（《本经》中品）
【校正】《别录》上品出马乳，今并为一。
【释名】时珍曰∶按许慎云∶马，武也。其字象头、髦、尾、足之形。牡马曰骘（音质），
曰儿；牝马曰 ，曰骒，曰草。去势曰骟。一岁曰 （音弦），二岁曰驹，三岁曰 （音桃），
八岁曰 。（音八）名色甚多，详见《尔雅》及《说文》。《梵书》谓马为阿湿婆。
【集解】《别录》曰∶马出云中平泽。
弘景曰∶马色类甚多，入药以纯白者为良。其口、眼、蹄皆白者，俗中时有两三尔。小
小用则不必拘也。
时珍曰∶《别录》以云中马为良。云中，今大同府也。大抵马以西北方者为胜，东南者
劣弱不及。马应月，故十二月而生。其年以齿别之。在畜属火，在辰属午。或云∶在卦属干，
属金。马之眼光照人全身者，其齿最少；光愈近，齿愈大。马食杜衡善走，食稻则足重，食
鼠屎则腹胀，食鸡粪则生骨眼。似僵蚕、乌梅拭牙则不食，得桑叶乃解。挂鼠野狼皮于槽亦不
食。遇海马骨则不行。以猪槽饲马，锻石泥马槽，马汗着门，并令马落驹。系猕猴于厩，辟
马病。皆物理当然耳。
肉（以纯白牡马者为良）
【气味】辛、苦，冷，有毒。
诜曰∶有小毒。士良曰∶有大毒。思邈曰∶无毒。
《日华》曰∶只堪煮食，余食难消。渍以清水，搦洗血尽乃煮。不然则毒不出，患疔肿。
或曰以冷水煮之，不可盖釜。
令人癫。马鞍下肉色黑及马自死者，并不可食，杀人。马黑脊而斑臂者漏，不可食。
萧炳曰∶患痢、生疥人勿食，必加剧。妊妇食之，令子过月；乳母食之，令子疳瘦。
诜曰∶同仓米、苍耳食，必得恶病，十有九死。同姜食，生气嗽。同猪肉食，成霍乱。
食马肉毒发心闷者，饮清酒则解，饮浊酒则加。
弘景曰∶秦穆公云∶食骏马肉不饮酒，必杀人。
时珍曰∶食马中毒者，饮芦根汁、食杏仁可解。
【主治】伤中，除热下气，长筋骨，强腰脊，壮健，强志轻身，不饥。作脯，治寒热痿
痹（《别录》）。煮汁，洗头疮白秃（时珍。出《圣惠》）。
【附方】旧一。
豌豆疮毒∶马肉煮清汁，洗之。（《兵部手集》）
膏（ ，马项上 也。白马者良）
【气味】甘，平，有小毒。《镜源》云∶马脂柔五金。
【主治】生发（《别录》）。治面 ，手足皴粗。入脂泽，用疗偏风口 僻（时
【发明】时珍曰∶按∶《灵枢经》云∶猝口僻急者，颊筋有寒，则急
则纵缓不收。以桑钩钩之，以生桑灰置坎中坐之，以马膏熨其急颊，以白酒和桂末涂其缓颊，
且饮美酒，啖炙肉，为之三拊而已。《灵枢》无注本，世多不知此方之妙。窃谓口颊 僻，
乃风中血脉也。手足阳明之筋络于口，会太阳之筋络于目。寒则筋急而僻，热则筋缓而纵。
故左中寒则逼热于右，右中寒则逼热于左，寒者急而热者缓也。急者皮肤顽痹，荣卫凝滞。
治法急者缓之，缓者急之。故用马膏之甘平柔缓，以摩其急，以润其痹，以通其血脉。用桂
酒之辛热急束，以涂其缓，以和其荣卫，以通其经络。桑能治风痹，通节窍也。病在上者，
酒以行之，甘以助之；故饮美酒，啖炙肉云。
乳
时珍曰∶汉时以马乳造为酒，置 马之官，谓 撞而成也。 音同。
【气味】甘，冷，无毒。
思邈曰∶性冷利。同鱼 食，作瘕。
【主治】止渴，（《别录》）治热。作酪，性
心（以下并用白马者良）
【主治】喜忘（
方寸
肺
【主治】寒热，小儿茎萎（掌禹锡曰∶小儿无茎萎之疾，疑误。时珍
无小儿二字）。
肝
【气味】有大毒。
弘景曰∶马肝及鞍下肉，杀人。
时珍曰∶按汉景帝云∶食肉毋食马肝。又汉武帝云∶文成食马肝而死。韦庄云∶食马留
肝
【附方】新一。
月水不通，心腹滞闷，四肢疼痛∶用赤马肝一片炙研，每食前热酒调服一钱。通乃止。
（《圣惠》）
肾
时珍曰∶按熊太古《冀越集》云∶马有墨在肾，牛有黄在胆，
狗宝之类，当有功用。惜乎前人不知，漫记于此以俟。
白马阴茎
【修治】藏器曰∶凡收，当取银色无病白马，春月游牝时，力势正强者，生取阴干，百
日用。
曰∶用时以铜刀破作七片，将生羊血拌蒸半日，晒干，以粗布拭去皮及干血，挫碎用。
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
【主治】伤中，脉绝阴不起，强志益气，长肌肉肥健，生子（《本经》）。小儿惊痫（《别
录》）。
日再。百日见效。甄权曰∶主男子阴痿，房中术偏用之）。
驹胞衣
【主治】妇人天癸不通。 存性为末，每服三钱，入麝香少许，空腹新汲水下，不过三
服，良（《孙氏集效》）。
眼（白马者，生杀取之）
【气味】平，无毒。
【主治】惊痫腹满疟疾（《本经》）。
小儿 病，与母带之（苏恭）。
夜眼（在足膝上。马有此能夜行，故名）
