夫大道始生于一气，一气分别清浊，升降而为二仪，天为阳，地为阴，其二也。天地阴阳，
各分三等，而太少不同，故有三阴三阳之六气也。天非纯阳，而亦有三阴，地非纯阴，而亦有三
阳，是故天地各有三阴三阳，而为十二矣。天之阴阳，应人之手，地之阴阳，应人之足，以应手
足三阴三阳十二经脉也。故经曰∶岁半之前，天气主之，岁半之后，地气主之。又，经曰身半之
上，天气主之，身半之下，地气主之。然正谓脐以上应春夏，脐以下应秋冬。然春天中之阳，夏
为天中之阴，秋为地中之阳，冬为地中之阴。故经曰∶天以阳生阴长，地以阳杀阴藏，是以明其
春生、夏长、秋收、冬藏之令也，是以知寅卯辰为手三阳，巳午未为手三阴，申酉戌为足三阳，
亥子丑为足三阴也。天地阴阳气运，以平为期，各无盛衰，则无胜复淫 灾眚之变。人之手足三
阴三阳十二经脉亦然，和平各无盛衰则无疾病，不和则病由生也。
足厥阴肝病，则腰痛不可以俯仰，丈夫 疝，妇人小腹肿， 胁痛引少腹。甚则嗌干，面尘，
善怒，忽忽眩冒巅疾，目赤肿痛，耳聋颊肿。虚则目KT KT 无所见，耳无所闻，善恐，如人将
捕之，胸满，呕逆，飧泄，狐疝，遗溺，闭
癃。
足少阳胆病，则喜呕，呕有苦，善太息，心胁痛，不能转侧。甚则面尘，身无膏泽，足外反
热。虚则头痛，目锐 痛，缺盆中肿痛，腋下肿，马刀侠瘿，汗出振寒，疟，胸、胁、肋、髀、
膝外至 、绝骨、外踝前及诸节皆痛，小指次指不用。
手少阴心病，则胸中痛，两胁痛，膺背肩胛间痛，两臂内痛。甚则嗌干，心痛，渴而欲饮，
身热，肤痛，烦心，谵妄。虚则善悲，时睡卧，胸腹大，胁下与腰背相引痛，目黄，胁痛， 臂
内后廉痛厥，掌中热痛。
手太阳小肠病，则嗌痛，颔痛肿，不可回顾，肩似拔， 似折。虚则少腹控睾，引腰脊，上
冲心痛，耳聋，目黄，颊颔肿，肩、 、臂外后廉痛。
手厥阴心包络病，则手心热，臂肘挛急，腋肿。甚则胸胁支满，心中 大动，面赤，目黄，
喜笑不休。虚则烦心，心痛，掌中热。
手少阳三焦病，则耳聋浑浑 ，嗌肿，喉痹，小腹肿，不得小便。虚则汗出，目锐 痛，
耳后、肩、 、肘、臂外皆痛，小指次指不能为用。
足太阴脾病，则舌本强，食则呕，腹胀，溏，瘕泄水闭，饮发中满，食减，善噫，身体皆重。
甚则善饥，肉痿，足不收，行善 ，脚下痛，四肢不举，大小便不通。虚则腹满肠鸣，飧泄，食
不化，舌本痛，体不能动摇，食不下，烦心，心下急痛，寒疟，水闭，黄胆，不能卧，强立，股
膝内肿厥，足大指不用。
足阳明胃病，则洒洒振寒，善伸，数欠，病至则恶人与火，闻木音则惕然而惊，心欲动，独
闭户牖而处。甚
则欲上高而歌，弃衣而走，贲响腹胀，骂詈不避亲疏，是谓 厥。气盛则病身以前皆热，消谷善
饥，溺色黄，气虚则身以前皆寒栗，胃中寒则腹胀满。盛则胃脘当心而痛、上走两胁，膈咽不通，
饮食不下，狂，疟，温淫，汗出，鼽衄，口 ，唇胗，颈肿，喉痹，腹胀水肿，膝膑肿痛，循膺、
乳、气街、伏兔、 外廉、足跗上皆痛，中指不能为用。
手太阴肺病，则胀满，膨膨而喘咳，缺盆中痛，咳，上气喘喝，烦心，胸满， 臂内前廉痛
厥。甚则交两手而瞀，肩背痛，风寒汗出。虚则气少不能报息，溺色变。
手阳明大肠病，则齿痛，颈肿。虚则目黄，口干，鼽衄，喉痹，腹中雷鸣，气常冲胃，喘不
能久立，肩前 痛，大指次指痛不能用。
足少阴肾病，则饥不欲食，面如漆柴，咳唾则有血，喝喝而喘，坐而欲起，目KT KT 如无
所见，心悬，如饥，腹大胫肿，喘咳，寝汗出，憎风。虚则腹满身重，濡泄，寒疡流水，腰肢痛
发， 、 、股、膝不便，烦冤，足痿，清厥，意不乐，大便难，善恐，心惕惕如人将捕之，是
为骨厥。实则口热，舌干，咽肿，上气，嗌干及痛，烦心，心痛，黄胆，肠 ，脊臀股内后廉痛，
痿厥，嗜卧不宁，足下热而痛。
足太阳膀胱病，则囟顶脑户中痛，气冲头痛，目似脱，项似拔，腰似折，髀不可以曲， 如
结， 如裂，是为踝厥。虚则痔，疟，巅疾，头、囟、项痛，目黄，泪出，项、背、腰、脊、尻、
、脚皆痛，小指不能为用。
The Great Dao originates from one Qi (vital energy). This Qi differentiates into clear and turbid parts, rising and descending to form the Two Modes (Yin and Yang). Heaven is Yang, Earth is Yin; this constitutes the "Two". The Yin and Yang of Heaven and Earth are each divided into three grades, differing in excess (Tai) and deficiency (Shao), thus generating the Six Qi (Six Energies) of Three Yin and Three Yang. Heaven is not purely Yang, but also contains Three Yin; Earth is not purely Yin, but also contains Three Yang. Therefore, Heaven and Earth each possess Three Yin and Three Yang, totaling twelve. The Yin and Yang of Heaven correspond to the hands of humans, and the Yin and Yang of Earth correspond to the feet, aligning with the Twelve Meridians of Hand and Foot Three Yin and Three Yang. Thus, the Classics state: In the first half of the year, the Qi of Heaven dominates; in the second half, the Qi of Earth dominates. Furthermore, the Classics state: Above the midpoint of the body, the Qi of Heaven dominates; below the midpoint, the Qi of Earth dominates. Specifically, above the umbilicus corresponds to Spring and Summer, while below the umbilicus corresponds to Autumn and Winter. The Yang within Spring, the Yin within Summer, the Yang within Autumn, and the Yin within Winter follow this pattern. Hence, the Classics say: Heaven generates through Yang and grows through Yin; Earth kills (subdues) through Yang and stores through Yin. This clarifies the mandates of Spring generation, Summer growth, Autumn harvest, and Winter storage. From this, we know that the months of