人参去芦锉细，如煎常药法，量水于银石器内，煎至一半，渣再煎两度，去渣，遂以所煎汁，文武火熬稠
而止，诸药煎膏效此。（《丹溪纂要》）
附汤，治气虚阳弱，虚汗不止，肢体倦怠。
黄 （去芦蜜炙） 附子（炮去皮脐等分）
上 咀，每服四钱，水二盏，生姜十片，煎至八分，去
滓食前温服，不拘时候。（《济生续方》）（按∶此方本出《魏氏》，治盗汗。）
参附汤，治真阳不足，上气喘急，自汗盗汗，气虚头晕。但是阳虚气弱之证，并宜服之。
人参（半两） 附子（炮去皮脐一两）
上 咀，分作三服，水二盏，生姜十片，煎至八分，去滓食前温服。（同上）（按∶此本《圣济》治脾虚
人参汤。）《兰台轨范》治阴阳血气暴脱证，此亦急救之方。（按∶《魏氏》沉附汤，治下虚上盛，气不升降，
用附子、沉香、人参，严氏去人参，今并不录。）
补兼宁心诸方 大建中汤，治五劳七伤，小腹急，小便黄赤，尿有余沥，梦与鬼神交通，失精，惊恐
虚乏方。（节录）
饴糖（半斤） 黄 远志 当归（千金翼无） 泽泻（各三两）
芍药 人参 龙骨 甘草（各二两） 生姜（八两） 大枣（二十枚）
上十一味 咀，以水一斗，煮取二升半，汤成内糖令烊，一服八合。消息，又一服。（《千金》）《简易》
引《究原方》，去饴糖、大枣，治小腹急痛，便溺失精，虚热盗汗，四体倦怠，支节烦疼，口苦舌涩，心怔气
短，日渐羸弱。《素问》云，肾病传心，筋脉相引而急，小腹痛热，出白液。《左传》云，丧志名为蛊病，乃
真精不守也。若小便滑数，日夜无度，由脬门不闭，水液不藏，因思虑过多，心气散溢，服之甚妙，气弱甚者，
加熟附二两。腰痛筋急，加官桂。《管见良方》治思虑太过，心气耗弱，阳气流散，精神不收，阴无所归，小
便或赤或白，甚则尿精滑数，夜梦鬼交，于本方加石莲肉。
枣仁汤，治大虚劳，梦泄精，茎核微弱，血气枯竭，或
醉饱伤于房室，惊惕忪悸，小腹里急方。
枣核仁（二合） 人参（二两） 芍药 桂心（各一两） 黄 甘草 茯苓 白龙骨 牡蛎（各二两）
生姜（二片） 半夏（一升） 泽泻（一两）
上十二味 咀，以水九升，煮取四升，一服七合，日三。若不能食，小腹急，加桂心六两。（《千金》）
《圣惠》治虚劳少气，四肢疼痛，心神烦热，不得睡卧，人参散，于本方去桂心、茯苓、半夏、泽泻，加麦门
冬、当归、白术。《鸡峰》人参煮散，治虚劳惊悸，心神不安，于本方去茯苓、生姜、半夏，加远志、茯神。
归脾汤，饮食太饱伤脾，脾伤则面黄善卧，宜此方主之。（《医方考》）（按∶此系加当归、远志者，归
脾汤方见后《健忘》中。）
茸朱丹，治心虚血少，神志不宁，惊惕恍惚，夜多异梦，睡卧不安。
鹿茸（去毛酒蒸一两） 朱砂（半两细研水飞蜜炒尤佳）
上为细末，煮枣圈肉为丸，如梧桐子大，每服四十丸，炒酸枣仁煎汤送下，午前临卧服之。（《济生续方》）
补阴诸方 六味地黄丸（原作《金匮》肾气丸，方后曰∶即六味地黄丸。今据改订），治形体瘦弱，
无力多困，肾气久虚，久新憔悴，寝汗发热，五脏齐损，遗精便血。
山药 山茱萸（各四两） 泽泻 牡丹皮 白茯苓（各三两） 熟地黄（八两）
上为末，蜜丸桐子大，服五六十丸，空心温水下。（《丹溪》）（按∶此方本出《小儿直指》。）又八物
肾气丸，平补肾气，坚齿驻颜，于本方加桂、五味。（按∶肾气丸长服，去附子，加五味子，本出《肘后》。）
《医方考》肾劳，背
难俯仰，小便不利，有余沥，囊湿生疮，小腹里急，便赤黄者，六味地黄丸加黄柏、知母主之。人有终朝咳嗽，
吐痰微喘，若少行动，则短气不足以息。人以为心火之刑肺，谁知是肺气之自损乎。治法宜大补肺气，兼补肾
水。方用六味汤，加麦冬、五味子，大剂与之，久服肾旺而肺亦旺也。（《辨证录》）
治肾脏虚弱，面色黧黑，足冷足肿，耳鸣耳聋，肢体羸瘦，足膝软弱，小便不利，或多或少，腰脊疼痛，
用八味丸加鹿茸、五味子，名十补丸。（《保元》）
大补元煎，治男妇气血大坏，精神失守，危剧等证，此回天赞化救本培元第一要方。
人参（补气补阳，以此为主，少则用一二钱，多则用一二两。）
山药（炒二钱） 熟地（补精补阴，以此为主，少则用二三钱，多则用二三两。） 杜仲（二钱） 当归
（二三钱若泄泻者去之） 山茱萸（一钱如畏酸吞酸者去之） 枸杞（二三钱） 炙甘草（一二钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如元阳不足多寒者，于本方加附子、肉桂、炮姜之类，随宜用之。（《景岳》）
大营煎，治真阴精血亏损，及妇人经迟血少，腰膝筋骨疼痛。