【主治】猝死尸厥，龋齿痛
【附方】旧一，新二。
猝死尸厥∶用白马前脚夜目二枚，白马尾十四茎，合烧，以苦酒丸如小豆大。白汤灌下
二丸，须臾再服，即苏。（《肘后》）
涎吐去，永断根源。或加生附子少许。《玉机微义》∶用马夜眼烧存性敷之，立愈。
牙齿（以下并用白马者良）
【气味】甘，平，有小毒。
【主治】小儿马痫。水磨服（《别录》）。烧灰唾和，涂痈疽疔肿，出
【附方】旧一，新三。
肠痈未成∶马牙烧灰，鸡子白和，涂之。（《千金方》）
疔肿未破∶白马齿烧灰，先以针刺破乃封之，用湿面围肿处，醋洗去之，根出大验。（《肘
后》）
赤根疔疮∶马牙齿捣末，腊猪脂和敷，根即出也。烧灰亦可。（《千金方》）
虫牙作痛∶马牙一枚， 热投醋中，七次，待冷含之，即止。（唐瑶《经验方》）
骨
【气味】有毒。
【主治】烧灰和醋，敷小儿头疮及身上疮（孟诜）。止邪疟。烧灰和油
头疮、阴疮、瘭疽有浆如火灼。敷乳头饮儿，止夜啼（时珍。出《短剧》、《外台》诸方）。
头骨
【气味】甘，微寒，有小毒。
藏器曰∶头骨埋于午地，宜蚕；浸于上流，绝水蜞虫。
【主治】喜眠，令人不睡。烧灰，水服方寸匕，日三夜一。作枕亦良
痛。烧灰，敷头、耳疮（《日华》）。疗马汗气入疮痛肿，烧灰敷之，白汁出，良（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
胆虚不眠∶用马头骨灰、乳香各一两，酸枣仁（炒）二两，为末。每服二钱，温酒服。
（《圣济》）
大。每服三十丸，竹叶汤下。（《圣惠方》）
小便洗数次，搽之。
胫骨
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】 存性，降阴火，中气不足者用之，可代黄芩、黄连（朱震亨）。
悬蹄（赤、白马俱入用）
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
甄权曰∶热。
【主治】惊邪螈 乳难，辟恶气鬼毒，蛊疰不祥（《本经》）。止衄血内漏，龋齿。赤马
者治妇人赤崩，白马者治漏下白崩（《别录》）。主癫痫、齿痛（《蜀本》）。疗肠痈，下瘀血，
带下，杀虫。又烧灰入盐少许，掺走马疳蚀，甚良（时珍。
疟（孟诜）。
【附方】旧四，新四。
血化为水也。（《刘涓子鬼遗方》）
妇人血病∶方同上。五色带下 白马左蹄烧灰。酒服方寸匕，日三。（《外台》）
痛∶其状两耳叶甲错，腹痛，或绕脐有疮如粟，皮热下脓血。用马蹄灰和鸡子白涂，即拔毒
气出。（《千金》）
虫蚀肛烂见五脏则死∶以猪脂和马蹄灰，绵裹导入下部，日数度瘥。（《肘后方》）
龋齿疼痛∶削白马蹄塞之，不过三度。（《千金方》）
小儿头疮出脓，昼开夜合∶马蹄烧灰，生油调涂。（《圣惠方》）
小儿夜啼∶马蹄末，敷乳上饮之。（《普济》）
辟禳瘟疫∶以绛囊盛马蹄屑二两佩之，男左女右。（《肘后》）
皮
【主治】妇人临产，赤马皮催生，良（孟诜）。治小儿赤秃，以赤马皮、白马蹄烧灰，
和腊猪脂敷之，良（时珍。出《圣惠》）。
毛（即鬃也。一名鬣）
【气味】有毒。
【主治】小儿惊痫，女子崩中赤白（《别录》。思邈曰∶赤用赤马，白用白马）。
服止血，涂恶疮（《日华》）。
尾
【主治】女人崩中，小儿客忤（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶马尾，《济生方》治崩中，十灰散中用之。又《延寿书》云∶刷牙用
马尾，令齿疏损。近人多用烧灰揩拭，最腐齿龈。不可不知。
【附方】旧一，新一。
小儿客忤∶小儿中马毒客忤。烧马尾烟于前，每日熏之，瘥乃止。（《圣惠方》）
腹内蛇症∶白马尾切，酒服。初服长五分一匕，大者自出；次服三分者一匕，中者亦出；
更服二分者一匕，小者复出。不可顿服，杀人。（《千金方》）
脑
【气味】有毒。
诜曰∶食之令人癫。
【主治】断酒，腊月者温酒服之（孙思邈）。
血
【气味】有大毒。
诜曰∶凡生马血入人肉中，一二日便肿起，连心即死。有人剥马伤手，血入肉，一夜致
死。
汗
【气味】有大毒。
弘景曰∶患疮人，触马汗、马气、马毛、马尿、马屎者，并令加剧。
诜曰∶马汗入疮，毒攻心欲死者，烧粟秆灰淋汁浸洗，出白沫，乃毒瓦斯也。岭南有人用
此得力。
【附方】新二。
黥刺雕青∶以白马汗搽上，再以汗调水蛭末涂之。（子和）
饮酒欲断∶刮马汗，和酒服之。（《千金》）
白马溺
【气味】辛，微寒，有毒。
【主治】消渴，破症坚积聚，男子伏梁积疝，妇人瘕积，铜器承饮之（《别录》）。洗头
