（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶石刺木乃木上寄生也。生南方林 间。其树江西人呼为靳刺，亦种为
篱院，树似棘而大，枝上有逆钩。
根皮
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
【主治】破血，产后余血结瘕。煮汁服，神验不可言（藏器）。
（苞木类四种）
（《本经》中品）
【释名】时珍曰∶竹字象形。许慎《说文》云∶“竹，冬生草也”。
故字从倒草。戴凯之《竹谱》云∶植物之中，有名曰竹。不刚不柔，非草非木。小异实
虚，大同节目。
【集解】弘景曰∶竹类甚多，入药用 竹，次用淡、苦竹。
又一种薄壳者，名甘竹，叶最胜。又有实中竹、篁竹，并以笋为佳，于药无用。颂曰∶
竹处处有之。其类甚多，而入药惟用 竹、淡竹、苦竹三种，人多不能尽别。按∶《竹谱》∶
竹坚而促节，体圆而质劲，皮白如霜，大者宜刺船，细者可为笛。苦竹有白有紫。甘竹似
篁而茂，即淡竹也。然今之刺船者多用桂竹。竹笛自有一种，亦不名 竹。苦竹亦有二种∶
一出江西、闽中，本极粗大，笋味殊苦，不可啖；一出江浙，肉浓而叶长阔，笋微有苦味，
俗呼甜苦笋是也。今南人入药烧沥，惟用淡竹一品，肉薄，节间有粉者。时珍曰∶竹，惟江
河之南甚多，故曰九河鲜有，五岭实繁。大抵皆土中苞笋，各以时而出，旬日落箨而成竹也。
茎有节，节有枝；枝有节，节有叶。叶必三之，枝必两之。根下之枝，一为雄，二为雌，雌
者生笋。其根鞭喜行东南，而宜死猫，畏皂刺、油麻。以五月十三日为醉日。六十年一花，
花结实，其竹则枯。竹枯曰 ，竹实曰筱，小曰 KT ，大曰 。其中皆虚，而有实心竹
出滇广；其外皆圆，而有方竹出川蜀。其节或暴或无，或促或疏。暴节竹出蜀中，高节 ，
即筇竹也。无节竹出溱州，空心直上，即通竹也。 竹一尺数节，出荆南。笛竹一节尺余，
出吴楚。 竹一节近丈，出南广。其干或长或短，或巨或细。交广由吾竹长三、四丈，其
肉薄，可作屋柱。 竹大至数围，其肉浓，可为梁栋。永昌汉竹可为桶斛， 竹可为舟船。
严州越王竹高只尺余。辰州龙孙竹细仅如针，高不盈尺。其叶或细或大。凤尾竹叶细三分，
龙公竹叶若芭蕉，百叶竹一枝百叶。其性或柔或劲，或滑或涩。涩者可以错甲，谓之 。
滑者可以为席，谓之桃枝。劲者可以为戈刀箭矢，谓之矛竹、箭竹、筋竹、石麻。柔者可为
绳索，谓之 竹、弓竹、苦竹、把发。其色有青有黄，有白有赤，有乌有紫。有斑斑者驳纹
点染，紫者黯色黝然，乌者黑而害母，赤者浓而直，白者薄而曲，黄者如金，青者如玉。其
别种有棘竹，一名 竹，芒棘森然，大者围二尺，可御盗贼。棕竹一名实竹，其叶似棕，可
为柱杖。慈竹一名义竹，丛生不散，人栽为玩。广人以筋竹丝为竹布，甚脆。
竹叶
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
《别录》曰∶大寒。
【主治】咳逆上气，溢筋，
急恶疡，杀小虫（《本经》）。除烦热风痉，喉痹呕吐
煎汤，熨霍乱转筋（时珍）。
淡竹叶
【气味】辛，平、大寒，无毒。
权曰∶甘，寒。
【主治】胸中痰热，
咳逆上气（《别录》）。吐血，热毒风，止消渴，压丹石毒
消痰，治热狂烦闷，中风失音不语，壮热头痛头风，止惊悸，温疫迷闷，妊妇头旋倒地，
小儿惊痫天吊
喉痹，鬼疰恶气，烦热，杀小虫（孟诜）。凉心经，益元气，除热缓脾（元素）。煎浓汁，
漱齿中出血，洗脱肛不收（时珍）
苦竹叶
【气味】苦，冷，无毒。
【主治】口疮目痛，明目利九窍（《别录》）。治不睡，止消渴，解酒毒，除烦热，发汗，
疗中风喑哑（大明）。杀虫。烧末，和猪胆，涂小儿头疮耳疮疥癣；和鸡子白，涂一切恶疮，
频用取效（时珍）。
【发明】弘景曰∶甘竹叶最胜。
诜曰∶竹叶∶ 、苦、淡、甘之外，余皆不堪入药，不宜人。淡竹为上，甘竹次之
。宗 曰∶诸竹笋性皆微寒，故知其叶一致也。张仲景竹叶汤，惟用淡竹。元素曰∶竹叶苦
平，阴中微阳。杲曰∶竹叶辛苦寒，可升可降，阳中阴也。其用有二∶除新久风邪之烦热，
止喘促气胜
【附方】新二。
上气发热，因奔趁走马后，饮冷水所致者。竹叶三斤，橘皮三两，水一斗，煮五升，细
服。三日一剂。（《肘后方》）。时行发黄∶竹叶五升（切），小麦七升，石膏三两，水一斗半，
煮取七升，细服，尽剂愈。（《肘后方》）
竹根
【主治】作汤，益气止渴，补虚下气（《本经》）。
消毒（《别录》）。
淡竹根
【主治】除烦热，解丹石发热渴，煮汁服（藏器）。
消痰去风热，惊悸迷闷，小儿惊痫（大明）。同叶煎汤，洗妇人子宫下脱
苦竹根
【主治】下心肺五脏热毒瓦斯。锉一斤，水五升，煮汁一升，分三服（孟诜）。
甘竹根
【主治】煮汁服，安胎，止产后烦热（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
产后烦热逆气∶用甘竹根（切）一斗五升，煮取七升，去滓，入小麦二
，复煮麦熟三、四沸，入甘草一两，麦门冬一升，再煎至二升。每服五合。（《妇人良方
》）
淡竹茹
【气味】甘，微寒，无毒。
【主治】呕 ，温气寒热，吐血崩中，溢筋（《别录》）。
止肺痿唾血鼻衄，治五痔（甄权）。噎膈（孟诜）。伤寒劳复，小儿热痫，妇人胎动
（时珍）。
苦竹茹
【主治】下热壅（孟诜）。水煎服，止尿血
竹茹
【主治】劳热（大明）。
【附方】旧五，新五。
伤寒劳复∶伤寒后交接劳复，卵肿腹痛。竹皮一升，水三升，煮五沸，服汁。（朱肱《南
阳活人书》）
妇人劳复，病初愈，有所劳动，致热气冲胸，手足搐搦拘急，如中风状∶淡竹青茹半斤，
栝蒌二两，水二升，煎一升，分二服。（《活人书》）。
产后烦热，内虚短气∶甘竹茹汤∶用甘竹茹一升，人参、茯苓、甘草各二两，黄芩二两。
水六升，煎二升，分服，日三服。（《妇人良方》）。
妇人损胎∶孕八、九月，或坠伤，牛马惊伤，心痛。用青竹茹五两，酒一升，煎五合服。
（《子母秘录》）。
月水不断∶青竹茹微炙，为末。每服三钱，水一盏，煎服。（《普济方》）。
小儿热痛，口噤体热。竹青茹三两，醋三升，煎一升，服一合。（《子母秘录》）。
齿血不止∶生竹皮，醋浸，令人含之， 其背上三过。以茗汁漱