当归（二三钱或五钱） 熟地（三五七钱） 枸杞（二钱） 炙甘草（一二钱） 杜仲（二钱） 牛膝（一
钱半） 肉桂（一二钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如寒滞在经，气血不能流通，筋骨疼痛之甚者，必加制附子一二钱方效。
（同上）
治虚劳，益脏气，久服轻身驻颜色，治精少，强志力，补虚损，宜服地黄煎丸方。
生地黄（五斤净洗肥好者） 巨藤子（三两） 牛膝（三两去苗）
桂心（三两） 生黄精（五斤，净洗，同地黄于木臼中烂捣，绞取汁，旋更入酒三升，于银锅中慢火熬成膏。）
附子（三两） 干漆（三两捣碎炒令烟出） 肉苁蓉（三两） 补骨脂（三两） 菟丝子（三两） 鹿角胶（三
两捣碎炒令黄燥）
上件药捣罗为末，入地黄、黄精膏中，和捣千余杵，丸如梧桐子大，每日空心，以温酒下三十丸，晚食前
再服。（《圣惠》）
宣和赐 丝丸，治少年色欲过度，精血耗竭，心肾气惫，遗泄白浊，腰背疼痛，面色黧黑，耳聋目昏，口
干脚弱，消渴便利，梦与鬼交，庶事不举。
当归（酒浸焙干半斤） 菟丝子（酒浸去土乘湿研破焙干秤一斤）
薏苡仁 茯神（去木） 石莲肉（去皮） 鹿角霜 熟地黄（各四两）
上为末，用黄 二斤椎碎，水六升浸一宿，次早挪洗味淡，去滓，于银石器中熬汁成膏，搜和得所，捣数
千杵，丸如梧子大，每服五十丸，加至百丸，米汤、温酒任下，空心服。常服守中安神，禁固精血，益气驻颜，
延年不老。（《三因》）（按∶宋人甚多此类方，今姑录存以上二首。）
治肾脏虚冷，骨痿少力，腰膝沉重，行步艰难，气虚，不思饮食，补骨脂丸方。
补骨脂（二两微炒） 胡芦巴（一两微炒） 胡桃瓤（不计多少）
上件药三味，先捣罗二味为末，后用胡桃捣和烂，入糯米粥少许为丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，温酒下，
盐汤亦得，空心食前。（《济补方》）（按∶此方本是唐郑相国所传，用补骨脂胡桃二味，见《本草图经》引。）
地仙丹，既济水火，温补下元，明目乌髭须，化痰进食，理气壮筋骨，及腰疼膀胱疝气皆治。
杜仲（一斤，净洗，用姜汁浸一宿，慢火炒去丝尽，再用盐一两，和好酒洒在内，再炒香为度。） 小茴
香（四两，盐二钱，炒黄用。）
破故纸（六两，盐三钱，炒黄为度。） 川椒（去目及枝梗，十二两，炒去汗。） 枸杞子（十两） 南木
香（三两不见火） 石莲肉（半斤不去心） 白茯苓（去皮四两半） 胡桃仁（十五两）
上细末，酒糊丸，如梧桐子大，每服四五十丸，空心温酒送下，干物压之。（《经验秘方》）
凡男女因积劳虚损，或大病后不复常云云。乌雌鸡一头，治如食法，以生地黄一斤切，饴糖二升，内腹内，
急缚，铜器贮甑中，蒸五升米久，须臾取出，食肉饮汁，勿啖盐三月，三度作之。姚云神良，并止盗汗。（《肘
后》）
黑丸，治精血耗竭，面色黧黑，耳聋目昏，口干多渴，腰痛脚弱，小便白浊，上燥下寒，不受峻补。
鹿茸（酒浸） 当归（去芦酒浸）
上等分为细末，煮乌梅膏子为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，空心用米饮送下。（《济生》）
鹿茸酒，治虚弱，阳事不举，面色无光，小便频数，不思饮食。
嫩鹿茸（半两多用一两去毛切作片） 干山药（一两为末）
上以生薄绢裹，用官酒一瓶，浸七日后，开瓶饮酒，日三盏为度。酒尽，再将酒一瓶浸，吃了，却将鹿茸
焙干，留为补药内服之，极妙。（《奇效》）
肉丹，治一切虚弱之疾。有人病羸瘦，将不起，只服二十服，其病顿愈，颜状反如少年。
腽肭脐（一两） 鹿茸（切片焙干二两各酒浸一宿）
上为末，酒面糊丸，梧桐子大，每服十五丸，或二十丸。空心米饮下。（《方氏》）
养心∶牛肉、羊肉、雀肉、莲子肉、干山药、藕节。
上各五斤，制熟为末，酒糊丸如弹子大，每服三五丸，温酒下。（《经验秘方》）
固本丸，治男子久邪气入肾脏，或将近作劳，不进食饮，精神短少。
牛肉（去脂膜净五斤，以胡椒、川椒各二两，盐四两，淹 一宿，蒸熟晒干为末，每绞肉一斤，用下项药）
干山药 五味子 枸杞子（各四两） 生地黄 熟地黄（各二两）
上为细末，牛生乳汁作面糊为丸，如梧子大，每服五十丸至一百丸，空心温酒送下，日进二服。（同上）
返本丸，补诸虚百损。
黄犍牛肉（不拘多少，去筋膜切片，以河水洗数遍，令血水尽，仍浸一宿，次日再洗一二遍，水清为度，用