疮白秃，
【发明】时珍曰∶马尿治症瘕有验。按祖台之《志怪》云∶昔
奴死剖之，得一白鳖，赤眼仍活。以诸药纳口中，终不死。有人
缩。遂以灌之，即化成水。其人乃服白马尿而疾愈。此其征效也
治之。
【附方】旧二，新七。
肉症思肉∶用白马尿三升，空腹饮之，当吐肉出，不出者死（《千金》）。
食发成瘕∶咽中如有虫上下是也。白马尿饮之，佳。（《千金》）
伏梁心积∶铜器盛白马尿一升，旦旦服之，妙。（《短剧》）
妇人乳肿∶马尿涂之，立愈。（《产宝》）
小儿赤疵生身上者∶马尿频洗之。（《千金》）
虫牙疼痛∶随左右含马溺，不过三五度瘥。（《千金方》）
利骨取牙∶白马尿浸茄科三日，炒为末，点牙即落。或煎巴豆点牙亦落。勿近好牙。（鲍
氏）狐尿刺疮痛甚者∶热白马尿渍之。（《千金》）
痞块心痛∶僵蚕末二钱，白马尿调服，并敷块上。（《摘玄方》）
白马通
时珍曰∶马屎曰通，牛屎曰洞，猪屎曰零，皆讳其名也。凡屎必达胴肠乃出，故曰通，
曰洞。胴，即广肠也。
【气味】微温，无毒。
《镜源》云∶马屎 火，养一切药力。
【主治】止渴，止吐血、下血、鼻衄、金疮止血、妇人崩中（《别录
之才）。绞汁服，治产后诸血气，伤寒时疾当吐下者
汁三合，日夜各二服。又治杖疮、打损伤疮中风作痛者，炒热，包熨五十遍，极效
绞汁灌之，治猝中恶死。酒服，治产后寒热闷胀。烧灰水服，治久痢赤白。和猪脂，涂马咬
人疮，及马汗入疮，剥死马骨刺伤人，毒攻欲死者（时珍。出《短剧》诸方）。
【附方】旧四，新十六。
吐血不止∶烧白马通，以水研，绞汁一升服。（《梅师方》）
衄血不止∶《录验》∶用绵裹白马屎塞之。《千金》∶用赤马粪绞汁，
干者浸水亦可。
口鼻出血∶用赤马粪烧灰，温酒服一钱。（《钤方》）
久痢赤白∶马粪一丸烧灰，水服。（《肘后方》）
猝中恶死吐利不止，不知是何病，不拘大人小儿∶马粪一丸，绞汁灌之，干者水煮汁亦
可。此扁鹊法也。（《肘后》）
搅肠沙痛欲死者∶用马粪研汁饮之，立愈。（《经验方》）
小儿猝忤∶马屎三升烧末，以酒三斗，煮三沸，取汁浴儿。避风。（《千金》）
小儿 啼∶面青腹强，是忤客气。新马粪一团，绞汁灌之。（《
伤寒劳复∶马屎烧末，冷酒服方寸匕，便验。（《外台》）
热毒攻肢，手足肿痛欲脱∶以水煮马屎汁渍之。（《外台》）
风虫牙痛∶白马屎汁，随左右含之，不过三口愈。（《圣惠》）
鼻 不闻∶新马屎汁，仰头含满口，灌入鼻中即通。（《普济》）
筋骨伤破∶以热白马屎敷之，无瘢。（《千金》）
疔肿伤风作肿∶以马屎炒，熨疮上五十遍，极效。（《普济方》）
多年恶疮或痛痒生舋∶用马粪并齿同研烂，敷上，不过数次。武丞相在蜀时，胫有疮，
痒不可忍，用此而瘥。（《兵部手集》）
诸疮伤水或伤风寒痛剧∶用马屎烧烟熏，令汁出愈。（《千金方》）
冻指欲堕∶马粪煮水，渍半日即愈。（《千金》）
积聚胀满∶白马粪同蒜捣膏，敷患处，效。（《活人心统》）
一切漏疾∶白马通汁，每服一升，良。（《千金》）
屎中粟
【主治】金创，小儿客忤，寒热不能食（苏恭）。
丸）。
【附方】旧一。
(Middle Grade in *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Correction] *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians) lists Horse Milk as a Top Grade substance; now they are combined into one category.
[Names] Li Shizhen says: According to Xu Shen, "Ma" (Horse) represents martial power. Its character depicts the shape of the head, mane, tail, and feet. A male horse is called Zhi (Zhi), also Er; a female horse is called Ti (Ti), also Kuo (Kuo), also Cao. Castration is called Shan (Shan). A one-year-old horse is called Ju (Ju), a two-year-old is Ju, a three-year-old is Tao (Tao), and an eight-year-old is Ba (Ba). There are many names and colors, detailed in *Erya* and *Shuowen Jiezi*. The *Fan Shu* (Sanskrit texts) calls the horse Asva.
