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In the *Ling Shu: Da Huo Lun* (Spiritual Pivot: Chapter on Great Perplexity), the Yellow Emperor asked, "What qi mechanism causes a person to feel hungry easily but lack the desire to eat?" Qibo replied, "When Jing-Qi (Essential Qi) clusters in the Spleen and Heat-Liu (Stagnant Heat) remains in the Stomach, Stomach-Heat accelerates the digestion of food. Rapid digestion leads to frequent hunger. If Stomach-Qi rebels upward, it causes Cold in the Epigastrium; therefore, there is no desire to eat."

The Classic states: "Shao-Huo (Mild Fire/Warm Yang) generates Qi, while Zhuang-Huo (Excessive Fire/Pathogenic Heat) consumes Qi." The Stomach is like a cauldron storing food. If mild fire exists below, gathering without blazing, it steams and decomposes water and grain to generate Essence and Qi. If it is Zhuang-Huo, the fire blazes upward without gathering, consuming Yuan-Qi (Original Qi) and failing to transform water and grain. Thus, if Jing-Qi clusters excessively in the Spleen and fails to distribute, the transport and transformation functions become disordered, causing Stomach-Fire to flare outward. Consequently, the epigastrium appears cold. This results in a sensation resembling hunger due to the flaring fire, yet the cold epigastrium still suppresses the desire to eat, just as a cauldron lacks fire beneath it.

Zhang Zhongjing stated: "In Jueyin disease, symptoms include Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst/Polydipsia), Qi rushing up to strike the Heart, heat and pain in the Heart region, hunger without desire to eat." This occurs because the Xiang-Huo (Ministerial Fire) of the Jueyin meridian transforms into Pathogenic Heat, which rushes upward from the Stomach. This causes wasting-thirst, heart heat, and a false sensation of hunger. When Stomach-Qi rebellion is severe, the desire to eat is absent.

In the *Su Wen: Tong Ping Xu Shi Lun* (Basic Questions: Chapter on Uniform Assessment of Deficiency and Excess), the Yellow Emperor asked, "What is the prognosis for Chang Pi (Intestinal Dysentery/Bloody Stool) with blood discharge?" Qibo answered, "If the body is hot, death ensues; if the body is cold, survival ensues." The Emperor asked, "What about Chang Pi with white mucus discharge?" Qibo answered, "If the pulse is Chen (Deep), survival ensues; if the pulse is Fu (Floating), death ensues." The Emperor asked, "What about Chang Pi with pus and blood discharge?" Qibo answered, "If the pulse is Xuan-Jue (Suspended and Cut-off/Extremely Weak or Absent), death ensues; if the pulse is Hua-Da (Slippery and Large), survival ensues." The Emperor asked, "Regarding cases of Chang Pi, if the body is not hot and the pulse is not Xuan-Jue, what is the situation?" Qibo answered, "A Slippery and Large pulse indicates life; a Suspended and Choppy pulse indicates death. The time of death can be predicted based on the generation and restriction cycles of the Zang organs."

Chang Pi refers to conditions caused by long-term injury from Dampness pathogens, leading to failure of transmission and transportation functions and uncontrolled defecation, where filth and blood mix and discharge. Excessive discharge leads to Yin exhaustion. Since Yin is the root of Yang, when Yin is depleted, Yang loses its root and floats externally, manifesting as body heat, which indicates death. If the body is cold, it means Yang is retained and stable, indicating survival. Discharge of white mucus indicates sinking of Deficient-Cold; a Deep pulse suggests it can be treated with warming the Middle and assisting Qi. A Floating pulse indicates depletion at the lower jiao and collapse of Qi ascending, indicating death. Discharge of pus and blood usually involves Heat pathogens; a Slippery and Large pulse matches the syndrome, indicating that Yuan-Qi is not yet exhausted, suggesting survival. A Xuan-Jue pulse, being extremely thin and weak, indicates collapse of the fundamental essence and flourishing pathogenic heat, indicating death. If the body is not hot and the pulse is not Xuan-Jue, this generally refers to the three aforementioned conditions. A Slippery and Large pulse indicates undamaged Yuan-Qi, suggesting survival. A Suspended and Choppy pulse indicates the absence of Wei-Qi (Stomach Qi) in the pulse, indicating death. One must carefully examine the five Zang organs' generative and controlling cycles to predict the timing of death.

Diseases later named Li Ji (Dysentery) are similar to this condition. However, Li Ji involves accumulation and necessarily includes abdominal pain. Therefore, the *Nei Jing* calls it "Zhi Xia" (Stagnant Downward), referring to frequent bowel movements that are not relieved. Since abdominal pain is not mentioned here, this condition is largely similar to Li Ji with only minor differences.