味甘，平，无毒。主治咳逆上气，症瘕，血闭，漏下，除邪气。肢节不利，大饱绝力身
重。久服耐寒暑，不饥，轻身，飞行千里，神仙。一名石脑。生太山山谷。九月采。（杜仲
为之使，畏贝母、菖蒲、铁落。）
今人惟总呼为太一禹余粮，自专是禹余粮尔，无复识太一者，然治体亦相似，《仙经》
多
味甘，寒、平，无毒。主治咳逆，寒热，烦满，下利赤白，血闭，症瘕，大热。治小腹
痛结烦疼。练饵服之，不饥，轻身，延年。一名白余粮。生东海池泽，及山岛中或池泽中。
今多出东阳，形如鹅鸭卵，外有壳重叠，中有黄细末如蒲黄，无沙者为佳。近年茅山凿
地大得之，极精好。乃有紫华靡靡。《仙经》服食用之。南人又呼平泽中有一种藤，叶如菝
，根作块有节，似菝 而色赤，根形似薯蓣，谓为禹余粮。言昔禹行山乏食，采此以充粮，
而
必有余粮，今庐江闲便是也。适有人于铜官采空青于石坎，大得黄赤色石，极似今之余粮，
而色过赤好，疑此是太一也。彼人呼为雌黄，试涂物，正如雄黄色尔。（《新修》三四页，《大
观》卷三，《政和》九一页）
味辛，平，有毒。主镇精神，坚骨髓，通利五脏；除邪毒瓦斯，服之神仙。生益州，采无
时。
金之所生，处处皆有，梁、益、宁三州及建晋多有，出水沙中，作屑，谓之生金。辟恶
而有毒，不炼服之杀人。建、晋亦有金沙，出石中，烧熔鼓铸为 ，虽被火亦未熟，犹须更
炼。又高丽、扶南及西域外国成器，金皆炼熟可服。《仙经》以醢、蜜及猪肪、牡荆、酒辈
炼饵柔软，服之神仙。亦以合水银作丹砂外，医方都无用，当是犹虑其毒害故也。《仙方》
名金为太真。（《新修》三八页，《大观》卷四，《政和》一○九页）
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats cough with rebellious qi (cough and asthma), zheng jia masses (abdominal masses), blood obstruction, metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding), and expels pathogenic factors. It treats stiffness and discomfort in the limbs and joints, as well as exhaustion of strength and heaviness of the body caused by overeating. Long-term consumption enables one to withstand cold and heat, eliminates hunger, lightens the body, allows for flying a thousand li, and leads to immortality. Also known as Shi Nao (Stone Brain). Grows in the valleys of Mount Tai. Harvested in the ninth month. (Du Zhong [Eucommiae Cortex] serves as its assistant; it is incompatible with Bei Mu [Fritillariae Bulbus], Chang Pu [Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma], and Tie Luo [Iron Filings].)
Currently, people only generally refer to it as Tai Yi Yu Yu Liang (Great One's Yu Yu Grain), assuming it is simply Yu Yu Liang, without anyone recognizing the true Tai Yi anymore. However, their therapeutic properties are also similar, and the *Xian Jing* (Scripture of Immortals) mentions...
Sweet in taste, cold and neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats cough with rebellious qi, alternating chills and fever, irritability and fullness, dysentery with red and white discharge, blood obstruction, zheng jia masses, and excessive heat. It treats pain and knotting in the lower abdomen accompanied by irritability. After processing and taking as an electuary, it eliminates hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Also known as Bai Yu Liang (White Yu Grain). Grows in the pools and marshes of the East Sea, as well as in mountain islands or within pools and marshes. Currently, it is mostly produced in Dongyang. The shape resembles goose or duck eggs, with overlapping shells on the outside and fine yellow powder resembling Puhuang inside; those without sand are considered superior. In recent years, large quantities of extremely high-quality specimens have been obtained by excavating the ground at Maoshan. Some even have luxuriant purple flowers. The *Xian Jing* records its use as food. People in the south also say there is a vine in the plains and marshes whose leaves resemble Bqie [Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma], with tuberous roots that are jointed, similar to Bqie but reddish in color, and root shapes resembling Shanyu [Dioscoreae Rhizoma]; they call this Yu Yu Liang. They claim that when Yu the Great traveled through the mountains and lacked food, he gathered this to fill his stomach, and there was necessarily surplus grain; such places exist now in Lujiang. Recently, someone mining Kong Qing [Azurite] in stone pits at Tongguan found large amounts of yellow-red stones, which closely resembled the current Yu Liang but were redder and better in color; they suspected this might be Tai Yi. Locals called it Ci Huang [Orpiment]. When tested by smearing on objects, it looked exactly like Xiong Huang [Realgar]. (*Xinxiu Bencao* page 34, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 3, *Zhenghe Bencao* page 91)
Pungent in taste, neutral in nature, toxic. Its main functions are to calm the spirit, strengthen the bone marrow, and unblock the five zang organs; it expels pathogenic toxins and vapors, and consumption leads to immortality. Produced in Yizhou, harvested at any time.
Gold occurs everywhere. It is abundant in Liangzhou, Yizhou, Ningzhou, and Jianjin. Extracted from water sands in flake form, it is called raw gold. It has the property of warding off evil but is toxic; consuming it without refining will kill. Jianzhou and Jinzhou also produce gold sand, extracted from rocks. Even after smelting and casting into vessels, it may not be fully "cooked" (refined) and requires further processing. Additionally, gold vessels from Goguryeo, Funan, and other Western Regions countries are all refined sufficiently for consumption. The *Xian Jing* records that it should be processed with meat sauce, honey, lard, Mijing [Vitexis Trichotomae Fructus], wine, etc., to make it soft for electuary consumption, leading to immortality. Apart from being used to compound cinnabar with mercury, it is not used in medical prescriptions, likely due to concerns about its toxicity. The *Xian Fang* (Immortal Prescription) refers to gold as Tai Zhen. (*Xinxiu Bencao* page 38, *Daguan Bencao* Vol. 4, *Zhenghe Bencao* page 109)