[Collection and Explanation] *Mingyi Bielu* says: Horses originate from the plains and marshes of Yunzhong.
Tao Hongjing says: There are many colors of horses; for medicinal use, pure white ones are best. Those with white mouths, eyes, and hooves are rare in common practice. For small doses, this need not be strictly observed.
Li Shizhen says: *Mingyi Bielu* considers horses from Yunzhong to be the best. Yunzhong is present-day Datong Prefecture. Generally, horses from the northwest are superior, while those from the southeast are inferior and weaker. Horses correspond to the moon, hence born in the twelfth lunar month. Their age is determined by teeth. Among animals, they belong to Fire; among Earthly Branches, they correspond to Wu (Horse). Some say: In the Eight Trigrams, they correspond to Qian (Heaven), belonging to Metal. Horses whose eye light shines on their whole body have the fewest teeth; the closer the light, the larger the teeth. Horses eating Du Heng (Duheng, *Adonis amurensis*) run well; eating rice makes their steps heavy; eating rat feces causes abdominal distension; eating chicken manure causes bone spurs. Rubbing teeth with substances like Jiang Can (Stiff Silkworm) or Wu Mei (Dark Plum) stops them from eating; getting Mulberry Leaves resolves this. Hanging Rat Skin or Wild Wolf Skin near the trough also prevents eating. Encountering Hai Ma Gu (Sea Horse Bone) stops movement. Feeding horses with pig troughs, plastering horse troughs with Duan Shi Ni (Iron Ore Mud), or having horse sweat touch doors all cause miscarriage in mares. Tying monkeys in the stable prevents horse diseases. These are natural principles.
