（《素问·五常政大论》）
黄帝问曰∶太虚寥廓，五运回薄，衰盛不同，损益相从，愿闻平气何如而名？何如而纪也？（寥廓，玄远也。回，
循环也。薄，迫切也。此章详明五运盛衰之有不同，而悉其平气、不及、太过，三者之纪也。）岐伯对曰∶昭乎哉问也！
木曰敷和，（木得其平，则敷布和气以生万物。）火曰升明，（阳之性升，其德明显。）土曰备化，（土含万物，无所不备。
土生万物，无所不化。）金曰审平，（金主杀伐，和则清宁，故曰审平，无妄刑也。）水曰静顺。（水体清静，性柔而顺。）
帝曰∶其不及奈何？岐伯曰∶木曰委和，（阳和委屈，发生少也。）火曰伏明，（阳德不彰，光明伏也。）土曰卑监，（气陷
不达，政屈不化也。）金曰从革，（金性本刚，其不及则从火化而变革也。）水曰涸流。（水气不及，则源流干涸也。）帝曰∶
太过何谓？岐伯曰∶木曰发生，（木气有余，发生盛也。）火曰赫曦，（阳光炎盛也。赫音黑。曦音希。）土曰敦阜，（敦，
浓也。阜，高也。土本高浓，此言其尤盛也。）金曰坚成，（金性坚刚，用能成物，其气有余，则坚成尤甚也。）水曰流衍。
（衍，满而溢也。）帝曰∶三气之纪，愿闻其候。岐伯曰∶悉乎哉问也！敷和之纪，木德周行，阳舒阴布，五化宣平。（此
下详言平运之纪也。木之平运，是曰敷和。木德周行，则阳气舒而阴气布，故凡生长化收藏之五化，无不由此而宣行其
和平之气也。按∶此论与《金匮真言论》《阴阳应象大论》《五营运大论》义通，所当参阅。俱见藏象类四、五、六等章。
《新校正》云∶按王注太过不及，各纪年辰；惟平运不纪者，盖平运之岁，不可以定纪也。或者欲补注云丁巳、丁亥、
丁卯、壬寅、壬申岁者，是未达也。下仿此。）其气端，（正而直也。）其性随，（柔和随物也。）其用曲直，（曲直成材也。）
其化生荣，（生气荣茂也。）其类草木，（凡长短坚脆，皆木类也。）其政发散，（木主春，其气上升，故政主发散。）其候
温和，（春之候也。）其令风，（木之化也。）其脏肝，（肝属木也。）肝其畏清，（清者，金气也。）其主目，（肝之窍也。）
其谷麻，（麻之色苍也。《金匮真言论》曰∶其谷麦。无麻。）其果李，（味酸也。）其实核，（诸核皆属木，其质强也。）其
应春，（木王之时也。）其虫毛，（毛直如木，气类同也。）其畜犬，（味酸也。《金匮真言论》曰∶其畜鸡。无犬。）其色苍，
（青翠色也。）其养筋，（肝主筋也。）其病里急支满，（厥阴肝气为病也。）其味酸，（酸为木化也。）其音角，（角音属木，
其声在清浊之间。）其物中坚，（象土中有木也。）其数八。（木之生数三，成数八也。）升明之纪，正阳而治，德施周普，
五化均衡。（火之平运，是曰升明。火主南方，故曰正阳。阳气无所不至，故曰周普。五化义见前。均，等也。衡，平也。）
其气高，（阳主升也。）其性速，（火性急也。）其用燔灼，（烧灸也。）其化蕃茂，（长气盛也。）其类火，（诸火皆其类也。）
其政明曜，（阳之光也。）其候炎暑，（火之候也。）其令热，（火之化也。）其脏心，（心属火也。）心其畏寒，（寒为水气也。）
其主舌，（心之宫也。）其谷麦，（色赤也。《金匮真言论》∶火谷曰黍，木谷曰麦。又《藏气法时论》亦言麦苦。）其果杏，
（味苦也。）其实络，（实中之系，脉络之类也。）其应夏，（火王之时也。）其虫羽，（羽翔而升，属乎火也。）其畜马，（快
健躁疾，得火性也。《金匮真言论》∶金畜曰马，火畜曰羊。）其色赤，（赤色属火也。）其养血，（心主血也。）其病 螈，
（火性动也。 ，如云切。）其味苦，（苦为火化也。）其音征，（征音属火，其声次清。）其物脉，（脉之所至，即阳气所
及也。）其数七。（火之生数二，成数七。）备化之纪，气协天休，德流四政，五化齐修。（土之平运，是曰备化。气协天
休，顺承天化而济其美也。德流四政，土德分助四方，以赞成金木水火之政也。故生长化收藏，咸得其政而五者齐修矣。）
其气平，（土之气象，平而浓也。）其性顺，（顺万物之性，而各成其化也。）其用高下，（或高或下，皆其用也。）其化丰
满，（万物成实，必赖乎土，故土曰充气。）其类土，（诸土皆其类也。）其政安静，（土浓而安静，其政亦然。）其候溽蒸，
（溽，湿也。蒸，热也。长夏之候也。）其令湿，（土之化也。）其脏脾，（脾属土也。）脾其畏风，（风者木气也。）其主口，
（脾之窍也。）其谷稷，（小米之粳者曰稷， 谷也。）其果枣，（味甘也。）其实肉，（土主肌肉也。）其应长夏，（长夏者，
六月也。土生于火，长在夏中，既长而王，故云长夏。）其虫 ，（ ，赤体也。《礼记月令》亦曰∶其虫 。注曰∶人为