牙齿宣露∶黄竹叶、当归尾，研末，煎汤，入盐含漱。（《永类方》）。
饮酒头痛∶竹茹二两，水五升，煮三升，纳鸡子三枚，煮三沸，食之。（《千金方》）。
伤损内痛∶兵杖所加，木石所迮，血在胸、背、胁中刺痛。用青竹茹、乱发各一团，炭
火炙焦为末。酒一升，煮三沸，服之。三服愈。（《千金方》）
淡竹沥
【修治】机曰∶将竹截作二尺长，劈开。以砖两片对立，架竹于上。以火炙出其沥，以
盘承取。时珍曰∶一法∶以竹截长五、六寸，以瓶盛，倒悬，下用一器承之，周遭以炭火逼
之，
【气味】甘，大寒，无毒。
时珍曰∶姜汁为之使。
【主治】暴中风风痹，胸中大热，止烦闷，消渴，劳复（《别录》）。中风失音不
养血清痰，风痰虚痰在胸膈，使人癫狂，痰在经络四肢及皮里膜外，非此不达不行（震亨）。
治子冒风 ，解射罔毒（时珍）。
竹沥
【主治】风 （《别录》）。
苦竹沥
【主治】口疮目痛，明目，利九窍（《别录》）。
功同淡竹（大明）。治牙疼（时珍）。
慈竹沥
【主治】疗热风，和粥饮服（孟诜）。
【发明】弘景曰∶凡取竹沥，惟用淡、苦、 竹者。
雷曰∶久渴心烦，宜投竹沥。
震亨曰∶竹沥滑痰，非助以姜汁不能行。诸方治胎产金疮口噤，与血虚自汗，消渴小便
多，皆是阴虚之病，无不用之。产后不碍虚，胎前不损子。本草言其大寒，似与石膏、黄芩
同类。而世俗因大寒二字，弃而不用。《经》云∶阴虚则发热。竹沥味甘性缓，能除阴虚之
有大热者。寒而能补，与薯蓣寒补义同。大寒言其功，非独言其气也。世人食笋，自幼至老，
未有因其寒而病者。沥即笋之液也，又假于火而成，何寒如此之甚耶？但能食者用荆沥，不
能食者用竹沥。
时珍曰∶竹沥性寒而滑，大抵因风火燥热而有痰者宜之。若寒湿胃虚肠滑之人服之，则
反伤肠胃。笋性滑利，多食泻人，僧家谓之刮肠篦，即此义也。丹溪朱氏谓大寒言其功不言
其气，殊悖于理。谓大寒为气，何害于功？《淮南子》云∶槁竹有火，不钻不然。今苗僚人
以干竹片相戛取火，则竹性虽寒，亦未必大寒也。《神仙传》云∶离娄公服竹汁饵桂，得长
生。盖竹汁性寒，以桂济之，亦与用姜汁佐竹沥之意相同。淡竹今人呼为水竹，有大小二种，
此竹汁
【附方】旧十四，新七。
中风口噤∶竹沥、姜汁等分，日日饮之。（《千金方》）
小儿口噤体热∶用竹沥二合。暖饮，分三、四服。（《兵部手集》）。
产后中风，口噤，身直面青，手足反张∶竹沥饮一、二升，即苏。（《梅师方》）。
破伤中风∶凡闪脱折骨诸疮，慎不可当风用扇，中风则发 ，口噤项
沥二、三升。忌冷冻饮料食及酒。竹沥卒难得，可合十许束并烧取之。（《外台秘要》）。
金疮中风，口噤欲死∶竹沥半升，微微暖服。（《广利方》）。
大人喉风∶ 竹油，频饮之。（《集简方》）。
小儿重舌∶竹沥渍黄柏，时时点之。（《简便方》）。
小儿伤寒∶淡竹沥、葛根汁各六合。细细与服。（《千金方》）。
小儿狂语，夜后便发∶竹沥夜服二合。（姚和众《至宝方》）。
妇人胎动∶
孕妇子烦∶杨氏产乳∶竹沥，频频饮之。《梅师方》∶茯苓二两，竹沥一升，水四升，煎
二
时气烦躁，五、六日不解∶青竹沥半盏，新水半盏，相和令匀，非时服。（
消渴尿多∶竹沥恣饮，数日愈。（《肘后方》）。
咳嗽肺痿∶大人、小儿咳逆短气，胸中吸吸，咳出涕唾，嗽出臭脓。用淡竹沥一合，服
之，日三、五次，以愈为度。（李绛《兵部手集》）。
产后虚汗∶淡竹沥三合，暖服，须臾再服。（昝殷《产宝》）。
小儿吻疮∶竹沥和黄连、黄柏、黄丹敷之。（《全幼心鉴》）。
小儿赤目∶淡竹沥点之。或入人乳。（《古今录验》）。
赤目 痛不得开者，肝经实热所致，或生障翳∶用苦竹沥五合，黄连二分。绵裹浸一宿，
频点之，令热泪出。（《梅
猝牙齿痛∶苦竹烧一头，其一头汁出，热揩之。（姚僧坦《集验方》）。
丹石毒发∶头眩耳鸣，恐惧不安。淡竹沥，频服二、三升。（《古今录验》）
竹笋 见菜部。
慈竹箨
【主治】小儿头身恶疮，烧散和油涂之。或入轻粉少许（时珍）。
竹实
【主治】通神明，轻身益气（《本经》）。
【发明】《别录》曰∶竹实出益州。
弘景曰∶竹实出蓝田。江东乃有花而无实，顷来斑斑有实，状如小麦，可为饭食。
承曰∶旧有竹实，鸾凤所食。今近道竹间，时见开花小白如枣花，亦结实如小麦子，无
气味而涩。江浙人号为竹米，以为荒年之兆，其竹即死，必非鸾凤所食者。近有余干人言∶
竹实大如鸡子，竹叶层层包裹，味甘胜蜜，食之令人心膈清凉，生深竹林茂盛蒙密处。顷因
得之，但日久汁枯干而味尚存尔。乃知鸾凤所食，非常物也。
时珍曰∶按∶陈藏器《本草》云∶竹肉，一名竹实，生苦竹枝上，大如鸡子，似肉脔，
有大毒。须以灰汁煮二度，炼讫，乃依常菜茹食。炼不熟，则戟人喉出血，手爪尽脱也。此
说与陈承所说竹实相似，恐即一物，但苦竹上者有毒尔。与竹米之竹实不同。
山白竹（即山间小白竹也）
【主治】烧灰，入腐烂痈疽
爆竹
【主治】辟妖气山魈。
慎微曰∶李畋《该闻集》云∶仲叟者，家为山魈所祟，掷石开户。畋令旦夜于庭中爆竹
数十竿，若除夕然，其祟遂止。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Ji Jie / Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi stated: Shi Ci Mu (Stone-thorn Wood) is a parasitic plant growing on trees. It grows in the forests of the southern regions. People in Jiangxi call it Jin Ci, and it is also planted as hedges or fences. The tree resembles thorns but is larger, with reverse hooks on its branches.
Root Bark
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Invigorates blood and resolves stasis; treats postpartum residual blood coagulation forming masses (Jia). Boil the juice and ingest it; the effect is miraculous and indescribable (Chen Cangqi).
