经曰∶神不得守，谓神乱也。按此病皆由惊动其神，使脏气不平，郁而生涎，闭塞诸经，痰
涎壅积，变热生风，癫属于心，痫属五脏。故有五种∶马痫，作马嘶鸣，应心；羊痫，作羊咩声
，应脾；鸡痫，犹鸡扑翅，应胃；猪痫，若猪叫状，应肾；牛痫，似牛吼喘，应肺。发则昏运倒
仆，口眼相引，目睛上视，手足搐搦，腰背强直，随吐涎沫。皆由痰火时潮，平复则苏。虽因痰
郁膈间，更属肝经风火。先宜治痰，次疏肝火。脉浮阳痫，沉为阴痫。滑大易治，微细难痊。凡
气血虚者，早服补药，晚服诸方。
主方 茯神 南星（制） 橘红 栝蒌 枳实 桔梗 栀子 半夏 黄芩（各一钱） 甘
草（三分） 加生姜三片，水煎成。磨入木香（五分）、辰砂（一钱）竹沥半杯，姜汁三匙调服。
清心抑胆汤 平肝解郁，清火化痰，定眩运，养血气。
当归 白芍（酒炒） 白术 茯苓 陈皮 半夏 黄连 石菖蒲 枳实 香附（炒。各一钱）
麦冬 川芎 人参 远志（各七分） 甘草（四分）
加生姜三片，竹茹一团，水煎服。
牛黄安神丸 镇养心神，消痰，清火，养血，五痫宜常服。
当归 人参 茯苓 酸枣仁 生地黄 黄连（酒炒） 橘红 胆南星 牛黄 珍珠 琥珀（
各二钱） 朱砂（水飞） 天竺黄（各五钱）
上诸药为末，次以牛、珍、珀、砂、竺各研极细，和匀，蜜丸绿豆大。每服百丸，临睡灯心
龙眼汤下。金银煎汤尤妙。
追风祛痰丸 治诸痫，与前安神丸兼服，无不效。
天麻（煨） 白附子（面包煨） 防风 僵蚕（各一两） 全蝎（洗净，微炒） 枯矾 木
香（各五钱） 半夏（六两，汤泡七次，为末，一半用皂角捣、浸浆出，和作曲，一半姜汁作曲，预
制）
共为末，姜汁打稀糊丸，绿豆大，朱砂衣。每百丸，临睡姜汤下。火加黄连（姜炒，一两），
薄荷汤下。胃虚，白术。
简便方 南星（粉团） 九泡、蒸，九晒为末，姜汁糊丸桐子大，麦冬汤下。
又 荆芥穗（研末） 白矾（研。各一两） 糊丸黍米大，朱砂为衣。每服一钱，临睡姜汤
下。
又 代赭石（一两，火 ，醋淬） 明矾（二两） 各研末匀，糊丸绿豆大，每三十丸，白汤
送下。
The *Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic* states: "When the Shen (Spirit) cannot maintain its residence, it is called Shen disorder." This disease arises from fright disturbing the Shen, causing imbalance in the Qi of the Zang-Fu organs. Stagnation generates phlegm-fluids, which block the various meridians. Accumulation of phlegm-fluids transforms into heat and generates wind. Dian syndrome (Manic-depressive psychosis) is associated with the Heart, while Xian syndrome (Epilepsy) is associated with the Five Zang organs. Therefore, it is divided into five types: Ma Xian (Horse Epilepsy), characterized by neighing sounds corresponding to the Heart; Yang Xian (Sheep Epilepsy), characterized by bleating sounds corresponding to the Spleen; Ji Xian (Chicken Epilepsy), characterized by flapping wings movements corresponding to the Stomach; Zhu Xian (Pig Epilepsy), characterized by grunting sounds corresponding to the Kidney; Niu Xian (Ox Epilepsy), characterized by roaring and panting sounds corresponding to the Lung. During an attack, there is fainting and falling, deviation of the mouth and eyes, upward staring of the eyeballs, spasms of the hands and feet, rigidity of the waist and back, followed by vomiting of saliva and foam. These are all caused by periodic outbreaks of Phlegm-Fire; upon subsidence, consciousness returns. Although the etiology involves Phlegm stagnating between the diaphragm, it also belongs to Wind-Fire of the Liver Meridian. Treatment should first focus on resolving Phlegm, followed by soothing the Liver Fire. A floating pulse indicates Yang Xian, while a deep pulse indicates Yin Xian. Slippery and large pulses indicate ease of treatment, whereas thready and fine pulses indicate difficulty in recovery. For those with deficiency of Qi and Blood, tonifying medicines should be taken in the morning, and the aforementioned formulas at night.