虫之长。 ，郎朵切。）其畜牛，（其性和缓，其功稼穑，得土气也。）其色黄，（黄属土也。）其养肉，（脾土所主也。）
其病否，（脾之病也。）其味甘，（甘为土化也。）其音宫，（宫音属土，其声下而浊。）其物肤，（即肌肉也。）其数五。（土
之生数五，成数十。）
审平之纪，收而不争，杀而无犯，五化宣明。（金之平运，是曰审平。金气平则收而不争，杀而无犯。犯，谓残害于
物也。金气清肃，故五化得之，皆以宣明。）其气洁，（洁白莹明，金之气也。）其性刚，（刚劲锋利，金之性也。）其用散
落，（散落万物，金之用也。）其化坚敛，（收敛坚强，金之化也。）其类金，（诸金皆其类也。）其政劲肃，（急速而严，金
之政也。）其候清切，（秋之候也。）其令燥，（金之化也。）其脏肺，（肺属金也。）肺其畏热，（热为火气也。）其主鼻，（肺
之窍也。）其谷稻，（色白也。）其果桃，（味辛也。）其实壳，（凡物之皮壳皆坚，金刚居外也。）其应秋，（金之王也。）其
虫介，（甲坚而固，得金气也。）其畜鸡，（性好斗，故属金。《金匮真言论》∶木畜曰鸡，金畜曰马。）其色白，（白色属金
也。）其养皮毛，（肺金所主也。）其病咳，（肺金病也。）其味辛，（辛为金化也。）其音商，（商音属金，其声次浊。）其物
外坚，（壳之类也。）其数九。（金之生数四，成数九。）
静顺之纪，藏而勿害，治而善下，五化咸整。（水之平运，是曰静顺。水气平则脏而勿害，治而善下矣。江海之所以
为百谷王者，以其德全善下也。五化得水而后齐，故曰咸整。）其气明，（水为天一之气，故外暗而内明。）其性下，（流
湿就卑，水之性也。）其用沃衍，（沃，灌溉也。衍，溢满也。沃音屋。）其化凝坚，（脏气布化，则万物凝坚也。）其类水，
（诸水皆其类也。）其政流演，（演，长流貌。井泉不竭，川流不息，皆流演之义。演，衍同。）其候凝肃，（冬之候也。）
其令寒，（水之化也。）其脏肾，（肾属水也。）肾其畏湿，（湿为土气也。）其主二阴，（肾之窍也。）其谷豆，（菽也。谷色
纯黑，惟豆有之。）其果栗，（味咸也。）其实濡，（实中津液也。）其应冬，（水之王也。）其虫鳞，（生于水也。）其畜彘，
（豕也。其色多黑，其性善下。彘音治。）其色黑，（黑色属水也。）其养骨髓，（其气深，肾水所主也。）其病厥，（阴气
之逆也。）其味咸，（咸为水化也。）其音羽，（羽音属水，其声高而清。）其物濡，（濡，湿润也。濡音如。）其数六。（水
之生数一，成数六。）故生而勿杀，长而勿罚，化而勿制，收而勿害，藏而勿抑，是谓平气。（此总结上文平气之五化也。
故木之生气治令，则收气不能纵其杀。火之长气治令，则脏气不能纵其罚。土之化气治令，则生气不能纵其制。金之收
气治令，则长气不能纵其害。水之脏气治令，则化气不能纵其抑。此皆以天气平，地气正，五化之气不相胜克，故皆曰
平气。）
委和之纪，是谓胜生，（此下详言不及之纪也。木气不及，是谓委和。凡丁壬皆属木运，而丁木阴柔，乃为不及。故
于六丁之岁，生气不政，收气胜之，是曰胜生。）生气不政，化气乃扬，（木气衰，土气无制也。）长气自平，收令乃早，
（火无所生，故长气自平，木衰金胜，故收气乃早。）凉雨时降，风云并兴，（凉为金化，风为木化，云雨皆为湿化，此
以木不及，故兼土金之化也。）草木晚荣，苍干凋落，（木不及，故草木晚荣。金胜之，故苍干凋落。）物秀而实，肤肉内
充。（生气虽晚，化气速成故也。）其气敛，其用聚，（木兼金也，收气胜也。）其动 戾拘缓，（ ，缩短也。戾，斜曲也。
拘，拘急也。缓，不收也。皆厥阴不及之病。 音软。戾音利。）其发惊骇，（风木气衰，肝胆俱病也。）其脏肝，（木之
应也。）其果枣李，（枣，土果也。李当作桃，金果也。盖木不及，则土金二果盛。下不及五运皆同。）其实核壳，（核应
木，壳应金，木衰金盛也。）其谷稷稻，（土之稷，金之稻，木不及则二谷当成也。）其味酸辛，（酸者衰，辛者胜，木兼
金化也。）其色白苍，（白，金色。苍，木色。白盛于苍也。）其畜犬鸡，（犬，木畜。鸡，金畜。有盛衰也。）其虫毛介，
（毛，木虫。介，金虫。盛衰同上。）其主雾露凄沧，（金之胜也。）其声角商，（木从金也。）其病摇动注恐，（摇动者，
筋之病。注恐者，肝胆之病。）从金化也。（此结上文木不及者，从金之化也。）少角与判商同，（此总言六丁年也。角为
木音，木不及故曰少角。金乘之，故半与商金同其化。判，半也。《新校正》云∶按火土金水之文，皆以判作少，则此当
