味甘，寒，无毒。主治瘀血，血瘕欲死，下血，止血，利小便，除小虫，去痹，除胸中
结热，止烦渴。逐水，大吐下。久服轻身，耐老。一名麦句姜，一名虾蟆蓝，一名豕首，一
名天门精，一名玉门精，一名彘颅，一名蟾蜍兰，一名觐，生平原川泽。五月采。（垣衣为
之使。）
此即今人呼为 ，亦名 首。夏月捣汁服之，以除热病。味至苦，而云甘，恐或非是。
（《大观》卷七，《政和》一八二页）
味苦、甘，平，无毒。主治金疮，止血，逐痛，出刺，除风痹内寒。止心烦，鼻衄，痈
疽，恶疮， 乳，妇人难产。久服轻身，耐老增寿。生太山山谷。二月、八月采。今处处有。
人言是蓼子，亦不尔。叶似酸浆，子似松子。而多入痈 方用之。（《大观》卷七，《政和》
一九一页）
味甘，平，无毒。主治心腹膀胱寒热，利小便，止血，消瘀血。久服轻身。益气力，延
年，神仙。生河东池泽。四月采。
此即蒲厘花上黄粉也，伺其有，便拂取之，甚治血，《仙经》亦用此。（《大观》卷七，《政
和》一八○页）
味甘，平，无毒。主治五脏心下邪气，口中烂臭，坚齿，明目，聪耳。久服轻身，耐老。
一名睢，一名醮。生南海池泽。
方药不复用，世人无采，彼土人亦不复识者。江南贡菁茅，一名香茅，以供宗庙缩酒，
或
Taste: Sweet; Nature: Cold; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Stasis blood (blood stasis), Xuejia (abdominal masses) in critical condition, lower bleeding, hemostasis, promoting urination, eliminating small parasites, removing bi-syndrome (obstruction syndrome), clearing heat accumulation in the chest, relieving irritability and thirst. Promotes water metabolism, induces severe vomiting and purgation. Long-term use lightens the body and resists aging. Alternate names: Maijujiang, Xiama Lan, Shishou, Tianmen Jing, Yumen Jing, Zhilu, Chan Chu Lan, Jin. Habitat: Plains and river marshes. Harvest time: May. (Huangyi [moss on walls] serves as its guiding herb.)
This is what people today call Tianmingjing, also known as Shishou. In summer, crush it to extract juice for oral administration to eliminate febrile diseases. The taste is extremely bitter, yet described as sweet here; this may be incorrect. (Da Guan Vol. 7, Zhenghe p. 182)
Taste: Bitter, Sweet; Nature: Neutral; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Metal wounds (traumatic injuries), hemostasis, relieving pain, extracting splinters, removing wind-bi with internal cold. Relieves mental restlessness, epistaxis (nosebleed), carbuncles and sores, malignant ulcers, difficult lactation, and difficult childbirth in women. Long-term use lightens the body, resists aging, and increases longevity. Habitat: Mountain valleys of Mount Tai. Harvest time: February and August. Currently available everywhere. Some say it is Polygonum seeds, but this is not the case. Leaves resemble Physalis alkekengi (Chinese lantern), seeds resemble pine nuts. It is frequently included in formulas for treating carbuncles and sores. (Da Guan Vol. 7, Zhenghe p. 191)
Taste: Sweet; Nature: Neutral; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Cold and heat sensations in the heart, abdomen, and bladder, promoting urination, hemostasis, resolving stasis blood. Long-term use lightens the body. Benefits qi and strength, extends life, and confers immortality. Habitat: Ponds and marshes in Hedong. Harvest time: April.
This is the yellow powder found on the flowers of Typha orientalis (cattail). When present, brush it off for collection. It is highly effective for treating blood disorders, and the Immortal Scriptures also utilize it. (Da Guan Vol. 7, Zhenghe p. 180)
Taste: Sweet; Nature: Neutral; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Evil qi under the heart in the five z-organs, foul odor from mouth decay, strengthening teeth, brightening eyes, and sharpening hearing. Long-term use lightens the body and resists aging. Alternate names: Sui, Jiao. Habitat: Ponds and marshes in the South Sea region.
It is no longer used in prescriptions, people do not gather it, and local inhabitants there no longer recognize it. Jiangnan presents Qingmao as tribute, also known as Xiangmao, to be used for pouring wine at ancestral temples, or...