【暑湿喘逆之症】烦闷口渴，喘息气粗，多言身重，汗出身仍热，此暑湿之喘症也。
【暑湿喘逆之因】《内经》云∶因于暑，汗，烦则喘喝，此暑气也。因于湿，首如裹，
面肿，呼吸气喘，此湿气也。暑湿袭于皮毛，干于肺胃，则喘喝多言也。
【暑湿喘逆之脉】脉多濡软，或见微缓。《脉经》云∶脉盛身寒，得之伤寒；脉虚身热
【暑湿喘逆之治】汗多口渴，清暑益元散；脉大多言，即中热症也，黄连解毒汤，或竹
叶石膏汤；暑湿身痛，无汗喘逆，应汗者，羌活胜湿汤。
清暑益元散
香茹 浓朴 白扁豆 川黄连
黄连解毒汤 治三焦热壅，心肺伏火。
川连 黄柏 黄芩 山栀
竹叶石膏汤 见燥痰门。
羌活胜湿汤 见湿痰门。
【燥火喘逆之症】口渴身热，二便赤涩，喘咳气逆，面赤唇焦，吐痰难出，此燥火发喘
【燥火喘逆之因】燥万物者，莫燥乎火，故喘症燥火居多。《原病式》叙喘逆热淫条下
，盖燥火烁人，则诸逆冲上，诸痿喘呕，诸气 郁，肺家不宁，喘症作矣。
【燥火喘逆之脉】脉多数大，或见滑数。右脉数大，燥火伤气；左脉滑数，燥火伤血。
【燥火喘逆之治】栝蒌根汤、知母甘桔汤。脉大口渴，人参白虎汤，调益元散，大便结
栝蒌根汤
天花粉 麦冬 知母 石膏 甘草
知母桔甘汤 治肺家受燥，咳嗽气逆。
知母 石膏 桔梗 甘草 地骨皮
人参白虎汤 治胃受燥邪，喘呕烦渴。
人参 知母 石膏 粳米 甘草
口渴，加葛根。气逆，加橘红。
凉膈散 治燥在上焦，喘咳气逆。
黑山栀 黄芩 桔梗 连翘 川连 薄荷 甘草
以上皆外感喘逆，故不用滋阴。
[Symptoms of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Summerheat-Dampness]
Mental restlessness and thirst, rapid breathing with coarse breath, excessive talking accompanied by a heavy sensation in the body, and persistent fever despite sweating. This is asthma caused by summerheat-dampness.
[Etiology of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Summerheat-Dampness]
The *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine) states: "Affected by summerheat, there is sweating; when vexation occurs, there is panting and loud respiration." This refers to the pathogenic factor of summerheat. "Affected by dampness, the head feels as if wrapped, facial swelling occurs, and there is labored breathing." This refers to the pathogenic factor of dampness. When summerheat and dampness invade the skin and hair, and interfere with the Lung and Stomach, it results in loud respiration and excessive speech.
[Pulse Signs of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Summerheat-Dampness]
The pulse is mostly soft and soggy (Ru Mai), or slightly slow and relaxed (Huan Mai). The *Maijing* (Pulse Classic) states: "A full pulse with cold body indicates Cold Damage (Shanghan); a deficient pulse with hot body..." [Text cuts off here].
[Treatment of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Summerheat-Dampness]
If there is profuse sweating and thirst, use Qingshu Yiyuan San (Clear Summerheat and Benefit Primordial Powder). If the pulse is large and there is excessive speech, this is Heat Stroke (Zhongre Syndrome); use Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Detoxification) or Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction). If there is body pain due to summerheat-dampness, no sweating, and asthma/reverse flow requiring diaphoresis, use Qianghuo Shengshi Tang (Notopterygium Decoction to Overcome Dampness).
Qingshu Yiyuan San
Elsholtziae Herba (Xiangru), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Dolichos Lablab Seed (Baibian Dou), Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuanlianhua).
Huanglian Jiedu Tang treats heat obstruction in the Triple Burner and latent fire in the Heart and Lung.
Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuanlian), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi).
Zhuye Shigao Tang: See section on Dry-Phlegm.
Qianghuo Shengshi Tang: See section on Damp-Phlegm.
[Symptoms of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Dry-Fire]
Thirst, body heat, red and scanty urination and difficult defecation, asthma, cough, and reverse flow of Qi, red face, and scorched lips, difficulty expectorating phlegm. This is asthma triggered by dry-fire.
[Etiology of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Dry-Fire]
Among all things that dry out matter, none is drier than fire; thus, most cases of asthma involve dry-fire. In the *Yuanbing Shi* (Original Treatise on Diseases), under the section describing heat excess causing asthma and reverse flow, it is stated that dry-fire scorching the human body causes various rebellious Qi rushing upward, various atrophy syndromes, asthma, and vomiting, as well as Qi stagnation. When the Lung organ is unsettled, asthma arises.
[Pulse Signs of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Dry-Fire]
The pulse is mostly rapid and large, or slippery and rapid. A rapid and large pulse on the Right position indicates dry-fire damaging Qi; a slippery and rapid pulse on the Left position indicates dry-fire damaging Blood.
[Treatment of Asthma and Reverse Flow due to Dry-Fire]
Use Gualougen Tang (Trichosanthes Root Decoction) and Zhimu Ganjie Tang (Anemarrhena, Licorice, and Platycodon Decoction). If the pulse is large and there is thirst, use Renshen Baizhu Tang (Ginseng and White Tiger Decoction) combined with Tiao Yiyuan San. If there is constipation... [Text cuts off here].
Gualougen Tang
Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao).
Zhimu Jiegantang treats dryness affecting the Lung, causing cough and reverse flow of Qi.
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Lycii Cortex (Digupi).
Renshen Baizhu Tang treats the Stomach affected by dry pathogenic factors, presenting with asthma, vomiting, mental restlessness, and thirst.
Panax Ginseng (Renshen), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Oryza Sativa (Jingmi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao).
If thirsty, add Puerariae Radix (Gegen). If there is reverse flow of Qi, add Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Juhong).
Liangge San treats dryness in the Upper Jiao, causing asthma, cough, and reverse flow of Qi.
Gardeniae Fructus (Heishanzhi), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao), Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuanlian), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao).
All the above are external contraction-induced asthma and reverse flow; therefore, Yin-nourishing methods are not used.