杜壬治三十七太尉，忽患小肠气痛，诸医不效，每一发几死。上召杜至，进药数服无验。太尉曰∶我命不
久，致良医不能治。上召杜问所以，杜对曰∶臣用古方，皆不获愈，今自撰一方，容进上。遂合药以进，一服
十愈八九，再服全愈。因名方曰救命通心散。川乌头一两，用青盐一钱，酒一盏浸一宿，去皮尖焙干；川楝子一
两，用巴豆二十一粒，同炒候黑色，去巴豆；茴香半两；石燕一对；土狗五枚；芥子一钱六分。为末，每服三
钱，入羊石子内，湿纸煨香熟。夜半时用好酒半升，入盐，细嚼石子，以酒徐徐咽下，不得作声，其病遂
去。（曹五家。今《纲目》秘此方。）
辛稼轩初自北方还朝，官建康，忽得疝疾，重坠大如杯。有道人教以取叶珠，（即薏苡仁。）用东方壁
土炒黄色，然后小火煮燥，入砂盆内研成膏，每用无灰酒调下二钱即消。程沙随病此，稼轩用之大效。（《宦游纪闻》。）
张子和治殄寇镇一夫，病 疟发渴，痛饮蜜浆，剧伤冰水。医者莫知泻去其湿，反杂进姜、附，（雄按∶
粗工每蹈此弊。）湿为燥热，所至三焦闭溢，水道不行，阴道不兴，阴囊肿坠，大于升斗。张先以导水百余丸，
少顷以猪肾散投之，是夜泻青赤水一斗，遂失痛之所在。又颖尾一夫病疝气，赤肿大痛，数日不止，诸药如水
投石，张以导水一百五十丸，令三次咽之，次以通经散三钱，空腹淡酒调下，五更下脏腑壅积之物数行，痛
肿皆去，不三日平复如故。
李审言因劳役饮水，坐湿地，乃湿气下行，流入脬内，囊大肿痛不可忍，以川楝子等药不效。求治于张，
曰∶可服泄水丸。审言惑之。又数日，痛不可堪，竟从张，先以舟车丸、浚川散，下青绿沫十余行，痛止。次
服茴香丸、五苓以调之，三日而肿退，至老更不作。夫疝者，乃肝病也。下青沫者，肝之色也。
王敏之病寒疝，脐下结聚如黄瓜，每发绕脐急痛不能忍，以舟车丸、猪肾散，下四五行，觉药绕病三五
次而下，其泻皆水也。猪肾、甘遂皆苦寒，经言以寒治寒，万举万全。但下后忌饮冷水及寒物，宜食干物，以
寒疝本是水故也。即日病减八分，食进一倍。又数日，以舟车丸百余粒，通经散四五钱服之。利下后三四日，
又服舟车丸七八十粒，猪肾散三钱，乃健步如常矣。
一僧病疝，发作冷气上贯齿，下贯肾，紧如绳挽，两睾时肿而冷，两手脉细而弱，断之曰∶秋脉也。此因
金气在上，下伐肝木，木畏金，抑而不伸，故病如是。肝气磐礴，不能下荣于睾丸，故其寒实非寒也。木受金
制，传之胃土，胃为阳明，故上贯齿痛，非齿之病。肝木者，心火之母也，母既不伸，子亦屈伏，故下冷而水
化乘之。经曰∶木郁则达之，土郁则泄之。令涌泄四次，果觉气和，睾丸痒而暖，此气已入睾中也。以茴香木
茂之药，使常服之，一月而愈。
霍秀才之子，年十三，睾丸一旁肿胀。张见之曰∶此因惊恐得之。惊之为病，上行则为呕血，下则肾伤而
为水肿。以琥珀通经散，一泻而消散。
朱丹溪治郑子敬，因吃酒后饮水与水果，偏肾大，时作蛙声，或作痛，炒枳实一两，茴香盐炒、炒栀子各
三钱，研煎，下保和丸。
昌世官膀胱气下坠如蛙声，臭橘子核炒十枚，桃仁二十枚，萝卜自然汁，研下保和丸七十丸。
兄年三十，左肾核肿痛。此饮食中湿，坠下成热。以橘核（即臭橘。）五枚，桃仁五枚，细研，顺流水一盏，
煎沸热，下保和丸。
龚子才治一船家，小肠疝气肿痛不可忍，又病两眼肿痛，眵泪隐涩，两寸脉洪数，两尺脉微，此上盛下虚
之症。用凉药治眼，则疝痛愈增，用热药治疝，则眼痛愈盛，百治不效。与木香金铃丸，空心服，以治下焦之
虚寒；以退血散，卧时服，以治上焦之风热。各三服均愈。
赵雪山因劳后五更起早感寒，疝气痛不可忍，憎寒战栗，六脉微而无力，以五积散加吴茱萸、小茴香，又
与蟠葱散，俱不效。后以艾灸之，将患人两脚掌相对，以带子绑住，两中趾合缝处，以艾炷麦粒大灸七壮，灸
完痛止，神效。
子才亲家周少峰，患疝气偏坠，肿痛不可忍。遇秀才传一方，用黄土水和作干泥，拍作大饼，于火上烘热，
熨痛处，冷则再易，立愈。
万密斋治朱氏子，病卵肿，逾年不消，成 疝矣。问万，万曰∶足厥阴肝经之脉环阴器，肝之病为怒。小
儿性急多哭者，常有此病，一名气卵。常见人病此者，不废生育，与寿无干。曰∶有治法否？曰∶有，但勿求
