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Located below the iliac crest, in the spaces between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae beside the spine. This acupoint is Xiāláo (Lower Crosstalk). Puncture 2 cun, retain for ten breaths, moxa 3 cones. Another method states puncture 2 cun.

Indications: Borborygmus with diarrhea, difficulty in urination and defecation, hematochezia with lower back pain radiating to the hypogastrium causing acute pain, and women with strangury, turbid leukorrhea, and incontinence.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: For lower jiao disorders caused by damp-heat or damp-cold, this point determines the treatment.

Huiyang (Li Ji), located on both sides of the coccyx. The *Jia Yi Jing* (Systematic Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) states: It is where the Qi of the Du vessel emerges. Puncture 2 cun, moxa 5 cones. Another method states puncture 8 fen.

Indications: Cold qi in the abdomen, diarrhea, intestinal wind with hematochezia, chronic hemorrhoids, deficiency of Yang qi, and sweating in the yin region with dampness.

Fufen, located below the second thoracic vertebra, attached to the medial aspect of the neck, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine on both sides; take while sitting upright. It is the intersection of the Hand and Foot Taiyang vessels. Puncture 3 fen, moxa 5 cones. The *Jia Yi Jing* records puncture 8 fen.

Indications: Numbness and insensibility of the elbow and arm, stiffness and tension of the shoulder and back, wind pathogen lodging in the cou li (interstices), neck pain with inability to look back.

Pohu, located below the third thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine on both sides; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 5 cones. Another method states puncture 3 fen, moxa 100 cones.

Indications: Deficiency consumption with lung atrophy, pain connecting the shoulder blades, chest, and back, migration of the Three Corpses parasites, neck stiffness with wheezing and counterflow qi, irritability, fullness, and vomiting. This point primarily drains heat from the Five Zang organs, similar to the Shu points of the Five Zang.

The *Shen Nong Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: To treat deficiency consumption with fever, moxa 14 cones.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Gaohuang, it treats tuberculosis and corpse-transmission disease.

The *Biao You Fu* (Song of Marked Profundity) states: It treats body heat and劳 cough (consumptive cough).

Gaohuangshu, located between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebrae, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine on both sides; take while sitting upright with the spine curved. The *Qianjin Yi Fang* (Supplement to the Thousand Golden Formulas) states: First have the patient sit upright, curve the spine, extend both hands, and rest the arms against the knees so that they are straight, with the thumbs level with the knee caps. Support the elbows with an object to prevent movement. Then, feel from the upper angle of the scapula down to the lower head of the scapula. There should be four ribs and three intervals in between. Based on the edge of the scapula, measure a distance equal to the width of one side of a finger from the bone edge. Press the empty space in the middle of one interval; if you feel traction radiating to the shoulder, that is the point. Moxa both left and right sides up to 100 cones, or 300-500 cones, even up to 1,000 cones. One should feel the Qi descending with a gurgling sound like flowing water. If there is retained phlegm or chronic illness, it must also descend. If the patient is too weak to sit upright, have them lie on their side, pull the upper arm forward, and locate the point for moxibustion. Another method: Place the right hand on the left shoulder; the spot slightly beyond the reach of the middle finger is the point. Do the same with the left hand, then apply moxibustion as described above. For those who cannot sit long or extend their arms, they may lie prone on a pillow, extend both arms, and have someone pull the scapulae apart to widen the space; otherwise, the scapulae will cover the point, making it impossible to find accurately. The pillow used for lying prone should be of appropriate size; otherwise, shifting forward or backward will cause loss of the correct location. After moxibustion at this point, Yang Qi increases daily. One should carefully nourish oneself to restore balance, after which all diseases can be treated. Another method: If the person has distinct bony landmarks, count the vertebrae. If the back is fleshy and bones are hard to find, measure three chi from Dazhui to the tailbone and take the midpoint. Alternatively, use Mingmen (the 14th vertebra level with the umbilicus) as the reference, measuring each vertebra by cun to locate the points accurately. However, regarding finding Dazhui, excluding the three cervical vertebrae, some people have short neck bones that are hard to locate. In such cases, use the level of the shoulders as the first thoracic vertebra and proceed sequentially to avoid error. The *Kuaijie Fangshi* (Quick Methods) states: While other texts discuss the efficacy of moxibustion at Gaohuang, they rarely detail the location method. Besides the *Qianjin* formulas, Zhuang Chuo’s discussion is the most detailed but lacks organization. I once devised a method: Have the patient cross their hands over their shoulders during moxibustion; this opens the scapulae, revealing the point immediately. Feel below the fourth thoracic vertebra, three cun lateral on both sides, within the fourth intercostal space. Press until soreness is felt; this is the point. Moxa up to 1,000 cones, or at least 49 cones. Follow the *Qianjin* principle of locating and moxa-ing in the same posture (sitting while locating, sitting while moxa-ing; lying while locating, lying while moxa-ing) for accuracy. Liu Jin states: When locating Gaohuang, exclude the small bone of the first thoracic vertebra. Counting down to the fifth thoracic vertebra, go three and a half cun lateral on both sides, totaling seven cun across. Press the sore area to find the true point. Moxibustion based on this often leads to recovery. Moxa 49 cones, up to 100 or 1,000 cones. Some say moxa Zusanli afterwards to draw fire downward and strengthen the lower jiao. This point was not recorded before the Jin Dynasty but was added later.