Meat (Pure white male horse meat is best)
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, Bitter, Cold, Toxic.
Meng Shen says: Slightly toxic. Shi Liang says: Highly toxic. Sun Simiao says: Non-toxic.
*Rihua Bencao* says: Only suitable for boiling and eating; other methods are hard to digest. Soak in clear water, knead until blood is gone, then boil. Otherwise, toxins remain, causing Ding Zhong (carbuncles and sores). Some say boil in cold water, do not cover the pot.
It causes madness. Meat under the saddle that is black, and meat from horses that died naturally, must not be eaten; it is fatal. Horses with black backs and spotted arms suffer from Lou (fistula/sinus); do not eat.
Xiao Bing says: Do not eat if suffering from Dysentery or Scabies; it will worsen. If pregnant women eat it, the fetus may be overdue; if lactating mothers eat it, the infant suffers from Gan Jian (infantile malnutrition/emaciation).
Meng Shen says: Eating with grain store rice or Cang Er (Cocklebur) causes severe disease, nine out of ten die. Eating with Ginger causes Qi cough. Eating with Pork causes Huoluan (cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea).
For poisoning from eating horse meat causing heart oppression, drinking clear wine resolves it; drinking turbid wine aggravates it.
Tao Hongjing says: Duke Mu of Qin said: Eating fine horse meat without drinking wine is fatal.
Li Shizhen says: For poisoning from eating horse meat, drinking Reed Root juice or eating Almonds can resolve it.
[Indications] Treats Shang Zhong (internal injury), clears heat and directs Qi downward, strengthens sinews and bones, fortifies waist and spine, enhances vitality, steadies the will, lightens the body, and resists hunger. (From *Mingyi Bielu*). Boil juice to wash head sores and white baldness (Li Shizhen. From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription.
Pea Pox Toxin: Wash with clear juice boiled from horse meat. (*Bingbu Shouji*)
Ma Gao (Horse Fat, fat from the horse's neck. White horse fat is best)
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Neutral, slightly toxic. *Jingyuan* says: Horse fat softens the five metals.
[Indications] Promotes hair growth (*Mingyi Bielu*). Treats facial chapping and rough hands/feet. Added to cosmetics to treat Facial Paralysis (Bell's Palsy) (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen says: According to *Lingshu Jing*: Sudden facial paralysis involves cold in the cheek tendons, causing tension on the affected side and flaccidity on the opposite side. Use a mulberry hook, sit over a pit with raw mulberry ash, apply Ma Gao (Horse Fat) to the tense cheek, and apply Cinnamon powder mixed with white wine to the flaccid cheek. Drink good wine and eat roasted meat; pat three times to cure. *Lingshu* has no commentary, so few know its efficacy. I believe facial paralysis is Wind invading the vessels. The Yangming meridians connect to the mouth, Taiyang to the eyes. Cold causes tension and deviation; Heat causes flaccidity. Thus, cold on the left forces heat to the right, and vice versa. The tense side has skin numbness and stagnation of Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi). Treatment: relax tension, tighten flaccidity. Use Ma Gao's sweet, neutral, softening nature to massage the tense side, moisten numbness, and unblock vessels. Use Cinnamon Wine's pungent, hot, binding nature to coat the flaccid side, harmonize Ying and Wei, and unblock meridians. Mulberry treats Wind-Bi and opens joints. Disease is upper, so wine moves it, sweetness aids it; hence drink wine and eat meat.
Milk
Li Shizhen says: In Han times, horse milk was made into wine. An official "Dong Ma" was appointed; "Dong" means striking/beating to extract.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Cold, Non-toxic.
Sun Simiao says: Cold and purgative. Eating with Fish causes Jia masses.
[Indications] Stops thirst (*Mingyi Bielu*), treats Heat. Made into cheese, nature...
Heart (Use white horse heart)
[Indications] Forgetfulness... Square Inch...
Lung
[Indications] Chills and fever, pediatric priapism/atrophy (Zhang Yuxi says: Pediatric priapism is likely an error. Li Shizhen omits "pediatric").
Liver
[Flavor and Properties] Highly toxic.
Tao Hongjing says: Horse liver and saddle meat are fatal.
Li Shizhen says: Emperor Jing of Han said: Eat meat but not horse liver. Emperor Wu of Han said: Wencheng died from eating horse liver. Wei Zhuang said: Eating horse leaving the liver...