云少角与少商同；然不云少商者，盖少角之运共有六年，而丁巳、丁亥，上角与正角同；丁卯、丁酉，上商与正商同；
丁未、丁丑，上宫与正宫同。是六年者，各有所同，与火土金水之少运不同，故不云同少商，只大约而言，以见半从商
化也。）上角与正角同，（此丁巳、丁亥年也。上见厥阴司天，是为上角。岁运不及而得司天之助，则得其敷和之平，故
与正角同也。）上商与正商同。（此丁卯、丁酉年也。木运不及，则半兼金化，若遇阳明司天，金又有助，是以木运之纪，
而得审平之化，故上商与正商同也。）其病支废痈肿疮疡，（木被金刑，经筋受病，风淫末疾，故为支废。支废，则溪谷
关节多有壅滞，而痈肿疮疡所由生也。）其甘虫，（味甘者易生虫，金胜木而土无制也，此即《气交变大论》虫食甘黄之
义。）邪伤肝也。（木气不及，则邪伤在肝。）上宫与正宫同。（此丁丑、丁未年也。上宫者，太阴司天也。岁木不及，则
土得自专，又见湿土司天之助，是以木运之纪，而行备化之政，故上宫与正宫同也。）萧 肃杀，则炎赫沸腾，（此总言
木运之胜复也。萧 肃杀，金胜木也。炎赫沸腾，火复金也。 音瑟。）眚于三，（胜复皆因于木，故灾眚在三，东方震
宫也。）所谓复也，（此承上文言子为其母而报复也。余仿此。）其主飞蠹蛆雉，（飞而蠹者，阴中之阳虫也。蛆者蝇之子，
蛆入灰中，蜕化为蝇，其性喜暖畏寒，火运之年尤多也。雉，火禽也。凡此皆火复之气所化。）乃为雷霆。（雷之迅者曰
霆。木郁极而火达之，其气则为雷霆，故易曰震为雷。）
伏明之纪，是谓胜长，（伏明之纪，火不及也。凡戊癸皆属火运，而癸以阴柔，乃为不及。故于六癸之岁，长气不宣，
脏气胜之，是谓胜长。）长气不宣，脏气反布，（火之长气，不能宣化。水之脏气，反布于时。）收气自政，化令乃衡，（金
无所畏，故收气自行其政。土无所生，故化令惟衡平耳。）寒清数举，暑令乃薄，（阴盛阳衰也。）承化物生，生而不长，
（物承土化而生者，以土无火生，虽生不长也。此即上文化令乃衡之义。）成实而稚，遇化已老，（长气不宣，故物之成
实者惟稚而短，及遇土化之令，而气已老矣。）阳气屈伏，蛰虫早藏，（阳不施于物也。）其气郁，（阳主升，不升则郁矣。）
其用暴，（火性急，郁而不伸，出必暴矣。）其动彰伏变易，（彰者火之德，火不足则彰伏不常，而多变易矣。）其发痛，（寒
胜之也。）其脏心，（火气通于心也。）其果栗桃，（栗，水果。桃，金果。火不及，故二果成也。）其实络濡，（络应火，
濡应水也。）其谷豆稻，（豆，水谷。稻，金谷。二谷成也。）其味苦咸，（苦衰咸胜也。）其色玄丹，（玄盛丹衰也。）其畜
马彘，（马，火畜当衰。彘，水畜当王也。）其虫羽鳞，（羽属火，鳞属水，有盛衰也。）其主冰雪霜寒，（水反胜也。）其
声征羽，（火音从水也。）其病昏惑悲忘，（火不足而心神溃也。）从水化也。（此结上文火不及者，从水化也。）少征与少
(Su Wen: Treatise on the Great Discussion of the Five Constants and Regular Policies)
The Yellow Emperor asked: The great void is vast and profound. The Five Movements (Wuyun) cycle and press upon each other; their decline and prosperity differ, and their gain and loss follow one another. I wish to hear how the Balanced Qi (Pingqi) is named? And how is it recorded/chronicled? (Liaokuo refers to being profound and distant. Hui refers to cycling. Bo refers to pressing closely. This chapter details the differences in the prosperity and decline of the Five Movements, and fully explains the chronicles of the three states: Balanced Qi, Deficiency, and Excess.)
