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(Trichosanthes kirilowii seed / Momordica cochinchinensis seed) can eliminate cold phlegm in the stomach and stop vomiting of clear fluids; it is highly effective for immediate vomiting after eating. However, excessive dosage will disperse Qi (vital energy). It is also used for cold-induced sliding diarrhea of the Large Intestine, but must be combined with other herbs as adjuvants.

It originates from the Quercus tree (Oak), with leaves resembling those of the chestnut. It grows everywhere, but its wood is hard yet unsuitable for construction materials, which is a characteristic of this tree. In mountainous areas, people pound its kernels into flour for food, but this causes constipation by binding the intestines. Oak trees are excellent for making charcoal, surpassing other woods. Its shells can be used to dye black; if exposed to rainwater, the color becomes pale, inferior to those not exposed to rain. The Quercus variabilis (Chinese cork oak) also has shells, but fewer and less substantial than those of the Quercus.

Currently, people mix it with other herbs to dye facial hair.

(It also refers to Quercus variabilis) There are also knots/galls, though inferior to those of the Quercus; although hard, they are unsuitable for construction. Slightly roasted Quercus variabilis leaves, mixed with half the amount of stir-fried Sophora flower, ground into powder, and taken with rice water decoction, treat early-stage intestinal wind and bloody hemorrhoids, especially effective for cases with excess heat. It can also be made into charcoal, though inferior to Oak charcoal.

(It) is also effective in treating heat in the heart and lungs of horses.

Monks currently use it to make prayer beads, as mentioned in Buddhist scriptures. Only small, purple-red ones are considered superior. It is rarely used in medicine nowadays, though available in Xiluo.

When opened, the coconut contains juice like milk, extremely sweet and fragrant, possessing a unique aroma. Inside is a kernel resembling Trichosanthes fruit, white with fine protrusions, slightly hollow. The texture resembles pleats on a woman's skirt, and its taste matches the juice. Additionally, there is a layer of white flesh attached to the shell, which can be scraped off. Both the kernel and this flesh can be boiled with sugar to make a juice resembling white wine in color and taste. However, calling it "wine" was a forced name given by enthusiasts at the time. Its shell is used as a wine vessel; if the wine is poisoned, it boils. Nowadays, people lacquer the inside, completely defeating the purpose of using coconut shells.

(Burned) into black ash and combined with other herbs, it treats lung wind toxicity. Also, bark pieces with uniform purple-black floral patterns are used to wrap saddle bows and stirrups.

Now called "Three-Spring Willow," because it blooms three times a year. The flowers/meat are red, forming fine spikes. In Hexi, nomads use its smooth branches as whips. It is also abundant in the capital.

(Vines grow) and wither annually. Leaves resemble grape leaves; fruits resemble large Trichosanthes, turning reddish-yellow when ripe, with slight thorns that cannot pierce human skin. It grows south of Jingnan. It ripens in September and October; the seeds inside the fruit are called Mu Bie Zi (Momordica cochinchinensis seed). As long as the root survives, new shoots emerge in spring. Seeds with one pointed end are male. When planting, male and female plants must be paired and bound with hemp thread. During growth, the male plants are removed so that only the female plants bear fruit.