(Four species of Bao Mu / Sheathed Timber Plants)
(From *Shennong Bencao Jing* / Divine Farmer's Materia Medica, Middle Grade)
[Shi Ming / Name Explanation] Li Shizhen said: The character "Zhu" (Bamboo) is pictographic. Xu Shen's *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Bamboo is a grass that grows in winter." Therefore, the character derives from an inverted "grass" radical. Dai Kaizhi's *Zhu Pu* (Bamboo Spectrum) states: Among plants, there is one called bamboo. Neither rigid nor flexible, neither grass nor wood. Small differences lie in hollowness vs. solidity; great similarities lie in having nodes.
[Ji Jie / Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing said: There are many types of bamboo. For medicinal use, Jian Zhu (Arrow Bamboo) is primary, followed by Dan Zhu (Light Bamboo) and Ku Zhu (Bitter Bamboo).
There is another type with thin shells, named Gan Zhu (Sweet Bamboo), whose leaves are superior. There are also solid-core bamboo and Huang Zhu, where the shoots are best but useless for medicine. Su Song said: Bamboo grows everywhere. The varieties are numerous, but only Jian Zhu, Dan Zhu, and Ku Zhu are used medicinally; most people cannot distinguish them all. According to *Zhu Pu*: Jian Zhu is hard with dense nodes, round in body and tough in texture, white skin like frost. Large ones are suitable for boat-building, small ones for flutes. Ku Zhu comes in white and purple varieties. Gan Zhu resembles Huang Zhu and is lush, which is Dan Zhu. However, nowadays boat-builders mostly use Gui Zhu (Cinnamon Bamboo). Flute bamboo has its own variety and is not called Jian Zhu. Ku Zhu has two types: one from Jiangxi and Fujian, with very thick roots and shoots extremely bitter and inedible; one from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with thick flesh and broad leaves, shoots slightly bitter, commonly called sweet-bitter shoots. Currently, southerners use Dan Zhu exclusively for burning to extract bamboo sap (Li), which has thin flesh and powdery substance between nodes. Li Shizhen said: Bamboo is abundant south of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, hence the saying "rare in the Nine Rivers, plentiful in the Five Ridges." Generally, they emerge from the earth sheathed in shoots, appearing according to their season, shedding husks and becoming bamboo within ten days. Stems have nodes, nodes have branches; branches have nodes, nodes have leaves. Leaves always come in