Qibo replied: How brilliant your question is!
Wood's Balanced Qi is called "Fuhe" (When Wood is balanced, it spreads harmonious qi to generate all things).
Fire's Balanced Qi is called "Shengming" (The nature of Yang is ascending, its virtue is manifest).
Earth's Balanced Qi is called "Beihua" (Earth contains all things, preparing for everything; Earth generates all things, transforming everything).
Metal's Balanced Qi is called "Shenping" (Metal governs killing and punishment; when balanced, it is clear and peaceful, hence Shenping, meaning no arbitrary punishments).
Water's Balanced Qi is called "Jingshun" (Water's substance is clear and quiet, its nature is soft and compliant).
The Emperor said: What about Deficiency (Buji)?
Qibo said: Wood's Deficiency is called "Weihe" (Yang harmony is constrained, generation is reduced).
Fire's Deficiency is called "Fuming" (Yang virtue is not manifest, light is hidden).
Earth's Deficiency is called "Beijian" (Qi sinks and does not reach, governance is屈屈 [subdued] and transformation fails).
Metal's Deficiency is called "Congge" (Metal's nature is originally rigid; if deficient, it follows Fire and transforms/changes).
Water's Deficiency is called "Helou" (If Water qi is deficient, the source and flow dry up).
The Emperor said: What is meant by Excess (Taiguo)?
Qibo said: Wood's Excess is called "Fasheng" (Wood qi is excessive, generation is vigorous).
Fire's Excess is called "Hexi" (Sunlight is blazing and abundant. He sounds like 'hei', Xi sounds like 'xi').
Earth's Excess is called "Dunfu" (Dun means thick/dense; Fu means high/mound. Earth is naturally high and dense; this refers to it being exceptionally vigorous).
Metal's Excess is called "Jiancheng" (Metal's nature is hard and rigid; its function completes things. If qi is excessive, completion is particularly firm).
Water's Excess is called "Liuyan" (Yan means overflowing and full).
The Emperor said: Regarding the chronicles of these three Qi states, I wish to hear their manifestations.
Qibo said: How thorough your question is!
**Fuhe Chronicle (Wood Balanced Qi):**
Wood's virtue circulates universally; Yang expands, Yin distributes; the five transformations are declared and peaceful. (This section details the Balanced Movement chronicle. Wood's balanced movement is called Fuhe. With Wood's virtue circulating, Yang qi expands and Yin qi distributes. Thus, the five transformations of growth, development, transformation, harvest, and storage all propagate their peaceful qi through this. Note: This discussion aligns with the *Jingui Zhenyan Lun*, *Yinyang Yingxiang Dalun*, and *Wuyun Yun Dalun*. Refer to Chapters 4, 5, and 6 of the Zang-Xiang category. The *Xin Zhengxiao* notes: Wang Bing's commentary assigns years to Excess and Deficiency, but omits Balanced Movement because Balanced Years cannot be fixedly chronicled. Some suggest adding Ding Si, Ding Hai, Ding Mao, Ren Yin, Ren Shen years, which misunderstands the text. The following imitates this logic.)
Its qi is upright (straight and correct).
Its nature is compliant (soft and adapting to things).
Its function is bending and straightening (forming materials).
Its transformation is generating and flourishing (vital qi is lush).
Its category is grass and trees (all lengths, hardness, and brittleness belong to Wood).
Its governance is dispersing and ascending (Wood rules Spring; its qi rises, so governance focuses on dispersion).