无灰好酒入瓷坛内，重泥封固，桑柴文武火烧一昼夜，取出如黄沙为佳，焦黑无用。焙干为末，每用末半斤，
入后药末一斤为则。） 山药（葱盐炒去葱盐） 莲肉（去心葱盐炒去葱盐） 白茯苓（各四两） 小茴香（微
炒四两）
上为细末和匀，用好红枣不拘多少，蒸之大烂，剥去皮核，研为膏，加好酒，入前药和剂为丸，如梧桐子
大，晒干，空心温酒下五十丸，日进三服。久服，止一服。切忌用面糊、米饮之类为丸，不效。（《乾坤生意》）
积善堂滋补诸方，名还元丹。
乌骨鸡丸（《秘旨》），治妇人郁结不舒，蒸热咳嗽，月事不调，或久闭不行，或倒经血溢于上，或产后
褥劳，或崩淋不止，及带下赤白、白淫诸证，兼疗男子 丧太早，劳嗽吐红，成虚损者。
乌骨白丝毛鸡（一只，男雌女雄，取嫩长者，倒溺泡去毛，竹
刀剖胁，出肫肝，去秽留内金，并去肠垢，仍入腹内。） 北五味（一两碎） 熟地黄（四两，如血热，加生地
黄二两。）
上二味入鸡腹内，用陈酒、酒酿、童便，于砂锅中，煮糜烂汁尽。
绵黄 （去皮蜜酒拌炙） 于术（饭上蒸九次各三两） 白茯苓（去皮） 当归身（酒洗） 白芍药（酒
炒各二两）
上五味预为粗末，同鸡肉捣烂焙干，骨用酥炙，共为细末，入下项药∶
人参（三两虚甚加至六两） 牡丹皮（二两酒炒匀净） 川芎（一两童便浸切晒）
上三味各为细末，和前药中，另用干山药末六两打糊，众手丸成，晒干勿令馊，瓷罐收贮，清晨人参汤
或沸汤送下三钱，卧时醇酒再服二钱。大便实者，炼白蜜为丸亦可。（《医通》）（按∶《摄生众妙方》所载，
品味稍繁。又《医方摘要》亦有之，更冗。）
阴阳双补诸方 凝唾汤，治虚损短气，咽喉凝唾不出，如胶塞喉方。
茯苓 人参（各半两） 前胡（三两） 甘草（一两） 大枣（三十枚）
麦门冬（五两） 干地黄 桂心 芍药（各一两）
上九味 咀，以水九升，煮取三升，分温三服。（一名茯苓汤）（《千金》）
治脾劳，四肢疼痛，不思饮食，宜鳖甲散方。
鳖甲（一两） 人参（三分） 赤芍药 当归 赤茯苓 芎 白术（各半两） 黄 （一两半） 柴胡
（一两去苗） 甘草（一分） 木香（半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散，每服四钱，以水一中盏，入生姜半分，煎至六分，去滓食前温服。忌苋菜。
（《圣惠》）
（按∶此方无类可附，姑列于此。）《魏氏》木香黄 汤，治虚劳荣卫不和，时或潮热，夜有盗汗，口干引饮，
四肢无力，肌体黄瘦，于本方去鳖甲、当归、芎 ，加肉桂、牡蛎。
补血益气，治虚劳少力，双和散。
黄 （蜜涂炙） 熟地黄（酒洒九蒸九曝焙干秤） 当归（洗去芦薄切焙干） 川芎（各一两） 白芍药
（二两半） 官桂（去粗皮不见火） 甘草（炙各三分）
上为粗末，每服四大钱，水一盏半，生姜三片，肥枣一个，煎至八分，去滓服。予制此方，止是建中、四
物二方而已，每伤寒、疟疾、中暑，大疾之后，虚劳气乏者，以此调治皆验，不热不冷，温而有补。（《本事》）
八物汤，治心肺虚损，皮聚而毛落，血脉虚损。妇人月水愆期，宜益气和血。
白术 人参 黄 茯苓 川芎 熟地黄 当归 芍药（各等分）
上粗末，服五七钱，水一盏，煎至七分去滓，食后温服。（《保命集》）
洁古虚损人参黄 汤，于本方去川芎、地黄、芍药，加陈皮、甘草。（《纲目》引）
Ginseng (Ren Shen) with the rhizome removed is finely chopped. It is decocted like ordinary herbs: water is added in a silver or earthenware vessel, and boiled until half remains. The dregs are decocted twice more, then filtered. The collected liquid is concentrated over alternating mild and strong heat until thick. This is the method for making pastes from various herbs. (From *Danxi Cuanyao*)
Fuzi Decoction treats Qi deficiency and Yang weakness, unremitting spontaneous sweating, and limb fatigue.