Yin, Mao, and Chen correspond to the Three Yang Meridians of the Hand; Si, Wu, and Wei correspond to the Three Yin Meridians of the Hand; Shen, You, and Xu correspond to the Three Yang Meridians of the Foot; and Hai, Zi, and Chou correspond to the Three Yin Meridians of the Foot. The movement of Yin and Yang Qi in Heaven and Earth aims for balance; if there is no excess or deficiency, there will be no variations such as overacting, counter-acting, or excessive disasters. Similarly, the Twelve Meridians of the Hand and Foot Three Yin and Three Yang in humans: if they are harmonious without excess or deficiency, disease does not arise; if disharmonious, disease is generated.
When the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian (Zu Jueyin Gan Jing) is diseased, there is lower back pain preventing bending and stretching, hernia in men, swelling of the lower abdomen in women, and hypochondriac pain radiating to the lower abdomen. Severe cases present with dry throat, dusty complexion, irritability, sudden dizziness and vertigo, head disorders, red and swollen painful eyes, deafness, and swollen cheeks. Deficiency patterns manifest as blurred vision, hearing loss, fearfulness (as if being hunted), chest fullness, vomiting and rebellious Qi, undigested diarrhea, fox hernia, urinary incontinence, and strangury (difficulty urinating).
When the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (Zu Shaoyang Dan Jing) is diseased, there is a tendency to vomit bitter fluid, frequent sighing, pain in the heart and hypochondrium, and inability to turn the body. Severe cases show a dusty complexion, lack of luster on the body skin, and heat on the lateral aspect of the foot. Deficiency patterns include headache, pain at the outer canthus of the eye, swelling and pain in the supracleavicular fossa, axillary swelling, scrofula (mar knife and collarbone goiter), sweating with chills, malaria, and pain in the chest, hypochondrium, ribs, thigh, lateral knee, Juegu point, anterior lateral malleolus, and various joints, with dysfunction of the fourth and fifth toes.
When the Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian (Shou Shaoyin Xin Jing) is diseased, there is pain in the chest center, bilateral hypochondriac pain, pain between the chest, back, and scapula, and pain in the medial aspect of both arms. Severe cases present with dry throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink, fever, skin pain, vexation, and delirium. Deficiency patterns involve sadness, somnolence, abdominal distension, pulling pain between the hypochondrium and lower back, yellow eyes, hypochondriac pain, coldness and pain along the posterior medial border of the arm, and heat/pain in the palm.
When the Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian (Shou Taiyang Xiaochang Jing) is diseased, there is sore throat, swelling and pain in the jaw, inability to look back, shoulder pain feeling like pulling, and elbow pain feeling like breaking. Deficiency patterns include lower abdominal pain radiating to the testicles and lumbar spine, upward rushing pain in the heart, deafness, yellow eyes, cheek and jaw swelling, and pain along the posterior lateral aspect of the shoulder, elbow, and arm.