Indications: All diseases, wasting and thinning, five labors and seven injuries, nocturnal emission with spermatorrhea, upward rushing qi with cough and counterflow, mania and forgetfulness due to phlegm-fire, conditions before and after childbirth. Moxa 14 to 49 cones.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Pohu, it treats tuberculosis and corpse-transmission disease.

The *Lingguang Fu* (Song of Spiritual Light) states: It treats all diseases of the back and spine, including gouty labor.

The *Qiankun Shengyi* states: Combined with Taodao, Shenzhu, and Feishu, it is a crucial point for treating deficiency and the five labors/seven injuries.

Shentang, located below the fifth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright. Puncture 3 fen, moxa 5 cones. This point primarily drains heat from the Five Zang organs, similar to the Shu points of the various Zang.

Indications: Stiffness and pain of the waist and spine with inability to bend or extend, chills and fever, abdominal fullness and counterflow with frequent choking.

Located at the medial border of the shoulder blade, below the sixth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine; take while sitting upright. The *Jia Yi Jing* states: Press painfully with the hand; if the patient sighs "Yi Xi," that is the point. It is identified by pain. Puncture 6 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 5 cones. Another method states moxa 14 to 100 cones.

Indications: Severe wind, febrile diseases with no sweat, exhaustion with insomnia, persistent warm malaria, chest and abdominal distension, qi obstruction, acute pain in the shoulder, back, and costal region, eye pain with coughing and epistaxis. Avoid amaranth and white wine.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: For malarial disease with excessive sweating, moxa 50 cones.

Geguan, located below the seventh thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright with shoulders spread. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 5 cones.

Indications: Back pain with aversion to cold and spinal stiffness, vomiting with inability to swallow food, chest oppression, and difficulty in urination and defecation. This point is also the Hui-meeting point of Blood, treating various blood disorders.

Hunmen, located below the ninth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Corpse syncope with migrating pain, chest and back pain connected to the heart, inability to eat, borborygmus in the abdomen, loose stools, and yellow-red urine. This point primarily drains heat from the Five Zang organs, similar to the Shu points of the Five Zang.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Weishu, it treats cold stomach with indigestion.

The *Biao You Fu* (Song of Marked Profundity) states: Tonify this point for tendon spasms and bone pain.

Yanggang, located below the tenth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 or 7 cones.

Indications: Borborygmus with abdominal pain, inability to eat, dysuria, fever, thirst with yellow eyes, abdominal distension, and dysentery.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Danshu, it treats yellow eyes.

Yishe, located below the eleventh thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 7 cones. Another method states 50 to 100 cones.

Indications: Back pain and abdominal distension, diarrhea, yellow urine, vomiting with aversion to wind and cold, inability to eat, thirst with yellow eyes. This point primarily drains heat from the Five Zang organs, similar to the Shu points of the Five Zang.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Zhongfu, it eliminates distension, choking, chest/back/costal pain, aversion to cold, and vomiting.

Weicang, located below the twelfth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 5 cones. Another method states 50 cones.

Indications: Abdominal fullness and edema, inability to eat, aversion to cold, back and spine pain with inability to bend or extend.

Huangmen, located below the thirteenth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression between the floating ribs, directly anterior to Jiutui; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 cones. The commentary on *Qifu Lun* states 30 cones.

Indications: Pain in the epigastrium, hard stools, and residual breast pain in women.

Zhishi, located below the fourteenth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while sitting upright. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 or 7 cones.

Indications: Swelling and pain of the genitals, spermatorrhea, dribbling urine, spinal stiffness, flank pain, hardness and fullness in the abdomen, cholera with vomiting and refusal to eat, and difficult defecation. This point primarily drains heat from the Five Zang organs, similar to the Shu points of the Five Zang.