Astragalus Root (Huangqi), rhizome removed, honey-fried; Aconite Root (Fuzi), processed, skin and umbilicus removed, equal parts.
Crush these ingredients. Take 4 qian per dose with 2 zhan of water and 10 slices of fresh ginger. Boil to 8 fen, filter, and take warm before meals at any time. (From *Jisheng Xufang*) [Note: This formula originally comes from *Wei Shi*, treating night sweats.]
Shenfu Decoction treats insufficiency of true Yang, rapid upper-body breathing, spontaneous and night sweats, and dizziness due to Qi deficiency. It is suitable for all conditions of Yang deficiency and Qi weakness.
Ginseng Root (Renshen), 0.5 liang; Aconite Root (Fuzi), processed, skin and umbilicus removed, 1 liang.
Crush these ingredients. Divide into three doses. Use 2 zhan of water and 10 slices of fresh ginger. Boil to 8 fen, filter, and take warm before meals. (Ibid.) [Note: This was originally the Ginseng Decoction for Spleen deficiency in *Shengji Zonglu*. *Lantai Guifan* uses it for sudden collapse of Yin-Yang, Blood, and Qi; it is also an emergency rescue formula. Note: *Wei Shi*'en Chenfu Tang treats lower deficiency with upper excess and impaired Qi movement, using Fuzi, Aquilaria Wood (Chenxiang), and Renshen. Yan's version removes Renshen; neither is recorded here.]
Various formulas for tonification and calming the Heart:
Dajianzhong Decoction treats five labors and seven injuries, abdominal urgency, yellow-red urine, dribbling after urination, dreams of intercourse with spirits, spermatorrhea, and deficiency-fatigue from fright. (Excerpt)
Malt Sugar (Yitang), 0.5 jin; Astragalus Root (Huangqi); Polygala Root (Yuanzhi); Angelica Root (Danggui) [absent in *Qianjin Yi*]; Alisma Rhizome (Zexie), each 3 liang; Paeonia Root (Shaoyao); Ginseng Root (Renshen); Dragon Bone (Longgu); Licorice Root (Gancao), each 2 liang; Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang), 8 liang; Jujube (Dazao), 20 pieces.
Crush these eleven ingredients. Boil in 1 dou of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Add malt sugar when ready and melt it. Take 8 ge per dose. Adjust as needed, another dose may follow. (From *Qianjin Fang*) *Jianyi Fang* cites *Jiuyuan Fang*, removing Yitang and Dazao, to treat abdominal urgency/pain, loss of essence in urination/defecation, deficiency-heat night sweats, four-limb fatigue, joint pain, bitter taste, dry tongue, palpitations, shortness of breath, and gradual emaciation. *Suwen* states: Kidney disease transmitting to the Heart causes muscle/tendon traction and urgency, lower abdominal heat, and discharge of white fluid. *Zuo Zhuan* states: Loss of spirit is called "Gu" disease, indicating failure of true essence to remain. If urine is slippery and frequent without restraint, it is due to the bladder gate not closing and fluids failing to store; caused by excessive thought scattering Heart Qi. This formula is excellent. For severe Qi deficiency, add 2 liang of prepared Fuzi. For lower back pain and tendon stiffness, add Guizhi. *Guanjian Liangfang* treats excessive thought consuming Heart Qi, dissipating Yang Qi, failing to gather Spirit, leaving Yin unrooted, causing red or white urine, even spermatorrhea/frequent urination, and nocturnal dreams of ghost intercourse; add Lotus Seed Flesh (Shilian Rou) to this formula.
Zaoren Decoction treats severe deficiency labor, nocturnal emission, weak penis/testicles, depletion of Blood and Qi, or injury from sex after drunkenness/fullness, fright, palpitations, and abdominal urgency.