When the Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian (Shou Juexin Xinbao Luo) is diseased, there is heat in the palms, spasms and stiffness of the arms and elbows, and axillary swelling. Severe cases present with distending fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, violent palpitations, red face, yellow eyes, and incessant laughter. Deficiency patterns involve vexation, heart pain, and heat in the palms.
When the Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Meridian (Shou Shaoyang Sanjiao Jing) is diseased, there is deafness with muffled hearing, swollen throat, pharyngeal obstruction, lower abdominal swelling, and inability to urinate. Deficiency patterns include sweating, pain at the outer canthus, and pain behind the ear, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, with dysfunction of the fourth and fifth toes.
When the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian (Zu Taiyin Pi Jing) is diseased, there is stiffness of the tongue root, vomiting after eating, abdominal distension, loose stools, mass-like diarrhea or water retention with urinary obstruction, chest fullness due to fluid retention, reduced appetite, frequent belching, and heaviness of the body. Severe cases present with hunger, muscle atrophy, weakness of the feet, falling during walking, foot pain, inability to lift the limbs, and obstruction of bowel and bladder movements. Deficiency patterns include abdominal fullness, borborygmus, undigested diarrhea, indigestion, tongue root pain, immobility, difficulty eating, vexation, acute epigastric pain, cold malaria, urinary obstruction, jaundice, inability to lie flat, swelling and coldness in the inner thighs and knees when standing forcibly, and dysfunction of the great toe.
When the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian (Zu Yangming Wei Jing) is diseased, there is aversion to cold with shivering, desire to stretch, frequent yawning, aversion to people and fire upon onset, startle response to wooden sounds, palpitations, and a preference for staying alone in closed rooms. Severe cases may involve climbing high to sing, discarding clothes and running, rumbling abdominal distension, cursing without regard for kinship, known as Manic Jue. Excess patterns present with heat in the anterior body, rapid digestion with easy hunger, and yellow urine. Deficiency patterns present with coldness and shivering in the anterior body; cold in the stomach causes abdominal distension. Excess patterns cause pain in the epigastrium radiating to the hypochondrium, obstruction of the diaphragm and throat, difficulty swallowing, mania, malaria, warm pathogenic invasion, sweating, rhinorrhea/epistaxis, mouth sores, lip lesions, neck swelling, pharyngeal obstruction, abdominal distension with edema, knee and patella swelling, and pain along the chest, breast, Qichong area, Futu, lateral leg, and dorsum of the foot, with dysfunction of the middle finger.
When the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian (Shou Taiyin Fei Jing) is diseased, there is chest fullness, distending wheezing and coughing, pain in the supracleavicular fossa, upper airway wheezing, vexation, chest fullness, and coldness/pain along the anterior medial border of the arm. Severe cases involve crossing arms over the chest with visual obscuration, shoulder and back pain, and sweating due to wind-cold. Deficiency patterns present with shortness of breath (inability to complete inhalation/exhalation cycles) and changes in urine color.
When the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian (Shou Yangming Dachang Jing) is diseased, there is toothache and neck swelling. Deficiency patterns include yellow eyes, dry mouth, rhinorrhea/epistaxis, pharyngeal obstruction, borborygmus, Qi rushing to the stomach, inability to stand for long periods due to asthma, pain in the anterior shoulder, and pain/dysfunction of the index and thumb.
When the Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian (Zu Shaoyin Shen Jing) is diseased, there is hunger without desire to eat, dark and withered complexion like lacquered wood, blood in sputum, wheezing with sound, restlessness (wanting to sit up then stand), blurred vision, sensation of hunger in the heart, abdominal swelling, calf swelling, wheezing/coughing, night sweats, and aversion to wind. Deficiency patterns include abdominal fullness, heavy body, damp diarrhea, oozing cold ulcers, lumbar and limb pain, difficulty moving hips/thighs/knees, depression, foot flaccidity, cold extremities, unhappiness, difficult defecation, fearfulness, palpitations (as if being hunted), known as Bone Jue. Excess patterns present with oral heat, dry tongue, swollen throat, rebellious Qi, dry/painful throat, vexation, heart pain, jaundice, intestinal issues, pain along the posterior medial spine/buttocks/thighs, flaccidity/cold extremities, lethargy/restlessness, and heat/pain in the soles.
When the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian (Zu Taiyang Pangguang Jing) is diseased, there is pain in the fontanelle and Naohu region, Qi-rushing headache, eyes feeling like they are protruding, neck feeling like it is being pulled, waist feeling like it is broken, inability to bend the thighs, binding sensation in the popliteal fossa, tearing sensation in the calves, known as Ankle Jue. Deficiency patterns include hemorrhoids, malaria, vertex disorders, pain in the head, fontanelle, and neck, yellow eyes, tearing, and pain in the neck, back, waist, spine, sacrum, popliteal fossa, calf, and foot, with dysfunction of the little toe.