Baohuang, located below the nineteenth thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while prone. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 5 or 7 cones.

Indications: Lower back and spine pain, aversion to cold, hardness of the lower abdomen, borborygmus, and difficulty in urination and defecation.

Zhibian, located below the twenty-first thoracic vertebra, three and a half cun lateral to the midline of the spine in the depression; take while prone. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Lower back pain and five types of hemorrhoids, red and astringent urine.

Chengfu (Rouxi, Yinguan, Pibu), located below the buttocks, in the crease of the perineum on the posterior thigh. Puncture 7 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones. The *Jia Yi Jing* records puncture 2 cun.

Indications: Lower back and spine pain as if dislocated, chronic hemorrhoids with buttock swelling, difficult defecation, cold in the bladder, and difficult urination.

Yinmen, located 6 cun below Chengfu, between the two tendons above the popliteal fossa. Puncture 7 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Inability to bend or extend the waist and spine, stagnation of foul blood, and swelling of the outer thigh.

Fuxi, located 1 cun above Weiyang, obtained by flexing the knee. Puncture 5 fen, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Cholera with tendon spasms, heat in the lower abdomen and bladder, constipation of the large intestine, acute tension of the lateral thigh tendons, and numbness of the hip joint.

Weiyang, located 6 cun below Chengfu, obtained by extending and flexing the leg. The *Xieqi Zangfu Bingxing Pian* states: The Sanjiao joins at Weiyang. The *Jia Yi Jing* states: Weiyang is the lower auxiliary point of the Sanjiao, located anterior to the Foot Taiyang and posterior to the Shaoyang, emerging between the two tendons at the lateral aspect of the popliteal fossa. This is the divergent channel of the Foot Taiyang. Puncture 7 fen, retain for five breaths, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Swelling and pain in the waist, spine, and axilla with inability to bend or extend,牵引 to the genitalia with inability to urinate, chest fullness and body heat, convulsions and epilepsy, lower abdominal fullness, flying corpse migration, flaccidity and numbness.

The *Benshu Pian* states: The lower transport of the Sanjiao emerges at Weiyang, joining the main line of the Taiyang, entering and connecting with the Bladder, regulating the lower jiao. Excess presents as urinary retention; deficiency presents as enuresis. Enuresis is treated by tonification; urinary retention is treated by drainage.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Tianchi, acupuncture rapidly disperses axillary swelling.

Weizhong (Xuehai), located in the center of the popliteal crease in the depression of the pulsating artery; take while prone with knees flexed. The entry point of the Foot Taiyang is the He-sea point. Puncture 5 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones. Another method states contraindicated for moxa. Do not bleed in spring, because Taiyang combines with Kidney; Kidney prospers in winter, and Water declines in spring, hence bleeding is avoided in spring.

Indications: Severe wind with hair loss, Taiyang malaria starting from the back with initial chills followed by fever and persistent sweating, heavy head with tendon spasms, lower back and spine pain, hemiplegia, enuresis, hardness of the lower abdomen, wind-bi pain in the hip joint and knees, and weak feet. For lower back pain due to excess in the Kidney and Bladder, bleeding via acupuncture is excellent; for deficiency, do not puncture. Be cautious! This point primarily drains heat from the four limbs. Weizhong is the Xue-hai (Blood Sea); for febrile diseases with no sweat, difficult urination, persistent epistaxis, spinal rigidity with opisthotonos, convulsions and epilepsy, hot foot-jue with inability to flex and extend, draining the channel blood brings immediate cure.

The *Taiyi Ge* states: Tonify Weizhong for deficiency sweating and night sweats.

The *Yulong Fu* (Song of the Jade Dragon) states: Combined with Renzhong, it controls severe lumbar sprain pain. Also states: Combined with Juliao and Huantiao, it eliminates wind-damp pain in the legs.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Baihuanxu, it treats back pain radiating to the waist.

The *Qianjin Shixuan* states: Weizhong and Kunlun treat connected lower back and spine pain.

The *Six General Points* state: For the back and waist, seek Weizhong.

The *Ma Danyang Twelve Stars* states: Inability to rise from lower back pain, deep ache in the spine, wind epilepsy and tendon spasms, pain difficult to move, unpredictable wind-bi, inability to bear heat, stiff knees; acupuncture brings health.

Heyang, located 2 cun below the popliteal crease. Puncture 6 fen, moxa 5 cones.