Sour Jujube Kernel (Zaoren), 2 he; Ginseng Root (Renshen), 2 liang; Paeonia Root (Shaoyao); Cinnamon Twig (Guixin), each 1 liang; Astragalus Root (Huangqi); Licorice Root (Gancao); Poria (Fuling); White Dragon Bone (Bailonggu); Oyster Shell (Muli), each 2 liang; Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang), 2 slices; Pinellia Tuber (Banxia), 1 sheng; Alisma Rhizome (Zexie), 1 liang.
Crush these twelve ingredients. Boil in 9 sheng of water to obtain 4 sheng. Take 7 ge per dose, three times daily. If unable to eat and abdominal urgency exists, add 6 liang of Guixin. (From *Qianjin Fang*) *Shenghui Fang* uses Ren Shen San for deficiency labor with shortness of Qi, limb pain, mental restlessness/heat, and insomnia; remove Guixin, Fuling, Banxia, Zexie from this formula, add Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Danggui, Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu). *Jifeng* Ren Shen Zhu San treats deficiency labor with palpitations and unsettled mind; remove Fuling, Shengjiang, Banxia, add Yuanzhi, Tianma (Fushen - note: text says Fushen).
Guipi Decoction treats spleen damage from overeating; spleen damage causes yellow complexion and propensity to sleep. This formula is indicated. (From *Yifang Kao*) [Note: This refers to the version adding Danggui and Yuanzhi; see Guipi Decoction under "Forgetfulness" later.]
Rongzhu Dan treats Heart deficiency with low Blood, restless spirit, fright/confusion, vivid dreams, and disturbed sleep.
Deer Antler (Lurong), hair removed, steamed in wine, 1 liang; Cinnabar (Zhusha), 0.5 liang, finely ground, water-washed, honey-fried (preferred).
Grind to fine powder. Make pills with cooked jujube flesh, size of Sophora seeds. Take 40 pills per dose, delivered with decoction of fried sour jujube kernels. Take before noon and before bed. (From *Jisheng Xufang*)
Various Yin-tonifying formulas:
Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Original title *Jinkui* Shenqi Wan, post-script says: i.e., Liuwei Dihuang Wan. Revised here). Treats emaciation, weakness/fatigue, chronic Kidney Qi deficiency, chronic/worsening debility, night sweats with fever, simultaneous damage of five Zang organs, spermatorrhea, and blood in stool/urine.
Chinese Yam (Shanyao); Cornelian Cherry Fruit (Shanzhuyu), each 4 liang; Alisma Rhizome (Zexie); Moutan Bark (Mudanpi); White Poria (Bailingfu), each 3 liang; Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), 8 liang.
Grind to powder. Honey-pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 50-60 pills, warm water on empty stomach. (From *Danxi Xinfa*) [Note: Originally from *Xiao'er Yaozheng Zhijue*.] There is also Bawu Shenqi Wan, which gently tonifies Kidney Qi, strengthens teeth, and preserves youth; add Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) and Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi) to this formula. [Note: For long-term use of Shenqi Wan, remove Fuzi, add Wuweizi; originally from *Zhouhou Fang*.] *Yifang Kao* records Kidney Labor: difficulty bending/extending back, difficult urination with dribbling, damp scrotum with sores, abdominal urgency, red-yellow urine; treat with Liuwei Dihuang Wan plus Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai) and Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu). Some people cough all day, expectorate phlegm, pant slightly, and feel short of breath upon slight movement. People think it is Heart Fire punishing Lung Metal, but who knows it is self-damage of Lung Qi? Treatment should greatly tonify Lung Qi while supplementing Kidney Water. Use Liuwei Dihuang Tang, add Maidong and Wuweizi, give in large doses. Long-term use makes Kidney robust and Lung robust. (From *Bianzheng Lu*)
For Kidney deficiency with dark complexion, cold/swollen feet, tinnitus/deafness, emaciated limbs, weak knees/shins, difficult urination (variable amount), lower back/spine pain: use Bawei Wan plus Lurong and Wuweizi, named Shibu Wan. (From *Baoyuan*)
Dabu Yuan Jian treats severe depletion of Qi and Blood in men and women, loss of spiritual control, and critical conditions. It is the primary formula for reversing heaven's decline, assisting transformation, saving the root, and cultivating origin.
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Tonifies Qi/Yang, main ingredient, 1-2 qian to 1-2 liang]; Stir-fried Chinese Yam (Shanyao), 2 qian; Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudi) [Tonifies Essence/Yin, main ingredient, 2-3 qian to 2-3 liang]; Eucommia Bark (Duzhong), 2 qian; Angelica Root (Danggui) [2-3 qian, remove if diarrhea]; Cornelian Cherry Fruit (Shanzhuyu), 1 qian [remove if aversion to acid/acid regurgitation]; Goji Berry (Gouqi), 2-3 qian; Honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhigancao), 1-2 qian.
Boil in 2 zhong of water to 7 fen. Take warm after meals. If Origin-Yang is insufficient with much cold, add Fuzi, Rougui, or Paojiang as appropriate. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
Daying Jian treats deficiency of true Yin, Essence, and Blood; in women, delayed menstruation and low blood; lower back/knee/joint/bone pain.