groups of three, branches always fork into two. Branches below the root: one is male, two are female; females produce shoots. Its rhizomes prefer growing southeast, favor the smell of dead cats, and fear soapberry thorns and sesame oil. The 13th day of the 5th lunar month is considered the "Drunken Day." It flowers once every sixty years; after flowering and fruiting, the bamboo dies. Dead bamboo is called Xiao, bamboo seeds are called Xiao, small ones are Jun, large ones are Lu. Internally hollow, but solid-core bamboo exists in Yunnan and Guangdong; externally round, but square bamboo exists in Sichuan and Shu. Nodes may be dense or absent, short or sparse. Dense-node bamboo comes from Shu; high-node bamboo is called Qiong Zhu (Qiong cane). Nodeless bamboo comes from Qin Zhou, hollow and straight up, called Tong Zhu (Pass-through bamboo). Bamboo with several nodes per chi comes from Jingnan. Flute bamboo has nodes over a chi long, coming from Wu and Chu. Bamboo nearly a zhang long per node comes from Nanguang. Stems vary in length and thickness. Youwu bamboo from Jiao and Guang is three to four zhang long, thin-fleshed, usable as roof pillars. Certain bamboo reaches several chi in diameter, thick-fleshed, usable as beams. Yongchang Han bamboo can make buckets; certain bamboo can make boats. Yuewang bamboo from Yanzhou is only over a chi tall. Longsun bamboo from Chenzhou is needle-thin, less than a chi tall. Leaves vary in size. Fengwei bamboo leaves are three fen fine; Longgong bamboo leaves resemble banana leaves; Baiye bamboo has one hundred leaves per branch. Properties vary: some flexible, some strong; some slippery, some astringent. Astringent ones can file nails, called Mou. Slippery ones can make mats, called Tao Zhi. Strong ones can make spears, arrows, and shafts, called Mao Zhu, Jian Zhu, Jin Zhu, Shi Ma. Flexible ones can make ropes, called Mou Zhu, Gong Zhu, Ku Zhu, Ba Fa. Colors include green, yellow, white, red, black, purple. Some have mottled patterns; purple is dark; black harms the mother plant; red is dense and straight; white is thin and curved; yellow like gold; green like jade. Other varieties include Ji Zhu (Thorn Bamboo), also known as Mou Zhu, with sharp thorns, up to two chi in circumference, usable against thieves. Zong Zhu (Palm Bamboo), also called Shi Zhu, has palm-like leaves, usable as walking sticks. Ci Zhu (Kindness Bamboo), also called Yi Zhu, grows in clumps without spreading, planted for ornamentation. People in Guangdong weave Jin Zhu silk into bamboo cloth, which is brittle.
Bamboo Leaves