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Amenorrhea, chest/abdominal fullness, limb pain: Roast one slice of red horse liver, grind. Take 1 qian with warm wine before meals. Stop when flow resumes. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Kidney
Li Shizhen says: Xiong Taigu's *Jiyue Ji* says: Horses have ink in kidneys, cows have yellow gallstones, Dog Bao (Gallstone) etc., should have merit. Regretfully, predecessors did not know; recorded here for future reference.
White Horse Penis
[Preparation] Chen Zangqi says: Select silver-colored, healthy white horses during spring mating season when vigor is highest. Harvest alive, dry in shade, use after 100 days.
Someone says: Cut into seven pieces with a copper knife, steam with raw sheep blood for half a day, dry, rub off skin and dried blood with coarse cloth, crush and use.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Salty, Neutral, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats internal injury, pulse absence and impotence, strengthens will and boosts Qi, grows muscle and builds strength, promotes fertility (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Pediatric convulsions (*Mingyi Bielu*).
Twice daily. Effective after 100 days. Zhen Quan says: Treats male impotence, used in sexual arts.
Foal Placenta
[Indications] Amenorrhea in women. Calcined, powdered. Take 3 qian with a little Musk, swallowed with fresh water on an empty stomach. Not more than three doses. Effective (*Sunshi Jixiao Fang*).
Eye (White horse, harvested from live slaughter)
[Flavor and Properties] Neutral, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Convulsions, abdominal fullness, Malaria (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Pediatric ... disease, let mother wear it (Su Gong).
Night Eye (Located above knee/ankle. Named so because horses can see at night.)
[Indications] Sudden death/Sifu Jue (coma), Toothache
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, two new.
Sudden Death/Coma: Burn two Night Eyes from white horse front legs and fourteen tails. Form pills size of small beans with vinegar. Swallow two pills with warm water, repeat shortly after, patient revives. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
Saliva expelled, root removed forever. Or add raw Fuzi (Aconite). *Yuji Weiyi*: Apply calcined Night Eye powder, cures immediately.
Teeth (White horse teeth preferred)
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Pediatric Ma Xian (Horse Epilepsy). Grind with water and swallow (*Mingyi Bielu*). Burn to ash, mix with saliva, apply to carbuncles/sores, draws out...
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, three new.
Intestinal Abscess (unruptured): Burn horse teeth to ash, mix with egg white, apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Carbuncle (unruptured): Burn white horse teeth to ash, prick with needle first, apply ash, surround with wet dough, wash with vinegar to remove, root extracted. Very effective. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
Red-root Carbuncle: Grind horse teeth, mix with lard, apply. Root extracts. Ash also works. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Toothache from worms: One horse tooth, heat and dip in vinegar seven times. Cool and hold in mouth. Stops pain. (Tang Yao *Jingyan Fang*)
Bone
[Flavor and Properties] Toxic.
[Indications] Burn to ash, mix with vinegar, apply to pediatric head sores and body sores (Meng Shen). Stops evil Malaria. Burn to ash, mix with oil...
Head sores, genital sores, Phaco (acute abscess) with pus burning like fire. Apply to nipple for infants to suck, stops night crying (Li Shizhen. From *Duanju*, *Waitai Mi Yao*).
Skull
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Slightly Cold, slightly toxic.
Chen Zangqi says: Buried in Wu (South) earth, good for silkworms; soaked in upper stream, eliminates water leeches.
[Indications] Sleepiness, induces insomnia. Burn to ash, take 1 cun bi with water, three times day, once night. Good as pillow... Pain. Burn to ash, apply to head/ear sores (*Rihua*). Treats pain/swelling from horse sweat entering wounds, burn to ash, apply, white fluid appears, effective (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Three new.
Gallbladder Deficiency Insomnia: Horse skull ash, Frankincense each 1 liang, Fried Sour Jujube Seed 2 liang, powder. Take 2 qian with warm wine. (*Shengji Zonglu*)
Large. Take 30 pills, down with Bamboo Leaf decoction. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Wash with urine several times, apply.
Tibia
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Cold, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Calcined, descends deficient fire, for Middle Qi deficiency, replaces Huang Qin (Scutellaria) and Huang Lian (Coptis) (Zhu Zhenheng).
Suspensory Hoof (Red or White horse)
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, Neutral, Non-toxic.
Zhen Quan says: Hot.