Main Formula: Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood), Zhi Nan Xing (Prepared Arisaema Rhizome), Ju Hong (Tangerine Peel), Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange), Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) (each 1 qian); Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (0.3 qian). Add three slices of Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct in water. Grind in Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) (0.5 qian), Chen Sha (Cinnabar) (1 qian), Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap) half cup, and adjust for administration with three spoons of Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice).
Qing Xin Yi Dan Tang (Clear Heart Suppress Gallbladder Decoction): Functions to soothe the Liver, resolve stagnation, clear fire, transform phlegm, stabilize vertigo, and nourish Qi and Blood.
Ingredients: Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Jiu Chao Bai Shao (Wine-fried White Peony Root), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fu Ling (Poria), Chen Pi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome), Shi Chang Pu (Acorus Rhizome), Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange), Chao Xiang Fu (Stir-fried Cyperus Rhizome) (each 1 qian); Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Yuan Zhi (Polygala Root) (each 0.7 qian); Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (0.4 qian). Add three slices of Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) and a ball of Zhu Ru (Bamboo Shavings), decoct in water and take orally.
Niu Huang An Shen Wan (Calveskin-derived Bezoar Calming Spirit Pill): Functions to calm and nourish the Shen, resolve phlegm, clear fire, and nourish blood. Suitable for long-term use in the five types of Xian syndrome.
Ingredients: Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Fu Ling (Poria), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphus Seed), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), Jiu Chao Huang Lian (Wine-fried Coptis Rhizome), Ju Hong (Tangerine Peel), Dan Nan Xing (Bile-treated Arisaema Rhizome), Niu Huang (Calveskin-derived Bezoar), Zhen Zhu (Pearl), Hu Po (Amber) (each 2 qian); Zhu Sha (Cinnabar, processed by water levigation), Tian Zhu Huang (Indocalamus Leaf Bamboo Mucus) (each 5 qian).
Grind the above herbs into powder. Then grind Niu Huang, Zhen Zhu, Hu Po, Zhu Sha, and Tian Zhu Huang separately to an extremely fine consistency, mix evenly, and form pills with honey the size of mung beans. Take 100 pills each time, administered before sleep with a decoction of Deng Xin Cao (Juncus Effusus Pith) and Long Yan Rou (Longan Aril). Administering with a decoction of Jin Yin (Gold and Silver) is particularly effective.
Zhui Feng Qu Tan Wan (Wind-Chasing Phlegm-Expelling Pill): Treats various forms of Xian syndrome. When taken concurrently with the preceding An Shen Wan, it is invariably effective.
Ingredients: Wei Tian Ma (Roasted Gastrodia Rhizome), Mian Bao Wei Bai Fu Zi (Flour-wrapped Prepared Typhonii Rhizome), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus) (each 1 liang); Quan Xie (Scorpion, washed and lightly stir-fried), Ku Fan (Alum), Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) (each 5 qian); Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) (6 liangs, soaked seven times in boiling water then powdered; half mixed with paste extracted from Sao Jiao (Melon Rind) to make a qu culture; half mixed with Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) to make a qu culture, prepared in advance).
Grind all into powder, mix with Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) to form a thin paste, and make pills the size of mung beans, coated with Zhu Sha (Cinnabar). Take 100 pills before sleep with Jiang Tang (Ginger Decoction). If Fire is excessive, add Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, ginger-fried, 1 liang), administer with Bo He Tang (Mint Decoction). If Stomach deficiency exists, add Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome).
Simple Prescription: Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizome, made into powder balls), subjected to nine cycles of soaking, steaming, and sun-drying, then powdered. Form pills with Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) paste the size of Sophora seeds, administer with Mai Dong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction).
Another Prescription: Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepeta Spike, powdered), Bai Fan (Alum, powdered) (each 1 liang). Form pills with paste the size of millet seeds, coated with Zhu Sha (Cinnabar). Take 1 qian each time before sleep with Jiang Tang (Ginger Decoction).
Another Prescription: Dai Zhe Shi (Hematite, 1 liang, fired and quenched in vinegar), Ming Fan (Alum, 2 liangs). Grind both into powder and mix evenly. Form pills with paste the size of mung beans. Take 30 pills each time, administered with plain warm water.