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
*Ben Cao Bie Lu* says: Greatly cold.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Treats cough with rebellious qi, overflowing sinews, acute painful sores, kills small insects (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Clears irritability, wind-spasm, bi-syndrome of the throat, vomiting. Decoct and apply hot to treat Huoluan with muscle cramps (Li Shizhen).
Dan Zhu Ye (Leaves of Light Bamboo)
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Pungent, neutral, greatly cold, non-toxic.
Zhen Quan said: Sweet, cold.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Clears phlegm-heat in the chest, cough with rebellious qi (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*). Treats hematemesis, wind-heat toxin, stops thirst, counteracts Danshi toxicity. Resolves phlegm, treats manic fever and restlessness, stroke with loss of voice, severe fever, headache, and wind-headache, stops palpitations, epidemic confusion, pregnant women's dizziness and fainting, pediatric convulsions and upward deviation of eyes. Treats sore throat, evil qi from ghost infestation, irritability, kills small insects (Meng Shen). Cools the Heart meridian, benefits Yuan Qi, clears heat and soothes the Spleen (Zhang Yuansu). Decoct concentrated juice, gargle for bleeding gums, wash prolapsed rectum (Li Shizhen).
Ku Zhu Ye (Leaves of Bitter Bamboo)
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Treats mouth ulcers and eye pain, brightens eyes and benefits the nine orifices (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*). Treats insomnia, stops thirst, resolves alcohol toxicity, clears irritability and heat, induces sweating, treats stroke aphasia (Li Xun). Kills parasites. Calcine to powder, mix with pig bile, apply to pediatric head sores, ear sores, scabies, and tinea; mix with egg white, apply to all malignant sores; frequent use yields results (Li Shizhen).
[Fa Ming / Elucidation] Tao Hongjing said: Gan Zhu leaves are the best.
Meng Shen said: Among bamboo leaves—Jian, Ku, Dan, Gan—others are unsuitable for medicine and humans. Dan Zhu is superior, Gan Zhu secondary.
Kou Zongshi said: All bamboo shoots are slightly cold, so their leaves share this nature. Zhang Zhongjing's Zhu Ye Tang uses only Dan Zhu. Zhang Yuansu said: Zhu Ye is bitter and neutral, yin with slight yang. Gao said: Zhu Ye is pungent, bitter, and cold, ascending and descending, yang containing yin. Its functions are twofold: clearing new and old wind-pathogen irritability, stopping wheezing and excess qi.