Its climate is mild and warm (Spring's climate).
Its command is wind (Wood's transformation).
Its zang organ is Liver (Liver belongs to Wood).
Liver fears Cold/Clearness (Clearness refers to Metal qi).
Its orifice is the eye (Opening of the Liver).
Its grain is Hemp (Hemp color is green/cyan. *Jingui Zhenyan Lun* says: Its grain is Wheat. No Hemp mentioned there, potential textual variance).
Its fruit is Plum (Sour taste).
Its solid part is the pit/core (All pits belong to Wood, their texture is strong).
Its season corresponds to Spring (Time of Wood's dominance).
Its insects are Hairy ones (Mao, hair-like wood, same qi category).
Its domestic animal is Dog (Sour taste. *Jingui Zhenyan Lun* says: Its animal is Chicken. No Dog mentioned there).
Its color is Cyan/Green (Emerald color).
It nourishes tendons (Liver governs tendons).
Its disease is internal tension and flank/fullness distension (Disease of Jueyin Liver qi).
Its taste is Sour (Sour is Wood's transformation).
Its musical note is Jue (Jue note belongs to Wood, sound is between clear and turbid).
Its object is hard inside (Symbolizing wood within earth).
Its number is Eight (Wood's generating number is Three, completing number is Eight).
**Shengming Chronicle (Fire Balanced Qi):**
Correct Yang governs; virtue is applied universally; the five transformations are balanced. (Fire's balanced movement is Shengming. Fire rules South, hence Correct Yang. Yang reaches everywhere, hence Universal Application. Meaning of five transformations seen previously. Jun means equal; Heng means balanced.)
Its qi is high (Yang governs ascent).
Its nature is rapid (Fire nature is urgent).
Its function is burning/scorching (Moxibustion/burning).
Its transformation is luxuriant and茂 (Growth qi is vigorous).
Its category is Fire (All fires belong to this).
Its governance is bright and shining (Light of Yang).
Its climate is hot and summer heat (Fire's climate).
Its command is Heat (Fire's transformation).
Its zang organ is Heart (Heart belongs to Fire).
Heart fears Cold (Cold is Water qi).
Its orifice is the tongue (Palace of the Heart).
Its grain is Wheat (Red color. *Jingui Zhenyan Lun*: Fire grain is Millet, Wood grain is Wheat. *Zangqi Fashi Lun* also mentions Wheat as bitter).
Its fruit is Apricot (Bitter taste).
Its solid part is the network/veins (Networks within the fruit, similar to meridians).
Its season corresponds to Summer (Time of Fire's dominance).
Its insects are Feathered ones (Flying and ascending, belonging to Fire).
Its domestic animal is Horse (Fast, healthy, restless, swift, obtaining Fire nature. *Jingui Zhenyan Lun*: Metal animal is Horse, Fire animal is Sheep).
Its color is Red (Red belongs to Fire).
It nourishes Blood (Heart governs Blood).
Its disease is convulsions/spasms (Fire nature moves. Yuan, pronunciation ru yun qie).
Its taste is Bitter (Bitter is Fire's transformation).
Its musical note is Zhi (Zhi note belongs to Fire, sound is next to clear).
Its object has veins/pulse (Where veins reach, Yang qi arrives).
Its number is Seven (Fire's generating number is Two, completing number is Seven).
**Beihua Chronicle (Earth Balanced Qi):**
Qi cooperates with Heaven's rest/virtue; virtue flows through the four directions/governances; the five transformations are cultivated together. (Earth's balanced movement is Beihua. Qi cooperating with Heaven's virtue means following Heaven's transformation to assist its beauty. Virtue flowing through four directions means Earth's virtue assists the four directions to complete the policies of Metal, Wood, Water, and Fire. Thus, growth, development, transformation, harvest, and storage all receive their policy and the five are cultivated together.)
Its qi is level/even (Earth's meteorological state is level and dense).
Its nature is compliant (Complying with the nature of all things to complete their transformation).
Its function is high and low (High or low, both are its functions).
Its transformation is abundant and full (All things bearing fruit rely on Earth, hence Earth is called Chongqi [filling qi]).
Its category is Earth (All earths belong to this).
Its governance is quiet and still (Earth is dense and quiet, its governance is likewise).
Its climate is humid and steaming (Ru means wet; Zheng means hot. Long Summer's climate).
Its command is Dampness (Earth's transformation).
Its zang organ is Spleen (Spleen belongs to Earth).
Spleen fears Wind (Wind is Wood qi).
Its orifice is the mouth (Opening of the Spleen).
Its grain is Ji (Sticky millet is called Ji, excellent grain).
Its fruit is Jujube (Sweet taste).
