促脉定息，数时一止复来，如蹶之趣，徐疾不常。《脉经》但言数而止为促，《脉诀》
乃云并居寸口，不言时止者，谬矣。数止为促，缓止为结，何独寸口哉？李氏曰∶促脉数时
来一
主病 促脉惟将火病医，其因有五细推之，时时喘咳皆痰积，或发狂斑与毒疽。又曰∶
促主阳盛之病，促结之因，皆有气血痰食饮，五者之别，一有留滞，则脉见止也。
弦脉端直以长，如张弓弦，按之不移，绰绰如按琴瑟弦，状若筝弦，从中直过，挺然指
下。
者死。池氏曰∶弦紧而数劲为太过，弦紧而细为不及。戴氏曰∶弦而软，其病轻，弦而硬，
其
多怒欲叫，睛翳泪出。李氏曰∶弦来端直似丝弦，紧则如绳左右弹，紧言其力弦言象，牢紧
弦长沉伏间。
主病 弦为肝胆之脉，主痰饮，寒热疟疾，又主血弱劳伤，胃虚停饮，骨胁疼痛，肢体
拘急，多惊，单弦病轻，双弦病急，寸弦头痛多痰，左关弦主寒热 瘕，右弦主胃寒，心腹痛
，尺主阴 。脚疾拘挛。又曰∶弦为木盛之病，浮弦痰饮外溢，沉弦悬饮内痛，疟脉自弦，
弦数多热，弦迟多寒，弦大主虚，弦细拘急，阳弦头痛，阴弦腹痛，单弦饮癖，双弦寒痼，
若不食者，木来克土，病必难治。
紧脉来往有力，左右弹人指，如转索无常数，如切绳，如纫单线。又曰∶紧乃热，如为
寒束
非紧状，或以浮紧为弦，沉紧为牢，亦近似耳。又曰∶举如转索如切绳，脉象因之得紧名，
总是寒邪来作寇，内为腹痛外身疼。
主病 紧主诸痛，为寒，喘咳，风痫冷痰，浮紧表寒，沉紧里寒，人迎紧盛伤寒，气口
紧盛伤食，关主心腹疼痛，尺主阴冷奔豚疝病。又曰∶浮紧中恶，沉紧咳嗽。
Cuo (Hasty) Pulse: During each respiration, the pulse beats several times before pausing and then resuming, resembling a stumble followed by a quick rise, with irregular speed. The *Mai Jing* (Classic of Pulses) states only that a rapid pulse with pauses is Cuo, while the *Mai Jue* (Pulse Rhymes) claims it resides solely in the Cun (inch) position without mentioning pauses, which is erroneous. A rapid pulse with intermittent pauses is Cuo; a slow pulse with intermittent pauses is Jie (Knotted). Why should this be limited to the Cun position? Li Shi said: Cuo pulse primarily treats Fire diseases; its causes can be deduced into five categories. Frequent asthma and coughing are due to Phlegm accumulation; alternatively, it manifests as mania, macules, or toxic carbuncles. He further stated: Cuo pulse indicates Excess Yang conditions. Both Cuo and Jie pulses arise from Qi, Blood, Phlegm, Food, and Fluid retention. The distinction among these five lies in stagnation; if any one remains stagnant, the pulse exhibits pauses.
Xian (Bowstring) Pulse: It is straight, long, and firm like a drawn bowstring, remaining immovable upon pressure. It feels spacious, akin to pressing a string on a qin or se, resembling a zheng string, passing straight through under the fingers with a prominent sensation. [Text fragment missing]. Chi Shi said: Xian and Jin (Tight) with Shu (Rapid) force indicates Excess; Xian and Jin with Xi (Fine) indicates Deficiency. Dai Shi said: If Xian is soft, the disease is mild; if Xian is hard, the disease is severe. [Text fragment missing]. Symptoms include irritability, anger, desire to shout, eye nebulae, and tearing. Li Shi said: Xian comes straight like a silk thread; Jin feels like a rope snapping left and right. "Jin" describes the force, "Xian" describes the form. Lao (Deep-Firm), Jin, Xian, and Chang (Long) pulses are often found in deep positions.
Main Diseases: Xian is the pulse of the Liver and Gallbladder, indicating Phlegm-Fluids, alternating cold and heat, malaria, blood deficiency with consumptive injury, stomach deficiency with fluid retention, bone and hypochondriac pain, limb stiffness, and frequent fright. Single-sided Xian indicates mild disease; double-sided Xian indicates urgent disease. Cun Xian indicates headache with much phlegm; Left Guan Xian indicates alternating cold/heat and masses (Jia); Right side Xian indicates stomach cold, heart and abdominal pain; Chi indicates Yin cold and leg stiffness/spasms. Furthermore: Xian indicates Wood Excess. Floating Xian indicates external overflow of Phlegm-Fluids; Deep Xian indicates internal pain from suspended fluids. Malaria pulses are naturally Xian. Xian-Shu indicates Heat; Xian-Chi indicates Cold. Xian-Da indicates Deficiency; Xian-Xi indicates stiffness. Yang-position Xian causes headache; Yin-position Xian causes abdominal pain. Single Xian indicates fluid retention masses; Double Xian indicates chronic cold disorders. If the patient cannot eat, Wood is overacting on Earth, and the disease will be difficult to treat.
Jin (Tight) Pulse: It comes and goes with strength, snapping against the fingers left and right, like turning a cord with no fixed rhythm, similar to cutting a rope or threading a single line. Some say Jin indicates Heat, but when constrained by Cold, it presents as Jin, which is not its true nature. Others mistake Floating-Jin for Xian or Deep-Jin for Lao, which are merely approximations. Another view states: Upon lifting, it feels like turning a cord or cutting a rope, giving the pulse its name "Jin." This is always caused by Cold Evil invading, leading to internal abdominal pain and external body pain.
Main Diseases: Jin indicates various pains, Cold, asthma/cough, wind epilepsy, and cold-phlegm. Floating-Jin indicates Exterior Cold; Deep-Jin indicates Interior Cold. Renying pulse Jin-sheng indicates Cold Damage (Shanghan); Qikou pulse Jin-sheng indicates Food Injury. Guan indicates Heart and Abdominal pain; Chi indicates Yin cold, Ben-Tun (rushing pig syndrome), and hernia. Furthermore: Floating-Jin indicates Zhong-E (sudden evil attack); Deep-Jin indicates coughing.