[Attached Formulas] Two new formulas.
Upper jiao qi rebellion with fever, caused by drinking cold water after running or horseback riding: Zhu Ye three jin, Ju Pi three liang, water one dou, decoct to five sheng, take in small sips. One dose every three days. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*). Epidemic jaundice: Zhu Ye five sheng (chopped), Xiao Mai seven sheng, Shi Gao three liang, water one dou and half, decoct to seven sheng, take in small sips, finish one dose to cure. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*).
Jian Zhu Gen (Root of Arrow Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Decoct as soup, tonifies qi, stops thirst, tonifies deficiency and directs qi downward (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Resolves toxicity (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*).
Dan Zhu Gen (Root of Light Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Clears irritability and heat, resolves Danshi-induced fever and thirst, decoct juice and ingest (Chen Cangqi).
Resolves phlegm and wind-heat, palpitations, confusion, pediatric convulsions (Li Xun). Decoct with leaves, wash uterine prolapse in women.
Ku Zhu Gen (Root of Bitter Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Clears heat toxins from Heart, Lungs, and Five Viscera. Chop one jin, water five sheng, decoct to one sheng of juice, divide into three doses (Meng Shen).
Gan Zhu Gen (Root of Sweet Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Decoct juice and ingest, calms fetus, stops postpartum irritability and heat (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formula] One new formula.
Postpartum irritability and rebellious qi: Use Gan Zhu Gen (chopped) one dou and five sheng, decoct to seven sheng, strain, add Xiao Mai two sheng, decoct until wheat is cooked for three or four boils, add Gan Cao one liang, Mai Dong one sheng, decoct again to two sheng. Take five he per dose. (*Fu Ren Da Quan Liang Fang*).
Dan Zhu Ru (Inner Sheath of Light Bamboo)
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Vomiting, warm qi with chills and fever, hematemesis, metrorrhagia, overflowing sinews (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*).
Stops pulmonary abscess with bloody saliva and epistaxis, treats five hemorrhoids (Zhen Quan). Dysphagia (Meng Shen). Cold damage with relapse due to overexertion, pediatric heat epilepsy, fetal movement in women (Li Shizhen).
Ku Zhu Ru (Inner Sheath of Bitter Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Descends heat obstruction (Meng Shen). Decoct in water, stops hematuria.
Jian Zhu Ru (Inner Sheath of Arrow Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Labor fever (Li Xun).
[Attached Formulas] Five old, five new.
Cold damage relapse due to exertion: Relapse after intercourse following cold damage, swollen testicles and abdominal pain. Zhu Pi one sheng, water three sheng, boil five times, drink juice. (Zhu Gong *Nanyang Huoren Shu*).
Women's relapse due to exertion, illness just recovered, physical labor causing heat rushing to chest, spasms and stiffness of hands and feet resembling stroke: Dan Zhu Qing Ru half jin, Gua Lou two liang, water two sheng, decoct to one sheng, divide into two doses. (*Huoren Shu*).
Postpartum irritability, internal deficiency and shortness of breath: Gan Zhu Ru Tang: Gan Zhu Ru one sheng, Ren Shen, Fu Ling, Gan Cao each two liang, Huang Qin two liang. Water six sheng, decoct to two sheng, divide doses, three times daily. (*Fu Ren Da Quan Liang Fang*).
Fetal injury: Eighth or ninth month of pregnancy, or fall/injury, fright from cattle/horses causing heart pain. Use Qing Zhu Ru five liang, wine one sheng, decoct to five he, ingest. (*Zimu Milu*).
Menstruation unceasing: Qing Zhu Ru lightly roasted, powdered. Take three qian per dose, water one zhan, decoct and ingest. (*Pu Ji Fang*).
Pediatric heat pain, trismus and fever. Zhu Qing Ru three liang, vinegar three sheng, decoct to one sheng, take one he. (*Zimu Milu*).
Unstopping tooth bleeding: Raw bamboo peel, soak in vinegar, hold in mouth, rub back three times. Rinse with tea juice.
Exposed teeth: Huang Zhu Ye, Dang Gui Wei, powder, decoct, add salt, gargle. (*Yong Lei Qian Fang*).