Its solid part is flesh/meat (Earth governs muscles).
Its season corresponds to Long Summer (Long Summer is the sixth month. Earth is born from Fire, grows in mid-Summer, then dominates, hence Long Summer).
Its insects are Humans (Humans have red bodies. *Liji Yue Ling* also says: Its insect is Human. Commentary: Humans are the leaders of insects. , pronunciation lang duo qie).
Its domestic animal is Ox (Nature is gentle and slow, function is farming, obtaining Earth qi).
Its color is Yellow (Yellow belongs to Earth).
It nourishes flesh (Governed by Spleen Earth).
Its disease is obstruction/stagnation (Pi, disease of Spleen).
Its taste is Sweet (Sweet is Earth's transformation).
Its musical note is Gong (Gong note belongs to Earth, sound is low and turbid).
Its object is skin/flesh (Muscle/flesh).
Its number is Five (Earth's generating number is Five, completing number is Ten).
**Shenping Chronicle (Metal Balanced Qi):**
Collecting without contention, killing without violation, the five transformations are declared and clear. (Metal's balanced movement is Shenping. When Metal qi is balanced, it collects without contention and kills without violation. Violation means harming things. Metal qi is clear and solemn, so the five transformations obtain it and are declared and clear.)
Its qi is pure/clean (White and bright, Metal's qi).
Its nature is rigid (Strong and sharp, Metal's nature).
Its function is scattering and falling (Scattering and falling things, Metal's function).
Its transformation is firm and contracting (Contracting and strengthening, Metal's transformation).
Its category is Metal (All metals belong to this).
Its governance is vigorous and solemn (Rapid and strict, Metal's governance).
Its climate is clear and biting (Autumn's climate).
Its command is Dryness (Metal's transformation).
Its zang organ is Lung (Lung belongs to Metal).
Lung fears Heat (Heat is Fire qi).
Its orifice is the nose (Opening of the Lung).
Its grain is Rice (White color).
Its fruit is Peach (Pungent/Acrid taste).
Its solid part is shell/husk (All skins/shells are hard, Metal stands outside).
Its season corresponds to Autumn (Time of Metal's dominance).
Its insects are Armored ones (Hard shells, obtaining Metal qi).
Its domestic animal is Chicken (Nature likes fighting, thus belongs to Metal. *Jingui Zhenyan Lun*: Wood animal is Chicken, Metal animal is Horse).
Its color is White (White belongs to Metal).
It nourishes skin and hair (Governed by Lung Metal).
Its disease is cough (Lung Metal disease).
Its taste is Pungent/Acrid (Pungent is Metal's transformation).
Its musical note is Shang (Shang note belongs to Metal, sound is next to turbid).
Its object is hard outside (Shell-like).
Its number is Nine (Metal's generating number is Four, completing number is Nine).
**Jingshun Chronicle (Water Balanced Qi):**
Storing without harm, governing and favoring the lower, the five transformations are completely integrated. (Water's balanced movement is Jingshun. When Water qi is balanced, it stores without harm and governs by favoring the lower. The reason rivers and seas become kings of all valleys is that their virtue lies entirely in favoring the lower. The five transformations integrate after receiving Water, hence Xianzheng [completely integrated].)
Its qi is bright/clear (Water is Qi of Tianyi, hence dark outside but bright inside).
Its nature is downward (Flowing dampness to low places, Water's nature).
Its function is irrigating and overflowing (Wo means irrigate; Yan means overflow. Wo sounds like wu).
Its transformation is coagulating and firm (Visceral qi distributes transformation, then all things coagulate and firm up).
Its category is Water (All waters belong to this).
Its governance is flowing and spreading (Yan means long-flowing appearance. Wells/springs do not dry, rivers flow endlessly, all meanings of Liuyan. Yan is same as Yan).
Its climate is congealing and solemn (Winter's climate).
Its command is Cold (Water's transformation).
Its zang organ is Kidney (Kidney belongs to Water).
Kidney fears Dampness (Dampness is Earth qi).
Its orifice is the two yin openings (Opening of the Kidney).
Its grain is Beans (Shu. Grain color purely black, only beans have it).
Its fruit is Chestnut (Salty taste).
Its solid part is moist/juice (Juice within the solid).
Its season corresponds to Winter (Time of Water's dominance).
Its insects are Scaled ones (Born in water).
Its domestic animal is Pig/Zhi (Shi. Color mostly black, nature favors lowering. Zhi sounds like zhi).
Its color is Black (Black belongs to Water).
It nourishes bone marrow (Qi is deep, governed by Kidney Water).
Its disease is Jue/Reversal (Reversal of Yin qi).
Its taste is Salty (Salty is Water's transformation).