Angelica Root (Danggui) [2-3 qian or 5 qian]; Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudi) [3-5-7 qian]; Goji Berry (Gouqi), 2 qian; Honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhigancao) [1-2 qian]; Eucommia Bark (Duzhong), 2 qian; Achyranthes Root (Niuxi), 1.5 qian; Cinnamon Bark (Rougui) [1-2 qian].
Boil in 2 zhong of water to 7 fen. Take warm after meals. If cold stagnation in meridians prevents Qi/Blood flow and causes severe bone/joint pain, must add 1-2 qian of processed Fuzi for efficacy. (Ibid.)
For deficiency labor, benefiting Zang Qi, long-term use lightens the body and preserves complexion, treats low essence, strengthens will/power, and tonifies deficiency: Di Huang Jian Wan is suitable.
Fresh Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang), 5 jin (clean, plump); Giant Vine Seeds (jutengzi), 3 liang; Achyranthes Root (Niuxi), 3 liang (remove seedlings); Cinnamon Twig (Guixin), 3 liang; Fresh Polygonatum Rhizome (Sheng Huangjing), 5 jin (clean, pounded with Shengdihuang in wooden mortar until mushy, juice squeezed out, then mixed with 3 sheng of wine, slow-boiled in silver pot to paste). Aconite Root (Fuzi), 3 liang; Dry Lacquer (Ganqi), 3 liang (crushed, stir-fried until smoke appears); Cistanche Stem (Roucongrou), 3 liang; Psoralea Fruit (Buguzhi), 3 liang; Dodder Seed (Tusizi), 3 liang; Deer Antler Glue (Lujiaojiao), 3 liang (crushed, stir-fried until yellow/dry).
Grind herbs to powder. Mix with Di Huang/Huangjing paste. Pound over 1000 times. Pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills on empty stomach with warm wine, again before evening meal. (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Xuanhe Ci Si Wan treats young men with excessive sexual desire, depletion of Essence/Blood, exhaustion of Heart/Kidney Qi, spermatorrhea/white turbidity, lower back pain, dark complexion, deafness/blurred vision, dry mouth/weak legs, thirst/frequent urination, nocturnal ghost intercourse, and impotence.
Angelica Root (Danggui), soaked in wine, baked dry, 0.5 jin; Dodder Seed (Tusizi), soaked in wine, cleaned, crushed while wet, baked dry, weighed 1 jin; Coix Seed (Yiyiren); Sacred Mushroom (Fushen), wood removed; Lotus Seed Flesh (Shilianrou), skin removed; Deer Antler Frost (Lujiaoshuang); Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), each 4 liang.
Grind to powder. Crush 2 jin of Astragalus Root (Huangqi), soak in 6 sheng of water overnight. Rinse next morning until flavor is faint. Filter. Boil juice in silver/earthenware pot to paste. Mix with herb powder. Pound thousands of times. Pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills, increase to 100. Deliver with rice soup or warm wine, on empty stomach. Regular use calms the center and spirit, secures Essence/Blood, benefits Qi, preserves complexion, and prolongs life. (From *Sanyuan*) [Note: Many Song dynasty formulas are like this; recording these two for now.]
For Kidney deficiency-cold, bone萎 (osteomalacia/weakness), lack of strength, heavy waist/knees, difficult walking, Qi deficiency, poor appetite: Buguzhi Wan.
Psoralea Fruit (Buguzhi), 2 liang (lightly stir-fried); Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Seed (Huluba), 1 liang (lightly stir-fried); Walnut Kernel (Hutao Rang), as needed.
Pound first two ingredients to powder. Mix with pounded walnut until smooth. Add small amount of glutinous rice porridge. Pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with warm wine (salt water is also acceptable), on empty stomach before meals. (From *Jibufang*) [Note: Originally transmitted by Tang Chancellor Zheng, using Buguzhi and Hutao, cited in *Bencao Tujing*.]
Dixian Dan harmonizes Water and Fire, warms and tonifies Lower Origin, brightens eyes, blackens beard/hair, resolves phlegm, promotes appetite, regulates Qi, strengthens sinews/bones, and treats lower back pain and bladder hernia.
Eucommia Bark (Duzhong), 1 jin (clean, soak in ginger juice overnight, stir-fry slowly until fibers gone, sprinkle with 1 liang salt and good wine, stir-fry until fragrant); Fennel Seed (Xiaohuixiang), 4 liang (stir-fry yellow with 2 qian salt); Psoralea Fruit (Poguozhi/Buguzhi), 6 liang (stir-fry yellow with 3 qian salt); Sichuan Pepper (Chuanjiao), remove stems/seeds, 12 liang (stir-fry until sweat evaporates); Goji Berry (Gouqizi), 10 liang; South Costus Root (Nanmuxiang), 3 liang (avoid direct fire); Lotus Seed Flesh (Shilianrou), 0.5 jin (keep heart); White Poria (Bailingfu), skin removed, 4.5 liang; Walnut Kernel (Hutaoren), 15 liang.
