味甘、辛，微温，无毒。主治消渴，阴痿不足，咳逆，胸膈间久寒，益气，除风湿痹，
治肺痿，下气，利小便，补五脏，通日月光。久服轻身长年，耐寒热。生华阴山谷，及太山，
大如指，长二、三寸，六面如削，白澈有光。其黄端白棱名黄石英，赤端名赤石英，青端名
青石英，黑端名黑石英。二月采，亦无时。（恶马目毒公。）
今医家用新安所出，极细长白澈者；寿阳八公山多大者，不正用之。《仙经》大小并有
用
大观》卷三，《政和》九二页）
味甘，平。主治黄胆，泄痢，肠 脓血，阴蚀，下血赤白，邪气，痈肿，疽，痔，恶疮，
头疡，疥瘙。久服补髓，益气，肥健，不饥，轻身，延年。五石脂各随五色补五脏。生南山
之阳山谷中。
青石脂
味酸，平，无毒。主养肝胆气，明目，治黄胆，泄痢，肠 ，女子带下百病，及疽痔，
恶疮。久服补髓，益气，不饥，延年。生齐区山及海崖，采无时。
赤石脂
味甘、酸、辛，大温，无毒。主养心气，明目，益精，治腹痛，泄 ，下痢赤白，小便
利，及痈疽疮痔，女子崩中漏下，产难，胞衣不出。久服补髓，好颜色，益智，不饥，轻身，
延年。生济南、射阳及太山之阴，采无时。（恶大黄，畏芫花。）
黄石脂
味苦，平，无毒。主养脾气，安五脏，调中，大人小儿泄痢肠 ，下脓血，去白虫，除
黄胆、痈疽虫。久服轻身延年。生嵩山，色如莺雏，采无时。曾青为之使，恶细辛，畏蜚蠊。
白石脂
味甘、酸，平，无毒。主治养肺气，浓肠，补骨髓，治五脏惊悸不足，心下烦，止腹痛，
下水，小肠 热溏，便脓血，女子崩中，漏下，赤白沃，排痈疽疮痔。久服安心，不饥，轻
身，长年。生太山之阴，采无时。得浓朴并米汁饮，止便脓。燕屎为之使，恶松脂，畏黄芩。
黑石脂
味咸，平，无毒。主治养肾气，强阴，主阴蚀疮，止肠 泄痢，治口疮咽痛。久服益气，
不饥，延年。一名石涅，一名石墨。出颖川阳城，采无时。
此五石脂如《本经》，治体亦相似。《别录》各条，所以具载，今世用赤石、白石二脂尔
。《仙经》亦用白石脂，以涂丹釜。好者出吴郡，犹与赤石脂同源。赤石脂多赤而色好，惟
可断下，不入五石散用。好者亦出武陵、建平、义阳。今五石散皆用义阳者，出KT 县界
东八十里，状如豚脑，色鲜红可爱，随采随复而生，不能断痢，而不用之。余三色脂有，而
无正用，黑石脂乃可画用尔。（《新修》二八、三○、三一页，《大观》卷三，《政和》九三、
九
(Bai Shiyin / White Quartz) Sweet and pungent in flavor, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. It treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst syndrome), insufficient Yang impotence, cough with reverse Qi, chronic cold in the chest and diaphragm, tonifies Qi, dispels wind-damp Bi obstruction, treats Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy), directs Qi downward, promotes urination, tonifies the Five Zang organs, and enhances vision to be as clear as the sun and moon. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prolongs life, enabling resistance to cold and heat. It grows in the valleys of Huayin and Mount Tai, is finger-sized, two or three cun long, with six faces cut smooth like a knife, white, transparent, and lustrous. Those with yellow tips and white edges are named Huang Shi Ying (Yellow Quartz); those with red tips, Chi Shi Ying (Red Quartz); those with green tips, Qing Shi Ying (Green Quartz); and those with black tips, Hei Shi Ying (Black Quartz). Harvested in the second lunar month, but can be gathered at any time. (Incompatible with Ma Mu Du Gong.)
Currently, physicians mostly use those from Xin'an, which are extremely slender, white, and transparent; those from Bagong Mountain in Shouyang are mostly large and irregular, and are not used. The *Xian Jing* (Immortal's Classic) uses both large and small stones.