Alcohol-induced headache: Zhu Ru two liang, water five sheng, decoct to three sheng, add three eggs, boil three times, eat. (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Trauma internal pain: Blows from weapons, crushing by wood/stone, stabbing pain from blood in chest/back/flanks. Use Qing Zhu Ru, loose hair each one tu, roast over charcoal until charred, powder. Wine one sheng, boil three times, ingest. Cure after three doses. (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Dan Zhu Li (Sap of Light Bamboo)
[Xiu Zhi / Processing] Lei Xiao said: Cut bamboo into two-chi lengths, split open. Place two bricks opposite each other, rack bamboo on top. Roast with fire to extract sap, catch in a plate. Li Shizhen said: Another method: Cut bamboo into five or six cun lengths, put in bottle, hang upside down, place vessel underneath, surround with charcoal fire to force extraction.
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Nature] Sweet, greatly cold, non-toxic.
Li Shizhen said: Ginger juice acts as an assistant.
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Sudden stroke with wind-bi, great heat in chest, stops irritability, thirst, relapse due to exertion (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*). Stroke with loss of voice.
Nourishes blood, resolves phlegm. Wind-phlegm and deficiency-phlegm in chest/diaphragm cause mania. Phlegm in meridians, limbs, and subcutaneous tissue requires this herb to penetrate and circulate (Xue Ji). Treats Zi Mao wind-spasm, resolves poison from arrow venom (Li Shizhen).
Jian Zhu Li (Sap of Arrow Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Wind diseases (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*).
Ku Zhu Li (Sap of Bitter Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Mouth ulcers, eye pain, brightens eyes, benefits nine orifices (*Ben Cao Bie Lu*).
Efficacy same as Dan Zhu (Li Xun). Treats toothache (Li Shizhen).
Ci Zhu Li (Sap of Kindness Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Treats wind-heat, mix with porridge drink (Meng Shen).
[Fa Ming / Elucidation] Tao Hongjing said: For extracting bamboo sap, only use Dan, Ku, and Jian Zhu.
Lei Xiao said: For prolonged thirst and vexation, administer bamboo sap.
Xue Ji said: Bamboo sap resolves slippery phlegm; without ginger juice, it cannot move. Various formulas treating obstetric/gold-wound trismus, spontaneous sweating due to blood deficiency, thirst with polyuria, all involve yin-deficiency diseases, and all use it. Postpartum use does not harm deficiency; antenatal use does not harm the fetus. Materia Medica says it is greatly cold, similar to Shi Gao and Huang Qin. But common people discard it due to "greatly cold." *Jing* (Neijing) says: Yin deficiency generates heat. Bamboo sap is sweet and slow-acting, capable of clearing great heat from yin deficiency. Cold yet tonifying, same principle as Dioscorea's cold tonification. "Greatly cold" refers to its efficacy, not just its nature. People eat shoots from childhood to old age without illness from cold. Sap is shoot liquid, processed by fire, how can it be so cold? Those who can eat use Jing Li; those who cannot use Zhu Li.
Li Shizhen said: Bamboo sap is cold and slippery, suitable for phlegm due to wind-fire dryness-heat. If taken by those with cold-damp, stomach deficiency, or loose bowels, it damages gastrointestinal tract. Shoots are slippery and purgative; monks call them "intestine-scraping combs," meaning this. Zhu Danxi said "greatly cold" refers to efficacy not nature, which contradicts reason. Saying "greatly cold" is nature, what harm to efficacy? *Huainanzi* says: Dry bamboo has fire, needs drilling to ignite. Miao/Liao people strike dry bamboo to get fire, so although bamboo nature is cold, it may not be greatly cold. *Shenxian Zhuan* says: Lilou Gong took bamboo juice with Cassia twig and attained longevity. Bamboo juice is cold, assisted by Cassia, similar to using ginger juice with bamboo sap. Dan Zhu is now called Shui Zhu, with large and small varieties, this bamboo's juice...
[Attached Formulas] Fourteen old, seven new.
Stroke with trismus: Zhu Li, Jiang Zhi equal parts, drink daily. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Pediatric trismus and fever: Zhu Er two he. Warm drink, divide into three or four doses. (*Bingbu Shouji*).
Postpartum stroke, trismus, face turning blue, opisthotonos: Zhu Li drink one or two sheng, then revive. (*Meishi Fang*).
Broken injury stroke: For sprains, fractures, and wounds, strictly avoid wind/fanning. If struck by wind, disease erupts, trismus, stiff neck. Drink Zhu Li two or three sheng. Avoid cold drinks/food and alcohol. Zhu Li is hard to get suddenly; burn ten bundles together to collect. (*Waitai Miyao*).