Grind to fine powder. Pill with wine paste, size of Sophora seeds. Take 40-50 pills on empty stomach with warm wine, press with dry food. (From *Jingyan Mifang*)
For men and women with chronic accumulation of labor and deficiency, or failure to recover after severe illness: One female black chicken, prepared for eating. Fill abdomen with 1 jin chopped fresh Rehmannia Root and 2 sheng malt sugar. Tie tightly. Steam in copper steamer over 5 sheng of rice for a long time. Remove quickly. Eat meat and drink broth. Do not consume salt for three months. Repeat three times. Yao Yun says it is miraculous and stops night sweats. (From *Zhouhou Fang*)
Hei Wan treats depletion of Essence/Blood, dark complexion, deafness/blurred vision, dry mouth/thirst, lower back pain/weak legs, white turbid urine, upper dryness/lower cold, intolerant to harsh tonics.
Deer Antler (Lurong), soaked in wine; Angelica Root (Danggui), rhizome removed, soaked in wine.
Equal parts, grind to fine powder. Pill with dark plum paste, size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills on empty stomach with rice drink. (From *Jisheng Fang*)
Lurong Wine treats weakness, impotence, dull complexion, frequent urination, poor appetite.
Tender Deer Antler (Lurong), 0.5 liang (or up to 1 liang), hair removed, sliced; Dried Chinese Yam (Shanyao), 1 liang (powder).
Wrap in thin raw silk. Soak in one bottle of official wine for seven days. Drink wine, limit to three cups daily. When wine is finished, soak again in a new bottle. After drinking, bake deer antler dry for internal use as tonic. Very effective. (From *Qixiao Liangfang*)
Rou Dan treats all deficiency diseases. Someone severely emaciated, near death, took only twenty doses and recovered instantly, looking like a youth.
Phoca Genitalia (Anwaqi), 1 liang; Deer Antler (Lurong), sliced and baked dry, 2 liang. Both soaked in wine overnight.
Grind to powder. Pill with wine-flour paste, size of Sophora seeds. Take 15-20 pills on empty stomach with rice drink. (From *Fangshi*)
Nourishing the Heart: Beef, mutton, sparrow meat, lotus seed flesh, dried Chinese Yam, lotus root nodes.
Each 5 jin. Cook, grind to powder. Pill with wine paste, size of bullet. Take 3-5 pills with warm wine. (From *Jingyan Mifang*)
Guben Wan treats men with long-standing pathogenic Qi entering Kidneys, or recent overexertion without eating/drinking, leading to shortness of spirit.
Beef (5 jin net, fat/membranes removed, marinated overnight with 2 liang pepper, 2 liang Sichuan pepper, 4 liang salt, steamed, dried, powdered. For every 1 jin of meat powder, add following herbs): Dried Chinese Yam (Shanyao); Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi); Goji Berry (Gouqizi), each 4 liang; Fresh Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang); Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), each 2 liang.
Grind to fine powder. Make paste with raw beef milk. Pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 50-100 pills on empty stomach with warm wine, twice daily. (Ibid.)
Fanben Wan tonifies all deficiencies and hundred damages.
Yellow castrated bull beef (as needed, remove fascia/slices, wash repeatedly in river water until blood-free, soak overnight, wash 1-2 more times next day until water is clear). Place in porcelain jar with good non-ashy wine, seal heavily with mud. Burn with mulberry wood charcoal over mild/strong heat for one day and night. Remove when color is like yellow sand (black/scorched is useless). Bake dry, powder. For every 0.5 jin of beef powder, add 1 jin of subsequent herb powders: Chinese Yam (Shanyao), stir-fried with green onion/salt, remove onion/salt; Lotus Seed Flesh (Lianrou), heart removed, stir-fried with green onion/salt, remove onion/salt; White Poria (Bailingfu), each 4 liang; Fennel Seed (Xiaohuixiang), lightly stir-fried, 4 liang.
Mix powders well. Steam good red dates until very soft. Peel/remove pits, pound to paste. Add good wine, mix with herb powders. Pill size of Sophora seeds. Sun-dry. Take 50 pills on empty stomach with warm wine, three times daily. Long-term use: reduce to one dose. Avoid flour/rice paste for pills; ineffective. (From *Qiankun Shengyi*)
Jishantang Tonifying Formulas, named Huanyuan Dan.
Wuguji Wan (*Mizhi*), treats women with depression/stagnation, steaming heat/cough, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, retrograde bleeding, postpartum confinement labor, metrorrhagia/metrostaxis, leukorrhea (red/white/white淫), and men with premature seminal emission,劳嗽 (consumptive cough) with hemoptysis, becoming deficiency labor.
Black-boned white-silk-feathered chicken (one, male female/female male, choose tender/long ones. Soak upside down to remove feathers, cut ribs with bamboo knife, remove crop/liver, keep gizzard lining, clean intestines, return to abdomen). Northern Schisandra (Bei Wuwei), 1 liang (crushed); Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), 4 liang (add 2 liang Fresh Rehmannia if Heat-Blood).
