治有表复有里。有表者。脉浮或恶风。或恶寒头痛。四证中或有十二尚在
是。十三日过经不解是也。有里者。谵言妄语。掷手扬视。此皆里之急者也。欲汗之则里已
急。欲下之则表证仍在。故以小柴胡中药调和三阳。是不犯诸阳之禁。以芍药下安太阴。使
邪气不纳。以大黄去地道不通。以枳实去心下痞闷
。或湿热自利。若里证已急者。通宜大柴胡汤。小柴胡减人参甘草加芍药枳实大黄是也。欲缓
下之。全用小柴胡加枳实大黄亦可。
少阳证。胸胁痛。往来寒热而呕。或咳而耳聋。脉尺寸俱弦。（小柴胡汤）主之。
柴胡少阳 半夏太阳 黄芩阳明
人参太阴 甘草太阴 姜枣辛甘发散
上各随仲景本条下加减用之则可矣药如本法。
忌发汗。忌利小便。忌利大便。故名三禁汤。乃和解之剂。若犯之。则各随上下前后本
变。及中变与诸变不可胜数。医者宜详之。
答曰。身后为太阳。太阳为阳中之阳。阳分也。身前为阳明。阳明为阳中之阴。阴分也
。阳
为在表。阴为在里。即阴阳二分。邪在其中矣。治当不从标本。从乎中治。此乃治少阳之法
也。太阳膀胱水寒也阳明大肠金燥也。邪在其中。近后膀胱水则恶寒。近前阳明燥则发热。
故往来寒热也。此为
三阳之表里。非内外之表里也。但不可认里作当下之里。故以此药作和解之剂非汗非下也。
Treatment involves both exterior and interior syndromes. For the exterior syndrome, the pulse is floating, or there is aversion to wind, or aversion to cold accompanied by headache. Among these four signs, it may also be that the disease persists for twelve days or fails to resolve after passing the meridian cycle on the thirteenth day. For the interior syndrome, there is delirious speech, throwing objects, and staring wildly. These are all urgent conditions of the interior. If one attempts diaphoresis (sweating therapy), the interior condition is already urgent; if one attempts purgation, the exterior signs remain. Therefore, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is used as a harmonizing agent to regulate the three Yang meridians, thus avoiding the contraindications regarding the Yang meridians. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, White Peony Root) is added to soothe Taiyin, preventing the pathogenic factor from entering inward; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rhubarb) is added to unblock the "Dao" (intestines); Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Immature Bitter Orange) is added to remove epigastric fullness and oppression. If there is spontaneous diarrhea due to damp-heat, and the interior syndrome is already urgent, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is generally appropriate. Da Chai Hu Tang consists of Xiao Chai Hu Tang with Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, Ginseng) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice) removed, and Shaoyao, Zhishi, and Dahuang added. If a milder purgation is desired, using Xiao Chai Hu Tang alone with the addition of Zhishi and Dahuang is also acceptable.
Shao Yang Syndrome (Lesser Yang Syndrome) presents with pain in the chest and hypochondrium, alternating chills and fever with vomiting, or coughing and deafness. The pulse at both the Cun (Inch) and Chi (Cubit) positions is wiry (Xian). Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, Bupleurum Root) treats Shao Yang disorders; Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinellia Tuber) treats Tai Yang disorders; Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root) treats Yang Ming disorders; Renshen (Ginseng Radix, Ginseng) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice) treat Tai Yin disorders; Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Fresh Ginger) and Zao (Jujubae Fructus, Jujube) have acrid-sweet dispersing properties. The above herbs can be modified according to the original clauses by Zhang Zhongjing, following this method.
Contraindications include diaphoresis (sweating), promoting urination, and promoting bowel movements. Hence it is called San Jin Tang (Three Prohibitions Decoction), which is a harmonizing formula. If these prohibitions are violated, the condition will change according to the upper, lower, anterior, and posterior variations, as well as intermediate and numerous other transformations, which are countless. Physicians should examine this carefully.
The answer states: The posterior aspect of the body corresponds to Tai Yang, which is Yang within Yang, belonging to the Yang aspect. The anterior aspect corresponds to Yang Ming, which is Yin within Yang, belonging to the Yin aspect. Yang governs the exterior, and Yin governs the interior; this constitutes the division into Yin and Yang, with the pathogenic factor residing within. Treatment should not follow the standard principles of root and branch but should adopt "Zhong Zhi" (treating from the middle/semi-exterior semi-interior). This is the method for treating Shao Yang diseases. Tai Yang Bladder Water is cold, and Yang Ming Large Intestine Metal is dry. When the pathogen resides within, proximity to the posterior Bladder Water causes aversion to cold, while proximity to the anterior Yang Ming Dryness causes fever, resulting in alternating chills and fever. This represents the interior-exterior relationship among the three Yang meridians, not the general interior-exterior relationship. One must not mistake this "interior" for an interior condition suitable for immediate purgation. Therefore, this medication serves as a harmonizing agent, neither inducing sweating nor purging.