(Qing Shi Zhi / Green Clay) Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It treats Huang Dan (Jaundice), Xie Li (Dysentery/Diarrhea), intestinal pus and blood, Yin Shi (Genital Erosion), bloody discharge of red and white, pathogenic factors, Yong Zhong (Carbuncles/Swellings), Ju (Furuncles), hemorrhoids, e chuang (Malignant Sores), Tou Yang (Head Ulcers), Jie Sao (Scabies). Long-term consumption nourishes marrow, tonifies Qi, makes the body robust and strong, reduces hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life. The five Shi Zhi (Clays) each correspond to their respective colors to tonify the Five Zang organs. It grows in the sunny valleys of Mount Nan.
Qing Shi Zhi (Green Clay)
Sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily nourishes the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder, brightens the eyes, treats Jaundice, dysentery/diarrhea, intestinal disorders, various leukorrhea diseases in women, as well as furuncles, hemorrhoids, and malignant sores. Long-term consumption nourishes marrow, tonifies Qi, reduces hunger, and prolongs life. It grows in Qiqu Mountain and sea cliffs, harvested without fixed timing.
Chi Shi Zhi (Red Clay)
Sweet, sour, and pungent in flavor, greatly warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily nourishes Heart Qi, brightens the eyes, benefits essence, treats abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery with red and white discharge, promotes urination, and treats carbuncles, sores, hemorrhoids, uterine bleeding and spotting in women, difficult labor, and retained placenta. Long-term consumption nourishes marrow, improves complexion, enhances wisdom, reduces hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life. It grows in Jinan, Sheyang, and the shady side of Mount Tai, harvested without fixed timing. (Incompatible with Da Huang, fears Yuan Hua.)
Huang Shi Zhi (Yellow Clay)
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily nourishes Spleen Qi, calms the Five Zang organs, regulates the Middle Jiao, treats diarrhea and dysentery with intestinal disorders in adults and children, discharges pus and blood, removes roundworms, and eliminates jaundice, carbuncles, and parasites. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prolongs life. It grows in Mount Song, colored like a young yellow bird, harvested without fixed timing. Zeng Qing serves as its guiding herb, incompatible with Xi Xin, fears Fei Lian.
Bai Shi Zhi (White Clay)
Sweet and sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily nourishes Lung Qi, thickens the intestines, nourishes bone marrow, treats palpitations and insufficiency due to fright affecting the Five Zang organs, vexation below the heart, stops abdominal pain, drains water-dampness, treats heat-induced loose stools in the Small Intestine with pus and blood in stool, uterine bleeding and spotting in women, red and white leukorrhea, and expels carbuncles, sores, and hemorrhoids. Long-term consumption calms the mind, reduces hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life. It grows on the shady side of Mount Tai, harvested without fixed timing. When combined with Hou Po and rice juice drink, it stops pus in stool. Yan Shi serves as its guiding herb, incompatible with Song Zhi, fears Huang Qin.
Hei Shi Zhi (Black Clay)
Salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily nourishes Kidney Qi, strengthens Yin, treats genital erosive sores, stops intestinal diarrhea and dysentery, and treats mouth ulcers and sore throat. Long-term consumption tonifies Qi, reduces hunger, and prolongs life. Also known as Shi Nie or Mo Shi. Produced in Yangcheng, Yingchuan, harvested without fixed timing.
These five Shi Zhi (Clays), as described in the *Ben Jing*, have similar therapeutic properties. The entries in the *Bie Lu* are recorded separately for completeness. Currently, only Chi Shi Zhi (Red Clay) and Bai Shi Zhi (White Clay) are used in practice. The *Xian Jing* also uses Bai Shi Zhi to coat cinnabar furnaces. High-quality Bai Shi Zhi comes from Wu Commandery, still sharing the same source as Chi Shi Zhi. Chi Shi Zhi is often reddish and has good color, but is only used to stop diarrhea/bleeding and is not included in the Wushi San (Five-Stone Powder). High-quality Chi Shi Zhi also comes from Wuling, Jianping, and Yiyang. Currently, the Wushi San all use Yiyang-produced clay, sourced eighty li east of KT County border, resembling pig brain, with lovely fresh red color, regenerating after harvesting, but unable to stop dysentery, thus not used. The other three clays exist but have no standard usage; Hei Shi Zhi is merely used for drawing/painting. (*Xin Xiu* pp. 28, 30, 31; *Da Guan* Vol. 3; *Zheng He* pp. 93-94)