Place these two inside the chicken. Cook in clay pot with aged wine, fermented rice wine, and child's urine until tender and liquid is exhausted.
Cotton Astragalus Root (Mian Huangqi), skin removed, honey-wine fried; Atrocity Atractylodes (Yuzhu), steamed on rice nine times, each 3 liang; White Poria (Bailingfu), skin removed; Angelica Body (Dangguishen), wine-washed; White Paeonia Root (Baishaoyao), wine-fried, each 2 liang.
Pre-grind these five coarsely. Pound together with chicken meat, bake dry. Roast bones in butter. Grind to fine powder. Add following: Ginseng Root (Renshen), 3 liang (add to 6 liang if very deficient); Moutan Bark (Mudanpi), 2 liang (wine-fried clean); Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong), 1 liang (soaked in child's urine, sliced, dried).
Grind these three separately. Mix with previous powder. Use 6 liang dried Yam powder to make paste. Multiple hands form pills. Sun-dry (prevent spoilage). Store in porcelain jar. Take 3 qian with Ginseng decoction or boiling water in morning; take 2 qian with pure wine before bed. If stool is firm, refine white honey for pills. (From *Yitong*) [Note: *Shesheng Zhongmiao Fang* has more complex flavors. *Yifang Jiangyao* also has it, even more redundant.]
Yin-Yang Dual-Tonifying Formulas: Ningsuo Tang treats deficiency labor with shortness of Qi, saliva congealing in throat unable to expectorate, like glue blocking throat.
Poria (Fuling); Ginseng Root (Renshen), each 0.5 liang; Peucedanum Root (Qianhu), 3 liang; Licorice Root (Gancao), 1 liang; Jujube (Dazao), 30 pieces; Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), 5 liang; Dried Rehmannia Root (Gandihuang); Cinnamon Twig (Guixin); Paeonia Root (Shaoyao), each 1 liang.
Crush these nine. Boil in 9 sheng water to 3 sheng. Divide into three warm doses. (Also named Fuling Tang) (From *Qianjin Fang*)
For Spleen Labor: limb pain, poor appetite. Use Biejia San.
Softshell Turtle Shell (Biejia), 1 liang; Ginseng Root (Renshen), 3 fen; Red Paeonia Root (Chishaoyao); Angelica Root (Danggui); Red Poria (Chifuling); Ligusticum Rhizome (Xiong); Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu), each 0.5 liang; Astragalus Root (Huangqi), 1.5 liang; Bupleurum Root (Chaihu), 1 liang (remove seedlings); Licorice Root (Gancao), 1 fen; Costus Root (Muxiang), 0.5 liang.
Pound herbs, sieve coarsely. Take 4 qian per dose with 1 zhong water and 0.5 fen fresh ginger. Boil to 6 fen. Filter, take warm before meals. Avoid Amaranth. (From *Shenghui Fang*) [Note: No category fits, listed here tentatively.] *Wei Shi*'s Muxiang Huangqi Tang treats deficiency labor with disharmony of Ying-Wei, occasional tidal fever, night sweats, dry mouth/thirst, limb weakness, yellow/emaciated body; remove Biejia, Danggui, Xiong from this formula, add Rougui and Muli.
Tonify Blood and Benefit Qi, treat deficiency labor with weakness: Shuanghe San.
Astragalus Root (Huangqi), honey-coated and fried; Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), wine-sprayed, nine-steamed-nine-exposed, baked dry, weighed; Angelica Root (Danggui), washed, rhizome removed, thinly sliced, baked dry; Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong), each 1 liang; White Paeonia Root (Baishaoyao), 2.5 liang; Official Cinnamon (Guigui), bark removed, avoid fire; Licorice Root (Gancao), honey-fried, each 3 fen.
Coarse powder. Take 4 da qian per dose with 1.5 zhan water, 3 slices fresh ginger, 1 fat jujube. Boil to 8 fen. Filter and take. I formulated this based only on Jianzhong and Siwu formulas. After cold damage, malaria, summerheat, or major illness, for deficiency labor/Qi fatigue, this regulation is effective. Neither hot nor cold, warm and tonifying. (From *Benshi Fang*)
Bawu Tang treats Heart/Lung deficiency damage, thinning skin/hair loss, Blood/Vessel deficiency. In women, delayed menstruation; benefit Qi and harmonize Blood.
Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu); Ginseng Root (Renshen); Astragalus Root (Huangqi); Poria (Fuling); Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong); Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang); Angelica Root (Danggui); Paeonia Root (Shaoyao), equal parts.
Coarse powder. Take 5-7 qian. Boil in 1 zhan water to 7 fen. Filter. Take warm after meals. (From *Baoming Ji*)
Jiegu Deficiency Labor Ginseng-Astragalus Decoction: remove Chuanxiong, Dihuang, Shaoyao from this formula, add Chenpi and Gancao. (Cited in *Gangmu*)