味苦，平、微寒，无毒。主治风湿痹，历节痛，惊痫吐舌，悸气，贼风，鼠 ，痈肿，
暴症，逐水，治痿蹶。久服轻身明目。一名麋衔，一名承膏，一名承肌，一名无心，一名
无颠。生汉中川泽及宛朐、邯郸。七月采茎、叶，阴干。（得秦皮良。）世用亦少。（《大观》
卷七，《政和》一九○页）
大寒。主治漆疮，热疮，水肿。井中蓝，杀野葛、巴豆诸毒。
废井中多生苔萍，及砖土间生杂草、莱蓝，既解毒，在井中者弥佳，不应复别是一种名
井中蓝。井底泥至冷，亦治汤火灼疮，井华水又服炼法用之。（《大观》卷九，《政和》二三
八
味苦，平，无毒。主治五脏邪气，寒湿痹，四肢疼酸，膝冷痛。治百病，益气。吴名白
功草，楚名王孙，齐名长孙，一名黄孙，一名黄昏，一名海孙，一名蔓延。生海西川谷及汝
南城郭垣下。
今方家皆呼名黄昏，又云牡蒙，市人亦少识者。（《大观》卷九，《政和》二三七页）爵
床，味咸，寒，无毒。主治腰脊痛，不得着床，俯仰艰难，除热，可作浴汤。生汉中川谷及
田野。（《大观》卷九《政和》二三八页）
味甘，微温，无毒。主治胸胁逆气，咳嗽上气。
此药出近道，似细辛而大，色白易折。主气嗽方多用之。（《大观》卷九，《政和》二三
三页）
Weixian (Peucedani Decursivi Radix): Bitter in taste, neutral and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-dampness Bi syndrome (painful obstruction caused by wind and dampness pathogens), Li-jie pain (pain traversing all joints), epilepsy with tongue protrusion due to fright, palpitations and qi disorder, thief-wind (sudden exposure to pathogenic winds), shu-lou (scrofula or tuberculous lymphadenitis), carbuncles and swellings, sudden accumulation disorders, expels water retention, and treats wei-jue (flaccidity and weakness of the limbs). Long-term consumption lightens the body and improves vision. Also known as Mi-xian, Cheng-gao, Cheng-ji, Wu-xin, and Wu-dian. Grows in rivers and marshes of Hanzhong, as well as in Wanqu and Handan. The stems and leaves are harvested in the seventh lunar month and dried in the shade. (It works well when combined with Qinpi.) It is rarely used in practice nowadays. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 7; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 190)
Da Qing (Indigo Naturalis): Greatly cold in nature. It primarily treats qi-chuang (dermatitis caused by raw lacquer), re-chuang (heat-toxin sores), and edema. Jingzhong Lan (Polygoni Tinctorii Folium growing in wells) can detoxify various poisons such as Yege (Aconitum carmichaelii root) and Badou (Crotonis Fructus). Abandoned wells often grow moss, duckweed, and weeds like Songlan (Isatidis Radix) among bricks and soil. Since both can detoxify, those growing in wells are considered superior; they should not be classified as a separate entity named "Jingzhong Lan." Mud from the bottom of wells is extremely cold and also treats scalds and burns. Jinghua Shui (well water drawn at dawn) is also used in decoction and refining methods. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 9; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 238)
Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma): Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats evil qi in the five zang organs, cold-dampness Bi syndrome, soreness and pain in the four limbs, and cold pain in the knees. It treats various diseases and tonifies primordial qi. In the Wu region, it is called Baigongcao; in Chu, Wangsun; in Qi, Changsun. Other names include Huangsun, Huanghun, Haishen, and Manyan. It grows in valleys west of the sea and beneath the walls of Rucheng city.
Currently, physicians call it Huanghun, and some say it is Mumeng. Market people rarely recognize it. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 9; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 237)
Juechu (Justiciae Herba): Salty in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats lower back and spine pain, inability to lie flat, difficulty in bending and stretching, clears heat, and can be prepared as a bath decoction. It grows in valleys and fields of Hanzhong. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 9; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 238)
Baiqian (another entry): Sweet in taste, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats rebellious qi in the chest and hypochondrium, and cough with hyperactive qi.
This herb comes from nearby regions, resembling Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) but larger, white in color, and brittle. It is frequently used in formulas treating qi-related cough. (Da Guan Ben Cao, Vol. 9; Zheng He Ben Cao, p. 233)