Its musical note is Yu (Yu note belongs to Water, sound is high and clear).
Its object is moist/wet (Ru, moist/wet. Ru sounds like ru).
Its number is Six (Water's generating number is One, completing number is Six).
Therefore, generate without killing, grow without punishing, transform without restricting, collect without harming, store without suppressing; this is called Balanced Qi. (This summarizes the five transformations of the above Balanced Qi. Thus, when Wood's generating qi governs, Collecting qi cannot freely kill. When Fire's growing qi governs, Storage qi cannot freely punish. When Earth's transforming qi governs, Generating qi cannot freely restrict. When Metal's collecting qi governs, Growing qi cannot freely harm. When Water's storing qi governs, Transforming qi cannot freely suppress. These are all because Heaven's qi is balanced and Earth's qi is correct, so the qi of the five transformations do not overcome each other, hence all are called Balanced Qi.)
**Weihe Chronicle (Wood Deficiency):**
This is called "Shengsheng" (Victory over Generation). (This section details Deficiency chronicles. Wood qi deficiency is called Weihe. All Ding and Ren years belong to Wood movement, but Ding Wood is yin and soft, thus deficient. Therefore, in the six Ding years, Generating qi does not govern, Collecting qi wins over it, called Shengsheng.)
Generating qi does not govern, Transforming qi rises (Wood qi declines, Earth qi is unchecked).
Growing qi naturally levels, Collecting command comes early (Fire has nothing to generate, so Growing qi levels; Wood declines and Metal wins, so Collecting qi comes early).
Cool rain falls at times, wind and clouds rise together (Cool is Metal transformation, Wind is Wood transformation, Cloud/Rain are Damp transformation. Because Wood is deficient, it combines Earth and Metal transformations).
Grass and trees bloom late, cyan branches wither and fall (Wood deficient, so grass/trees bloom late. Metal wins, so cyan branches wither).
Objects show beauty and bear fruit, skin/flesh fills inwardly (Generating qi is late, but Transforming qi forms quickly).
Its qi condenses, its function gathers (Wood combines with Metal, Collecting qi wins).
Its movement is shortening, crooked, contracted, or relaxed (Suo, shortening. Li, crooked. Ju, contracted/tight. Huan, not gathering. All diseases of Jueyin deficiency. Ruan sounds like ruan. Li sounds like li).
Its outbreak is fright and alarm (Wind-Wood qi declines, Liver and Gallbladder both diseased).
Its zang organ is Liver (Response of Wood).
Its fruits are Jujube and Plum (Jujube, Earth fruit. Plum should be Peach, Metal fruit. Since Wood is deficient, Earth and Metal fruits prosper. Same for subsequent deficient Five Movements).
Its solids are pits and shells (Pit responds to Wood, Shell responds to Metal; Wood declines, Metal prospers).
Its grains are Ji and Rice (Earth's Ji, Metal's Rice; Wood deficient, these two grains form).
Its tastes are Sour and Pungent (Sour is weak, Pungent is winning, Wood combines Metal transformation).
Its colors are White and Cyan (White, Metal color. Cyan, Wood color. White is stronger than Cyan).
Its animals are Dog and Chicken (Dog, Wood animal. Chicken, Metal animal. There is strength and weakness).
Its insects are Hairy and Armored (Mao, Wood insect. Jie, Metal insect. Strength/weakness same as above).
Its main climate is fog, dew, and chill (Metal's victory).
Its sounds are Jue and Shang (Wood follows Metal).
Its diseases are trembling/movement and diarrhea/fear (Trembling is tendon disease. Diarrhea/Fear is Liver/Gallbladder disease).
Follows Metal transformation (Summarizes Wood deficiency following Metal transformation).
Shaojue is same as Banshang (Total statement of six Ding years. Jue is Wood note, Wood deficient so called Shaojue. Metal attacks it, so half is same as Shang Metal transformation. Pan means half. *Xin Zhengxiao* notes: In texts for Fire, Earth, Metal, Water, Pan is written as Shao, so this should say Shaojue is same as Shaoshang; however, not saying Shaoshang is because Shaojue movement has six years total: Ding Si, Ding Hai, Shangjue is same as Zhengjue; Ding Mao, Ding You, Shangshang is same as Zhengshang; Ding Wei, Ding Chou, Shanggong is same as Zhenggong. These six years each have similarities, different from Fire/Earth/Metal/Water Shao movements, so it doesn't say same as Shaoshang, only generally stating half follows Shang transformation).
Shangjue is same as Zhengjue (These are Ding Si, Ding Hai years. Shang appears Jueyin ruling Heaven, called Shangjue. Year movement deficient but aided by ruling Heaven, thus obtaining Fuhe balance, so same as Zhengjue).