[Indications] Evil Wind convulsions... difficult lactation, expels evil Qi/demon poison, Gu Zhu misfortune (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Stops epistaxis/internal bleeding, toothache. Red horse treats Red Beng (uterine bleeding); White horse treats Bai Beng (leukorrhea) (*Mingyi Bielu*). Main epilepsy, toothache (*Shu Ben*). Treats intestinal abscess, moves stasis, leukorrhea, kills parasites. Also burn to ash with salt, apply to Zou Ma Gan (noma/gangrene), very good (Li Shizhen.
Malaria (Meng Shen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Four old, four new.
Blood transforms into water. (*Liu Juanzi Guiyi Fang*)
Women's Blood Disease: Same formula above. Five-color Leukorrhea: Burn left hoof of white horse. Take 1 cun bi with wine, three times daily. (*Waitai Mi Yao*)
Pain: Ears crusted, abdominal pain, or sores around navel like millet, hot skin, discharging pus/blood. Apply hoof ash mixed with egg white, draws out toxin. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Worms erode anus, seeing viscera means death: Mix pig fat with hoof ash, wrap in silk, insert into lower part, several times daily until cured. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Toothache: Insert shaved white horse hoof, not more than three times. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Pediatric head sore with pus, open day/close night: Burn hoof ash, mix with raw oil, apply. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Pediatric night crying: Hoof powder, apply to milk, feed. (*Puji Fang*)
Expel Plague: Carry 2 liang hoof dust in red pouch, men left, women right. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
Skin
[Indications] Women in labor, red horse skin promotes delivery, effective (Meng Shen). Treats pediatric red baldness, mix red horse skin and white horse hoof ash with lard, apply, effective (Li Shizhen. From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*).
Hair (Mane. Also called Lie)
[Flavor and Properties] Toxic.
[Indications] Pediatric convulsions, women's metrorrhagia with red/white discharge (*Mingyi Bielu*. Sun Simiao says: Red for red, white for white).
Stops bleeding internally, applies to foul sores (*Rihua*).
Tail
[Indications] Women's metrorrhagia, pediatric Ke Wu (fright syndrome) (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen says: Horse tail is used in *Jisheng Fang* for metrorrhagia, and in Shihui San. *Yanshou Shu* says: Brushing teeth with horse tail damages teeth. Recently people burn ash to brush, most corrupts gums. Must know.
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, one new.
Pediatric Ke Wu: Child struck by horse poison/fright. Burn tail smoke in front, fumigate daily until cured. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Snake Syndrome in Abdomen: Cut white horse tail, take with wine. First dose: 5 fen length, large snake exits; second dose: 3 fen length, medium exits; third dose: 2 fen length, small exits. Do not take all at once, fatal. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Brain
[Flavor and Properties] Toxic.
Meng Shen says: Causes madness.
[Indications] Alcohol cessation, December brain taken with warm wine (Sun Simiao).
Blood
[Flavor and Properties] Highly toxic.
Meng Shen says: Raw horse blood entering flesh swells in 1-2 days, reaching heart is fatal. Someone cut hand skinning horse, blood entered, died overnight.
Sweat
[Flavor and Properties] Highly toxic.
Tao Hongjing says: Those with sores touching horse sweat, breath, hair, urine, feces worsen.
Meng Shen says: Horse sweat in sore, toxin attacking heart near death: Wash with lye from burnt millet stalks until white foam appears, that is the toxin. People in Lingnan use this effectively.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new.
Tattooing/Blue Ink: Apply white horse sweat, then mix sweat with Leech powder, apply. (Zhang Zihe)
Alcohol Cessation: Scrape horse sweat, mix with wine, take. (*Qianjin Fang*)
White Horse Urine
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, Slightly Cold, Toxic.
[Indications] Xiao Ke (Diabetes/Wasting-Thirst), breaks Jia/Ju masses, Male Fu Liang accumulation/Hernia, Female Jia Ju masses, drink from copper vessel (*Mingyi Bielu*). Wash head sores/white baldness,
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen says: Horse urine treats Jia Ju effectively. Zu Taizhi's *Zhi Guai* says: Once a slave died, autopsy found a living white turtle with red eyes. Meds failed. Someone... shrunk. Then poured [urine?] on it, turned to water. Person drank white horse urine and cured. This is evidence... Treat it.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old, seven new.
