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(Shangpin, High Grade) in *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica).

[Names] Bai Yuliang, recorded in *Bielu*.
Li Shizhen states: The stone contains fine powder resembling flour, hence the name "Yuliang" (Surplus Grain). It is commonly known as "Taiyi Yuyuliang" (Great One Yu's Surplus Grain). See the entry for Taiyi.
Su Song states: It is produced in abundance in Kuaiji Mountain. Locals say: In ancient times, Great Yu held a meeting at this place; the name "Yuliang" originated from this event.

[Collection and Explanation] *Bielu* states: Yuyuliang grows in the pools and marshes of the East Sea, as well as in mountain islands or within pools and marshes.
Tao Hongjing states: It is now mostly produced in Dongyang. Its shape resembles goose or duck eggs, with overlapping shells on the outside and yellow fine powder inside resembling Puhuang (Cattail Pollen). That without sand is superior. Recently, large quantities were obtained by excavating land in Maoshan; it was extremely fine and good, resembling Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), with layered cracks. The finest parts are purple and soft like flour, and do not feel gritty when chewed. It is used in *Xianjing* (Classic of Immortals) for ingestion. People in the south also refer to a vine growing in flat marshes, whose leaves resemble Bqie (Smilax), and whose roots form knotted tubers similar to Bqie but reddish in color and tasting like Shuyu (Dioscorea Opposita), calling it Yuyuliang. This resembles the mineral Yuyuliang found in pools and marshes. Some suspect that the current stone Yuyuliang is indeed Taiyi Yuyuliang.
Su Song states: It is currently only found in Zezhou and Luzhou. Old descriptions say it resembles goose or duck eggs with an outer shell. However, the illustrations in current maps show only mountain rock shapes, completely lacking the egg-like form, differing slightly from old descriptions. It can be collected at any time. Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi* (Insectary of Marvels) mentions a grass on Fuhai Island whose fruit tastes like barley, named Ziran Gu (Natural Grain) or also Yuyuliang. Legend has it that when Great Yu controlled the floods, he discarded his leftover food into the rivers, which turned into medicine. Thus, this grass shares the same name but is a different substance; or perhaps it is the same species as the mineral found in pools and marshes?
Li Shizhen states: Yuyuliang is the yellow powder within stones, growing in pools and marshes; what grows in mountains and valleys is Taiyi Yuyuliang. Originally, the rituals and culture were complete. Tao Hongjing cited the vine-grown Yuyuliang, and Su Song cited the grass-grown Yuyuliang. Although they share the name, their substances differ, making these references quite far-fetched. For details, see the entry for Taiyi Yuyuliang.

[Processing] Tao Hongjing states: When used, it must be finely ground and washed with water (taolao) to extract the juice, ensuring no sand or soil remains.
Su Song states: See Taiyi below.

[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, Cold, Non-toxic. *Bielu* states: Neutral. Wang Quan states: Salty.
Xu Zhicai states: Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) acts as its Shi (Guide Herb). It controls Wujin (Five Metals) and restrains Sanhuang (Three Yellows).

[Indications] Treats cough with qi rebellion, alternating chills and fever, chest fullness and irritability, dysentery with red and white discharge, blood obstruction, masses and accumulations, and high fever. Taken as refined pills, it suppresses hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Treats painful knots and irritability in the lower abdomen (*Bielu*). Mainly treats Bengzhong (Metrorrhagia) (Zhen Quan). Treats pathogenic factors, joint pain, numbness of the four limbs, and hemorrhoids. Long-term use enables resistance to cold and heat (Daming). Promotes childbirth and consolidates the Large Intestine (Li Shizhen).

[Elucidation] Cheng Wuji states: Heavy substances dispel fear. Due to its heaviness, Yuyuliang belongs to sedative and consolidating agents.
Li Shizhen states: Yuyuliang is a heavy agent for the Blood aspect of the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians. Its nature is astringent, thus it mainly treats various diseases of the anterior and posterior orifices of the Lower Jiao. Li Zhixian's poem says: "When diseases afflict the Lower Jiao and are hard to comprehend, one must use Yuliang and Chishizhi." *Baopuzi* states: Taking Yuyuliang Pills twice daily increases strength after three days, allowing one to carry heavy loads over long distances with a light body and no fatigue. The specific formulas are mostly not recorded.

[Attached Prescriptions] Three old prescriptions, six new ones.
Large Intestine Cough, where coughing leads to fecal incontinence: Treated with Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang. Formula is the same as below (*Jiegua Jiazhen*).
Cold consumption with unceasing intestinal diarrhea: Shenxiao Taiyi Dan: Yuyuliang 4 liang (calcined and quenched in vinegar), Aotou 1 liang (soaked in cold water overnight, skin and navel removed, dried). Grind into powder, make pills with vinegar paste the size of wutong seeds. Take 5 pills with warm water before each meal (*Shenghui Fang*).
Typhoid disease with unceasing dysentery, epigastric hardness, and diarrhea located in the Lower Jiao: Treated with Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang. Chishizhi and Yuyuliang, 1 jin each. Crush them, add 6 sheng of water, boil to obtain 2 sheng, remove dregs, and divide into two doses (*Zhongjing, Shanghan Lun*).
Red and White Leukorrhea: Yuyuliang (calcined and quenched in vinegar) and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) in equal parts. If red discharge predominates, reduce Ganjiang by half. Grind into powder. Take 2 qianbi on an empty stomach (*Shengjin Fang*).
Metrorrhagia and Metrorrhexis, with green, yellow, red, and white discharges causing infertility. Yuyuliang (finely ground), Chishizhi (finely ground), Muli (Oyster Shell, finely ground), Ouwugu (Cuttlefish Bone), Fulonggan (Dragon's House Earth, stir-fried), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig) in equal parts. Grind into powder. Take one fangcunbi with warm wine, twice daily. Avoid scallions and garlic (*Zhang Wenzhong, Beijifang*).
Intestinal Qi pain, lower abdominal pain in women: Yuyuliang ground into powder. Take 2 qian with rice drink, twice daily. Extremely effective (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*).
Postpartum Irritability: One piece of Yuyuliang resembling a sour filling. Bury half of it tightly in the ground, cover with 1 jin of charcoal ash. Cover with wet earth for one night. Break open, remove the outer stone, take the inner fine part, grind it, wash with water five or seven times, dry in the sun, and grind ten thousand times more. Take 2 qian with Licorice Decoction. Immediate effect after one dose (*Jingyan Fang*).
Scars on Body and Face: Yuyuliang and Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) in equal parts. Grind into powder, mix with egg yolk, and apply. First wipe the area dry with cloth, avoid wind exposure, apply three times daily. After ten days, even ten-year-old scars will disappear (*Shengji Lu*).
Severe Leprosy, with loss of eyebrows and hair, and generalized numbness/paralysis. Yuyuliang 2 jin, Baifan (Alumen) 1 jin, Qingyan (Green Salt) 1 jin. Grind into powder. Seal in a jar, calcine with one cheng of charcoal fire from Chen hour to Xu hour. Cool down, grind into powder, bury in soil for three days, then retrieve. For every 1 liang of powder, add 3 liang of Jiuzheng Jiubao Chao Shuma Mo (Nine-steamed, nine-sun-dried, roasted Sesame Seed Powder). Take 2 qian with Schizonepeta Tea, twice daily (*Shenghui Fang*).