Indications: Spinal stiffness, abdominal pain radiating from the back, heat in the inner thigh, calf soreness and swelling, cold hernia with testicular descent, and continuous metrorrhagia and leukorrhea in women.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Jiaoxin, it treats low qi and lower bleeding in women.

Chengjin (Shuchang, Zhichang), located in the depression of the center of the gastrocnemius muscle, 7 cun above the heel. Moxa 3 cones; contraindicated for puncture.

Indications: Cold bi with stiffness of the waist and back, axillary swelling, constipation, five types of hemorrhoids, calf soreness, heel pain radiating to the lower abdomen, tendon spasms, cholera, and nasal bleeding.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: For cholera with tendon spasms, moxa 50 cones.

Chengshan (Rouzhu, Yufu), located in the depression between the muscles below the gastrocnemius. Another method states between the muscles at the tip of the calf. Puncture 7 fen, moxa 5 to 49 cones. However, moxa is inferior to acupuncture.

Indications: Head heat and epistaxis, alternating chills and fever with epilepsy, hernia with abdominal pain, hemorrhoid swelling with hematochezia, lower back and spine pain, knee swelling with shin soreness and eye pain, cholera with tendon spasms, trembling with inability to stand or walk. For those with pathogenic heat, drain it.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: Moxa according to age for tendon spasms is miraculous; moxa 100 cones for cholera.

The *Yulong Fu* (Song of the Jade Dragon) states: Combined with Changqiang, moxa is best for hemorrhoids.

The *Xi Hong Fu* states: Yinlingquan treats chest and heart fullness; combined with this point, appetite returns. Also states: Combined with Yuji and Kunlun, tendon spasms and dizziness disappear instantly.

The *Lingguang Fu* states: Treats tendon spasms and chronic hemorrhoids.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Puncturing Changqiang combined with Chengshan effectively treats fresh blood from intestinal wind.

The *Tianxing Mijue* states: Combined with the medial malleolus tip, it treats tendon spasms and blurred vision. Also states: Combined with Yinjiao, it treats chest and diaphragm stuffiness and desire for food.

Ma Danyang states: It effectively treats lower back pain, difficult defecation due to hemorrhoids, gout and knee swelling, cold and soreness in both feet, epidemic fevers, chills from malaria, cholera, and tendon spasms; acupuncture brings immediate relief.

Currently, this point is widely used for treating typhoid with immediate effect; for early-stage malaria, moxibustion brings immediate cure.

Feiyang (Jueyang), located 7 cun above the lateral malleolus in the posterior depression. The Luo-connecting point of the Foot Taiyang, diverging to the Shaoyin. Puncture 3 fen, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Hemorrhoid pain preventing sitting or standing, swollen and sore feet unable to stand, generalized joint wind with inability to flex and extend, epilepsy and cold malaria, dizziness of head and eyes, and counterflow qi.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: For excess malaria, lower back and spine pain; for deficiency, epistaxis; Feiyang governs these.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Zhengzheng, it treats dizziness.

Fuyang, located 3 cun above the lateral malleolus, anterior to Taiyang, posterior to Shaoyang, between the tendon and bone. The divergent point of the Yang Qiao vessel. Puncture 5 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones. Another method states 7 cones.

Indications: Cholera with tendon spasms, lower back pain preventing standing, hip joint and thigh pain, flaccidity, jue, wind-bi with numbness, heavy head and headache, intermittent chills and fever, inability to raise the four limbs, and inability to flex and extend.

Kunlun, located 5 fen posterior to the lateral malleolus, in the depression above the calcaneus, where the fine artery is palpable. The Jing-river point of the Foot Taiyang. Puncture 3 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Lower back and buttock gout, swollen and sore calves unable to walk, headache and nasal bleeding, shoulder and back stiffness, coughing and wheezing with dizziness, genital swelling, difficult labor with retained placenta, and infantile epilepsy with convulsions.

The *Yulong Fu* (Song of the Jade Dragon) states: Combined with Shenmai and Taixi, it effectively treats foot swelling.

The *Lingguang Fu* states: It stops asthma and cures gout.

The *Shen Nong Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: It treats lower back and buttock pain, foot pain preventing walking, and shoulder/back stiffness; moxa 7 cones. It also treats infantile genital swelling; moxa 3 cones, cone size like a wheat grain.

The *Xi Hong Fu* states: Combined with Yuji and Chengshan, tendon spasms and dizziness disappear instantly.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: For retained placenta, puncture the Foot Taiyang 4 cun deep; the point is in the depression 1 cun posterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus, likely this point. Also states: For malaria with excessive sweating, lower back pain preventing bending, eyes feeling like popping out, neck feeling like pulling, Kunlung governs these.