Flesh Syndrome craving meat: Drink 3 sheng white horse urine on empty stomach, vomit flesh out, if not, death. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Hair Mass forming Jia: Feeling of worm moving in throat. Drink white horse urine, good. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Fu Liang Heart Accumulation: Hold 1 sheng white horse urine in copper vessel, take daily, excellent. (*Duanju*)
Women's Breast Swelling: Apply horse urine, cures immediately. (*Chanbao*)
Pediatric Red Spots on Body: Wash frequently with horse urine. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Toothache from worms: Hold horse urine in affected side, 3-5 times cures. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Remove Bone/Tooth: Soak eggplant stem in white horse urine 3 days, roast to powder, apply to tooth, falls out. Or boil Croton seed, apply, falls out. Avoid good teeth. (Bao Shi) Fox Urine Thorn Sore severe pain: Soak in hot white horse urine. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Epigastric Mass Heart Pain: 2 qian Silkworm powder, mix with white horse urine, take and apply to mass. (*Zhaixuan Fang*)
White Horse Dung
Li Shizhen says: Horse dung is Tong, Cow dung is Dong, Pig dung is Ling, all euphemisms. All feces must reach Tong Chang (large intestine) to exit, hence Tong/Dong. Tong is Guang Chang.
[Flavor and Properties] Slightly Warm, Non-toxic.
*Jingyuan* says: Horse dung... fire, nourishes all medicinal powers.
[Indications] Stops thirst, stops hematemesis, hematochezia, epistaxis, traumatic bleeding, women's metrorrhagia (*Mingyi Bielu*... Zhang Zhicai). Juice treats postpartum blood/Qi disorders, Typhoid requiring emesis/purgation... 3 he, twice day/night. Also treats beating injuries/stroke pain, roast hot, wrap, press 50 times, very effective... Juice treats sudden evil death. Wine treats postpartum chills/fullness. Ash water treats chronic dysentery red/white. Mix with pork fat, apply to horse bite, horse sweat sore, dead horse bone splinter wound, toxin attacking heart near death (Li Shizhen. From *Duanju*).
[Attached Prescriptions] Four old, sixteen new.
Unstoppable Hematemesis: Burn white horse dung, grind with water, squeeze juice 1 sheng, take. (*Meishi Fang*)
Unstoppable Epistaxis: *Luyan*: Wrap white horse dung in silk, plug nose. *Qianjin*: Squeeze red horse dung juice, dry dung soaked in water also works.
Mouth/Nose Bleeding: Burn red horse dung to ash, take 1 qian with warm wine. (*Qianfang*)
Chronic Dysentery Red/White: Burn one pill-sized piece of horse dung, take with water. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Sudden Evil Death with Vomiting/Diarrhea, unknown disease, adult/child: One pill-sized horse dung, squeeze juice,灌 (pour). Dry dung boiled in water also works. This is Bian Que's method. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
Intestinal Sand Pain near death: Grind horse dung juice, drink, cures immediately. (*Jingyan Fang*)
Pediatric Sudden Fright: Burn 3 sheng horse dung to powder, boil in 3 dou wine 3 boils, take juice to bathe child. Avoid wind. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Pediatric... Crying: Blue face, stiff abdomen, is evil Qi. Fresh horse dung ball, squeeze juice, pour. (*...
Typhoid Relapse: Burn horse dung to powder, take 1 cun bi with cold wine, effective. (*Waitai Mi Yao*)
Heat Toxin attacking limbs, swollen painful hands/feels like falling off: Boil horse dung juice, soak. (*Waitai Mi Yao*)
Wind-Worm Toothache: Hold white horse dung juice in affected side, 3 mouthfuls cures. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Nasal Obstruction: New horse dung juice, hold full mouth, tilt head, pour into nose, clears immediately. (*Puji Fang*)
Bone/Tendon Injury: Apply hot white horse dung, no scar. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Carbuncle/Wind Swelling: Stir-fry horse dung, press on sore 50 times, very effective. (*Puji Fang*)
Old foul sore with pain/itch/crust: Grind horse dung and teeth together, apply, few times. Chancellor Wu in Shu had leg sore, unbearable itch, cured by this. (*Bingbu Shouji*)
All sores from water/wind-cold severe pain: Smoke burn horse dung, let juice come out, cures. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Frozen Finger about to fall: Boil horse dung water, soak half day, cures. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Accumulation/Bloating: Pound white horse dung with garlic to paste, apply, effective. (*Huoren Xintong*)
All Fistula Diseases: White horse dung juice, take 1 sheng, good. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Grains in Dung
[Indications] Traumatic wounds, pediatric Ke Wu, chills/fever inability to eat (Su Gong).
Pill).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old.