood. When ground and filtered into a paste for consumption, it also stops intestinal slipping (chronic diarrhea).

Peel
In the Sugarcane section of Bencao Gangmu, Li Shizhen specifically supplemented the benefits of sugarcane dregs, stating they treat pediatric alopecia capillitii (white scurf of the scalp). Burning them produces smoke that, if entering the eyes, causes dimness of vision. Other effects were not fully detailed, so I am expanding upon them here.

Jiusheng Kuhai (Life-Saving Bitter Sea) records: Used to close wounds and regenerate flesh, treating carbuncles and malignant ulcers with frequent success. Collect sugarcane dregs, dry them in the sun, preserve their medicinal nature, and grind them into an extremely fine powder. Take a small bamboo tube sized to fit the ulcer opening, tie fine linen cloth tightly over the top, sift the powder to fill the ulcer cavity, cover with a plaster, and the wound will naturally heal.

Yijian records: For Duikou sore (carbuncle at the nape of the neck), also known as Xiaoju, bake sugarcane dregs until dry and grind into powder. Bake white dog feces until dry and grind into powder. Mix evenly. Take one bamboo tube, wrap the tip with thin silk, insert the powder, sieve onto a plaster, and apply. Even patients near death can be saved.

Experience Single Formula for Acne Furuncle: Dry sugarcane dregs in the sun. Burn true sesame oil in a lamp to ash. Mix with saliva. Use a silver hairpin to pierce the lesion and apply the mixture. Immediate effect.
Another formula adds Pearl Oil and Rouge for mixing and application, which is even more effective.
Zhao Xuemin's Note: There are several varieties of sugarcane. Purple-skinned ones are called Kunlun Sugarcane; green-skinned ones are Fufeng Sugarcane. Huang Hairuo said: Whenever acne or smallpox fails to erupt, or is suppressed without emerging, with severe toxicity and distension, this type belongs to critical conditions. It is advisable to give fresh juice of green-skinned sugarcane to the patient, administering frequently. The eruption will immediately appear. Its ability to dissipate cold and detoxify surpasses that of earthworms and pigeons. Unfortunately, people do not know its efficacy. If using dregs for medicine, green-skinned sugarcane dregs are superior.

Sugarcane Skin
Bencao Gangmu only records its use for treating mouth ulcers (gangrene of the mouth), unaware that its skin can be added to spices. Overseas products like Sanzhu Four-Leaf Incense Cakes use sugarcane skin. Additionally, dried skin placed under bedding can remove damp-heat. Bencao Hui contains the Jieqi Mulong Decoction, which also uses its skin, thus supplementing this knowledge.

Early Stage of Wax Pear
Baicao Jing records: Burn purple sugarcane skin to preserve its medicinal nature, mix with sesame oil, and apply.

Jieqi Mulong Decoction: Specifically treats long-term impotence and seminal emission due to yang deficiency. It is not for internal use but primarily for external treatment. Patients likely suffer from weak constitution, excessive sexual indulgence, depression, or disharmony between heart and kidney. This formula is most excellent. Zijiaohua (Caulis Sparganii), Gancao (Licorice Root), Gansui (Kansui Root), Liangjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum), Wenge (Clam Shell), Mudingxiang (Mother Clove), Bajitian (Morinda Officinalis Root), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Yinyanghuo (Epimedii Folium), Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus), Lianshuizi (Meliae Semen), Gansong (Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma) each 1 liang; Suoyang (Cynomorii Herba), Congrong (Cistanche Deserticolae Herba), Guangui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Yangpi (Sheep Skin), Hongzhapi (Red Sugarcane Peel), Manshanhong (Vaccinii Vitisanthemi Fructus), Yingusuqiao (Papaveris Pericarpium soaked in water to remove veins) each 2 liang; Red Beans 70 grains. Must select spicy ingredients used in wine medicines. Baijing Qiuyin (White-intestine Earthworms) 7 pieces roasted. Wowei (Lead) 8 liang sliced thinly. Divide equally into seven doses. One dose daily. Decoct in a clay pot. First fumigate, then wash, allowing to cool. At night, wash again with warm decoction. Abstain from sexual intercourse for seven days.

Bed Sore
Burn sugarcane skin to preserve its medicinal nature, mix with sesame oil, and apply (Jiabao Formula).

Bamboo Skin Disorder
Jingyan Guangji records: This medicine treats Bamboo Skin Disorder, characterized by lack of skin, dripping pus and blood, red peeled lesions resembling bayberry, and all types of fetal toxins. Use Luganshi (Calamina) soaked in child's urine four times, 1 liang; Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) coated with pig bile and roasted seven times; Purple sugarcane skin burned to preserve medicinal nature; Ha'ercha (Child's Tea); Chishizhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) each 5 qian; Lvdoufen (Mung Bean Powder) fried for 7 fen; Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 5 fen. Grind into powder. First, fry egg yolk in sesame oil until black, remove the yolk, let cool, mix, and apply for cure.