The *Qianjin Shixuan* states: Combined with Weizhong, it treats connected lower back and spine pain.

The *Kuaijie Fangshi* states: It treats hemiplegic wind.

The *Ma Danyang Twelve Stars* states: Tendon spasms, lower back and buttock pain, heavy shoulders connecting to the yin, headache and stiff back, sudden asthma rushing to the heart, inability to walk, groaning upon moving feet; to seek peace, needle this point. The *Zengzhi Fa* adds: It treats eyes feeling like popping out, head heat and epistaxis, abdominal distension and pain preventing breathing, cholera with diarrhea, wind epilepsy with locked jaw, infantile genital swelling, dizziness, tendon spasms, vomiting, corpse syncope, evil invasion, and sudden knee pain.

Pusen (Anxie), located in the depression below the calcaneus, obtained by arching the foot. The intersection of the Foot Taiyang and Yang Qiao vessels. Puncture 3 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 7 cones.

Indications: Lower back pain with foot flaccidity and inability to hold weight, heel pain, cholera with tendon spasms and vomiting, corpse syncope and epilepsy, delirium with seeing ghosts, and knee pain.

The *Lingguang Fu* states: For posterior heel pain, seek Pusen.

Shenmai, located 5 fen below the lateral malleolus in the depression, at the junction of the white flesh near the nail bed. The birthplace of the Yang Qiao vessel. Puncture 3 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 3 cones.

Indications: Wind-induced dizziness and epilepsy, lower back and foot pain, cold and soreness of the knees preventing sitting or standing, sensation as if in a boat or cart, counterflow qi, inability to flex and extend legs and feet, and blood-related pain in women. Another method states: For red and swollen gout, drain; for numbness and weakness, drain first then tonify.

The *Shen Nong Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states: It treats lower back pain; moxa 5 cones.

The *Yulong Fu* (Song of the Jade Dragon) states: Combined with Taixi and Kunlun, it effectively treats foot swelling.

The *Biao You Fu* (Song of Marked Profundity) states: Combined with Jinmen, it treats wind-headache.

The *Lanjiang Fu* states: It eliminates cold and heat, lateral and frontal headaches, fright, tinnitus, epistaxis, and chest fullness. For numbness, tonify deficiency; for pain, drain following the path.

The *Lingguang Fu* states: Yang Qiao, Yin Qiao, Yang Ling, and Yin Ling are the four points for treating gout. Also combined with Zusanli, they jointly treat gout. They also eliminate various waist diseases.

The *Qianjin Fang Thirteen Ghost Points* states: This is named Guilu (Ghost Road); apply fire needle at the fifth time to treat hundred evils, epilepsy, and mania.

The *Jiefang* states: It treats stiff back and spine preventing bending, painful joints radiating to waist and feet, stroke with unconsciousness, aphasia, hemiplegia, intermittent pain from paralysis, limb numbness, itching of hands and feet, inability to grasp objects, facial deviation in stroke, continuous symptoms, opisthotonos, blindness, locked jaw, slurred speech, pain in waist/spine/shoulders/back, stiff neck preventing looking back, difficult movement in lower back pain, toxic sores on dorsal hands/arms/back. For these twenty-plus syndromes, first treat with Shenmai, then add other points according to symptoms.

Jinmen (Guanliang), located 1 cun below the lateral malleolus. The Xi-cleft point of the Foot Taiyang, separately belonging to the Yang Wei vessel. Puncture 1 fen, moxa 3 cones. Another method states puncture 3 fen, moxa 7 cones, cone size like a wheat grain.

Indications: Cholera with tendon spasms, corpse syncope, epilepsy, hernia, knee soreness preventing standing, and infantile open-mouthed head shaking with body arching.

The *Baizheng Fu* (Song of Hundred Symptoms) states: Combined with Qiuxu, it cures tendon spasms.

The *Tongxuan Fu* states: Combined with Shenmai, it treats wind-headache.

Jinggu, located on the lateral side of the fifth toe, below the large bone behind the metatarsophalangeal joint, in the depression at the junction of red and white flesh, accessible by pressing. The Yuan-source point passed by the Foot Taiyang. Puncture 3 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 7 cones.

Indications: Lower back and spine pain as if broken, inability to flex the thigh, stiff neck preventing looking back, tendon spasms with fright, cold and hot malaria, dizziness with red and rotting inner canthus, headache and nasal bleeding, epilepsy with manic running.