Metal wound stroke, trismus near death: Zhu Li half sheng, take warm. (*Guangli Fang*).
Adult throat wind: Jian Zhu You, drink frequently. (*Jijian Fang*).
Pediatric double tongue: Zhu Li soak Huang Bo, drop occasionally. (*Jianbian Fang*).
Pediatric cold damage: Dan Zhu Li, Ge Gen Juice each six he. Give slowly. (*Qian Jin Fang*).
Pediatric delirium, onset at night: Zhu Li drink two he at night. (Yao Hezhong *Zhibao Fang*).
Fetal movement: [Text missing]
Pregnant woman fetal vexation: Yang Shi Chanru: Zhu Li, drink frequently. *Meishi Fang*: Fu Ling two liang, Zhu Li one sheng, water four sheng, decoct to... [Text missing]
Seasonal irritability, unresolved for 5-6 days: Qing Zhu Li half zhan, fresh water half zhan, mix well, take as needed. ([Title missing])
Thirst with polyuria: Zhu Li drink freely, cure in several days. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*).
Cough and pulmonary abscess: Adult/pediatric cough with shortness of breath, sucking sensation in chest, coughing up nasal discharge/sputum and foul pus. Use Dan Zhu Li one he, ingest, 3-5 times daily until cured. (Li Jiang *Bingbu Shouji*).
Postpartum deficient sweating: Dan Zhu Li three he, warm drink, repeat shortly after. (Zan Yin *Chanbao*).
Pediatric angular cheilitis: Zhu Li mixed with Huang Lian, Huang Bo, Huang Dan, apply. (*Quanyou Xinjian*).
Pediatric red eyes: Dan Zhu Li drop into eyes. Or add human milk. (*Gujin Luyian*).
Red eyes painful and unable to open, caused by Liver meridian excess heat or pterygium: Ku Zhu Li five he, Huang Lian two fen. Wrap in cotton, soak overnight, drop frequently to induce tearing. (*Meishi Fang*)
Sudden toothache: Burn one end of Ku Zhu, apply hot juice from other end. (Yao Sengt'an *Jiyan Fang*)
Danshi toxicity eruption: Dizziness, tinnitus, fear/anxiety. Dan Zhu Li, drink frequently two or three sheng. (*Gujin Luyian*)
Bamboo Shoots See Vegetable Section.
Ci Zhu Tuo (Husk of Kindness Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Pediatric head/body malignant sores, calcine to powder, mix with oil and apply. Or add a little Qing Fen (Li Shizhen).
Zhu Shi (Bamboo Seeds)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Opens spirit, lightens body, benefits qi (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
[Fa Ming / Elucidation] *Ben Cao Bie Lu* says: Zhu Shi comes from Yizhou.
Tao Hongjing said: Zhu Shi comes from Lantian. Jiangdong has flowers but no seeds; recently spotted seeds like wheat, edible as rice.
Chen Cheng said: Old texts say Zhu Shi was food for phoenixes. Now near roads, bamboo blooms small white flowers like jujube flowers, bears seeds like wheat grains, odorless and astringent. Jiangzhe people call it Zhu Mi (Bamboo Rice), omen of famine, bamboo dies after. Surely not phoenix food. Recently a person from Yugan said: Zhu Shi as large as chicken eggs, wrapped in layers of leaves, sweeter than honey, makes chest cool, grows in deep lush bamboo forests. I obtained some, but dried out over time though taste remains. Thus phoenix food is extraordinary.
Li Shizhen said: According to Chen Cangqi's *Bencao*: Zhu Rou (Bamboo Flesh), also called Zhu Shi, grows on Ku Zhu branches, egg-sized, like meat chunks, highly toxic. Must boil twice in ash lye, refine, then eat like vegetables. Under-refined causes throat bleeding and nail shedding. This resembles Chen Cheng's description, likely same thing, but Ku Zhu variety is toxic. Different from Zhu Mi Zhu Shi.
Shan Bai Zhu (Small White Bamboo in Mountains)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Calcine to ash, apply to rotting carbuncles... [Text missing]
Bao Zhu (Firecracker Bamboo)
[Zhu Zhi / Therapeutic Actions] Expels evil qi and mountain spirits.
Shen Wei said: Li Tian's *Gaiwen Ji* states: Zhongsu's home was haunted by mountain spirits throwing stones at doors. Tian ordered firing dozens of bamboo poles in courtyard day and night, like New Year's Eve, haunting stopped.