自轩岐论医药以剪民患,百世而下言医者莫不奉为金科,然辞简义奥,读之有不能即得其解,则望洋而叹者
多矣。古人之意既不可见,或窃取世俗之书得其绪余,唯多较病于寸匕,绳方于点墨,此等欲期以决嫌疑、定生
死,不亦难乎!昔秦越人有云∶“闻病之阴,论得其阳;闻病之阳,论得其阴。”其起虢太子也,取之于三阳
五会以更适阴阳,而太子卒苏。其次齐桓公之病进也,自腠理渐及于肠胃骨髓,而后卒如其言。太仓公受公乘
阳庆五色诊奇咳术,精解之,决人生死,燎若指掌。此皆去轩岐之代未远,前圣精意尚有师承,其于内经之所
谓脏腑因应,以至十二经十五络之传变,皆洞晰其所以然之故,是以终古称为神医。夫所谓内经者,即汉艺文
志所载素问、灵枢是也。隋全元起注于前,唐王太仆注于后,宋林亿、孙兆复为之校正,亦云详矣,而读者尚
未能晓畅厥旨。余门下士庶常秦子逸少为余言,其内兄姚止庵,老经生也,甲申、乙酉间去儒而为医,医药之
书靡不贯穿讨论,而尤殚精于内经一编,以为是上古圣人精义所存,所以调燮气化、拯救斯民者胥于是乎在,
乃钩深研赜,割剥理解,神而明之,观其会通。以素问虽有注而犹未尽,而灵枢且无注可读,遂发愤作注,先
后十四年始成,名曰节解,而经中不传之秘始 抉殆尽,使读者涣然冰释,旷若发蒙。今特付剞劂,乞余一言
弁其首。余于轩岐之理本未究心,窃观秦医和之论疾,推明六气五味五色五声六疾,其言性命之微,天人之应,
义蕴弘深,至论蛊惑之疾,女惑男,风落山,援引周易精意以参证,即齐鲁之学人或未能过,始信此事非根极
理要而通于儒术者,未易言也。今止庵以经生而耽思医理,我知其所得可以上溯古人,而轩岐之传从此集其大
成,兹书之行,于以拯世保身均有攸赖也已。是为叙。
时康熙岁次己未十月赐进士及第通奉大夫特加礼部侍郎詹事府詹事兼翰林院侍读学士加一级沈荃撰
Since Xuanyuan (Yellow Emperor) and Qibo discussed medicine to alleviate the people's ailments, those who speak of medicine in subsequent generations have regarded their teachings as golden rules that must not be violated. However, the text is concise in wording and profound in meaning; readers often fail to grasp its interpretation immediately, leading many to sigh helplessly before its vastness. Since the intentions of the ancients are no longer visible, some steal fragments from secular books to obtain residual knowledge, focusing merely on measuring doses with an inch-sized scoop or debating prescriptions over a dot of ink. Is it not difficult for such people to hope to resolve doubts and determine life and death through these means?
In the past, Qin Yueren (Bian Que) said, "Hearing the Yin manifestations of a disease allows one to deduce its Yang mechanisms; hearing the Yang manifestations allows one to deduce its Yin mechanisms." When he treated the Crown Prince of Guo, he utilized the San Yang Wu Hui (Three Yang Five Convergences) acupoints to restore balance between Yin and Yang, resulting in the prince's revival. Similarly, when Duke Huan of Qi's illness progressed, moving gradually from the Cou Li (interstices of skin and muscle) to the stomach, intestines, and bone marrow, his death eventually occurred exactly as predicted. Cang Tai Gong (Chunyu Yi) received the techniques of Five-Color Diagnosis and Qi Ke (Strange Cough) from Gong Cheng Yang Qing, studied them meticulously, and could predict life and death with clarity as if pointing at his palm. These figures lived close to the era of Xuanyuan and Qibo, inheriting the profound insights of previous sages. They thoroughly understood the reasons behind the correspondences between Zang-Fu organs (viscera and bowels) described in the Nei Jing (Inner Canon), as well as the transmission changes of the Twelve Meridians (Twelve Channels) and Fifteen Collaterals. Hence, they have been called divine physicians since ancient times.
The so-called Nei Jing refers to the Su Wen (Basic Questions) and Ling Shu (Spiritual Pivot) recorded in the Book of Han: Treatise on Literature. Quan Yuanqi of the Sui Dynasty provided annotations earlier, while Wang Bing (Wang Taipu) of the Tang Dynasty annotated later. Lin Yi and Sun Zhao of the Song Dynasty further corrected them, making the work quite detailed. Yet, readers still struggled to fully comprehend its purport. My student, Qin Yishao (a Hanlin Academician), told me that his brother-in-law, Yao Zhinan, was a veteran scholar of Confucian classics. During the Jiashen and Yihai years, he abandoned Confucianism for medicine. He thoroughly discussed all medical texts but devoted particular energy to the Nei Jing, believing it to contain the essential wisdom of ancient sages, crucial for regulating Qi transformation (Qi Hua) and saving the people. He delved deep into its mysteries, dissecting and understanding its principles, illuminating them spiritually, and observing their integration. Although the Su Wen had annotations, they were incomplete, and the Ling Shu lacked annotations entirely. Thus, he resolved to annotate it, taking fourteen years to complete the work, titled Jie Jie (Sectional Explanation). This effort uncovered almost all the secret transmissions within the classic, allowing readers to understand it clearly, like ice melting or a veil being lifted. It is now being printed, and I am asked to write a preface.
I have not deeply studied the theories of Xuanyuan and Qibo. However, observing the physician He of Qin discuss diseases, he elucidated the Six Qi (Six Energies), Five Flavors, Five Colors, Five Sounds, and Six Diseases. His discussion on the subtleties of life nature and the correspondence between Heaven and humanity was profound. Regarding the disease caused by bewitchment, he cited the I Ching (Book of Changes) with phrases like "Woman bewitches man" and "Wind blows down the mountain," using their precise meanings for verification. Even scholars from Qi and Lu might not surpass him. I came to believe that discussing this matter requires rooting out ultimate principles and mastering Confucian arts; it is not easy for others to do so. Now, Yao Zhinan, a scholar of classics, immerses himself in medical theory. I know his achievements can trace back to the ancients, and the lineage of Xuanyuan and Qibo will achieve great synthesis through this collection. The publication of this book will greatly contribute to saving the world and preserving oneself. This is the preface.
Written in the tenth month of the Jiwei year of the Kangxi reign by Shen Quan, who was granted the Jinshi degree, held the rank of Tongfeng Daifu, specially added Vice Minister of Rites, Director of the Palace Library, and Scholar-in-waiting of the Hanlin Academy, with an additional grade.