Shangshang is same as Zhengshang (These are Ding Mao, Ding You years. Wood movement deficient, so half combines Metal transformation. If encountering Yangming ruling Heaven, Metal is further aided. Thus, in Wood movement chronicle, it obtains Shenping transformation, so Shangshang is same as Zhengshang).
Its diseases are limb paralysis, carbuncles, swellings, sores, ulcers (Wood punished by Metal, meridians/tendons diseased. Wind invades extremities, hence limb paralysis. Limb paralysis causes stagnation in joints, leading to carbuncles/ulcers).
Its Gan insects (Gan taste leads to easy worm generation; Metal wins Wood and Earth is unchecked, this is the meaning of *Jiaobian Da Lun* regarding worms eating sweet/yellow).
Evil injures the Liver (Wood qi deficient, so evil injures Liver).
Shanggong is same as Zhenggong (These are Ding Chou, Ding Wei years. Shang Gong is Taiyin ruling Heaven. Year Wood deficient, so Earth takes exclusive control, plus aid from Damp-Earth ruling Heaven. Thus, Wood movement chronicle executes Beihua policy, so Shanggong is same as Zhenggong).
Xiaosu (Desolate/Solemn) killing occurs, then Yanhe (Blazing Hot) boiling happens (General statement of Wood movement Victory/Revenge. Xiaosu is Metal winning Wood. Yanhe is Fire revenging Metal. Se sounds like se).
Disaster affects Three (Victory/Revenge all due to Wood, so disaster is in Three, East Zhen Palace).
Called Revenge (Continuing previous text: Son avenges Mother. Others follow this).
Its main responses are flying borers, maggots, pheasants (Flying and boring are Yin-within-Yang insects. Maggots are fly larvae, turning into flies in ash, liking warmth fearing cold, especially common in Fire years. Pheasant, Fire bird. All these are transformed by Fire revenge qi).
Then there are thunder and lightning (Swift thunder is Ting. Wood depressed to extreme, Fire releases it, its qi becomes thunder/lightning, hence I Ching says Zhen is Thunder).
**Fuming Chronicle (Fire Deficiency):**
This is called "Shengzhang" (Victory over Growth). (Fuming chronicle, Fire deficiency. All Wu and Gui years belong to Fire movement, but Gui is yin and soft, thus deficient. Therefore, in six Gui years, Growing qi is not declared, Storage qi wins, called Shengzhang.)
Growing qi is not declared, Storage qi counter-distributes (Fire's growing qi cannot declare/transform. Water's storage qi counter-distributes in time).
Collecting qi governs itself, Transforming command balances (Metal has no fear, so Collecting qi governs itself. Earth has no generation, so Transforming command is merely balanced).
Cold and clear frequently rise, Summer command becomes thin (Yin excess, Yang decline).
Inheriting transformation generates life, generating but not growing (Objects inheriting Earth transformation are generated, but since Earth lacks Fire generation, they generate but do not grow. This is the meaning of Transforming command balancing).
Fruiting is immature, meeting transformation already old (Growing qi not declared, so objects that fruit are only immature/short; by the time Earth transformation command arrives, qi is already old).
Yang qi is屈伏 (constrained/submerged), hibernating insects hide early (Yang does not apply to things).
Its qi is depressed (Yang governs ascent, not ascending means depression).
Its function is violent/explosive (Fire nature is urgent, depressed and not extending, when released must be violent).
Its movement is manifest/hidden change (Manifest is Fire's virtue; Fire insufficient means manifest/hidden irregular, changing often).
Its outbreak is pain (Cold wins it).
Its zang organ is Heart (Fire qi connects to Heart).
Its fruits are Chestnut and Peach (Chestnut, Water fruit. Peach, Metal fruit. Fire deficient, so these two fruits form).
Its solids are networks and moisture (Network responds to Fire, Moisture responds to Water).
Its grains are Beans and Rice (Beans, Water grain. Rice, Metal grain. Two grains form).
Its tastes are Bitter and Salty (Bitter weak, Salty wins).
Its colors are Dark/Xuan and Red/Dan (Xuan strong, Dan weak).
Its animals are Horse and Pig (Horse, Fire animal, should be weak. Pig, Water animal, should dominate).
Its insects are Feathered and Scaled (Feathered belongs to Fire, Scaled belongs to Water, strength/weakness exists).
Its main climate is ice, snow, frost, cold (Water counter-wins).
Its sounds are Zhi and Yu (Fire note follows Water).
Its diseases are confusion, sorrow, forgetfulness (Fire insufficient, Heart-Mind collapses).
Follows Water transformation (Summarizes Fire deficiency following Water transformation).
Shaozhi is same as Shao...