速效可也。用川楝肉、小茴香、青皮、山萸、木香、当归、川芎、海藻，三棱、莪术二味用黑牵牛同炒，去牵
牛不用，共为末，神曲为丸，温酒下，更灸脐旁穴，而肿消矣。
喻嘉言治胡翁，常苦脾气不旺，迩年少腹有疝，形如鹊卵。数发后，其形渐大而长，从少腹坠入睾囊甚易，
返位甚难。下体稍受寒即发，发时必俟块中冷气渐转暖热，始得缩入，不然则胀于隘口不能入也。近来益大，
如卧酒瓶于胯中，半在少腹，半在睾囊，坚紧如石。其气迸入前后腰脐各道筋中，同时俱胀，上攻入胃则大吐，
上攻巅顶则战栗畏寒。喻诊之，知为地气上攻，亟以大剂参、附、姜、桂投之，一剂而愈。以后但发，悉用桂、
附速效。若服十全大补，则不应，以半阳半阴之药，勿克胜病也。凡阴邪为害，不发则已，其发必暴。试观天
气下降则清明，地气上升则晦塞。医遇直中阴经之病，尚不知所措手，况杂症乎。第姜、桂性热，屡服则虑其
僭上，旧病未除，新病必起。乃先以姜、桂、附子为小丸，曝令干透，然后以参、术浓为外廓，俾喉胃间知有
参、术，不知有姜、桂、附子。及达积块之所，猛烈始露。庶几坚者削，而窠囊可尽空也。
孙文垣侄患偏坠，脐腹腰 俱胀痛，左关脉弦大鼓指。小茴香、甘草、苍术、益智仁、防风各五分，荔核、
橘核、山楂、柴胡各一钱，山栀、青皮各七分，服后其痛如旧，脉且转数。（雄按∶疝因湿热，误投温燥，每
有此变。故虽苍术、益智，亦当慎用也。）恐作囊痈，急为解毒，栝蒌五钱，当归、甘草节、金银花各一钱，连
翘、柴胡、青皮各七分，煎服痛定肿消。因食鸡、鱼，脐腹复胀痛，发热不眠，脉复弦，以山楂、栝蒌各二钱，
金银花、连翘各八分，甘草节、黄连、当归各五分，青皮七分，二帖愈。
李士材治尹文辉，嗜火酒，能饮五斤，五月间入闽中，溪水骤涨，涉水至七里，觉腹痛甚。半月后，右丸
肿大渐如斗，闽中医者皆与肝经之剂及温热之品，半载无功。归就诊，李曰∶嗜火酒，则湿热满中；涉大水，
则湿热外束。今病在右，正是脾肺之湿下注睾丸。以胃苓汤加栀子、枳壳、黄柏、茴香，十剂略减。即以为丸
服，至十八斤全安。
骆元宾十年患疝，形容枯槁。李视之，左胁有形，其大如箕，以热手按之，沥沥有声，甚至上攻于心，闷
绝良久，以热醋熏灸方醒。李曰∶此经之所谓厥也。用当归四逆汤，一月积形衰小。更以八味丸间服半载余，
积块尽消，不复患矣。
卢不远治汤某，常病腹痛，痛则绕脐有形，甚则欲死。皆谓生气独绝于内，虑不起。诊之，关脉近尺有滑
象，久痛气羸，颇乏精彩，因用枸杞为君，白芍、茯苓、肉桂、吴萸佐之，六剂痛止。服瑞竹堂方四制枸杞丸，
一料竟愈。此脐疝也，疝当引阴，原无斯症。然疝者，有形之痛，而有所止之处，故字从山，不必定引阴也。
疝本厥阴肝疾，其状若死，亦厥阴症，故用温补肝肾药，生气自复，不致内绝而瘳。
冯楚瞻治王刑部，疝痛甚危。脉之，左三部弦洪而数，乃阴甚不足也。右关尺洪大，重按有力，此膏粱酒
湿太过，房劳真水消亡，木失所养，筋无所荣，湿热内攻，阴寒外遏，所以为疼为痛，不可忍也。以熟地二两，
山萸、山药各二钱，滋其肝肾；丹皮三钱，茯苓二钱，泽泻一钱五分，渗其湿热；橘核三钱，疏其木郁；制附
一钱五分，盐酒炒黄柏一钱二分，使寒热互为向导。由是外寒散，内热除，真水生，雷火息而瘳。
张建东秘传治一切疝气神方∶于洗浴毕，湿身坐门槛上，两囊着水，印一湿卵，即于湿卵患左灸左，患右
灸右，俱患则左右俱灸，须避四眼。又一法∶午月午日午时灸尤妙。或小儿不须洗浴，但用灰布门槛上，令儿
坐之，亦就所印灸即愈。（沈序皇尊闻录。）
王叔权曰∶舍弟少戏举重，得偏坠之疾。有客人为当关元两旁相去各三寸青脉上，灸七壮即愈。王彦宾患
小肠气，灸之亦愈。（《资生经》、《医说续编》。）
顷关一男子病卒疝，暴病不任，倒于街衢，人莫能动，呼张救之。张引经证之，邪气客于足厥阴之络，
令人卒疝，故病阴丸痛也。急泻大敦二穴，其痛立已。夫大敦穴者，乃足厥阴之二穴也。
郑亨老病疝，灸之得效。其法以净草一条，茅及麦秆尤妙，度病患两口角为一则折断，如此三折，则折成
三角如 字样。以一角安脐中心，两角在脐之下，两傍尖尽处是穴。若患在左即灸右，在右则灸左，两边俱患，
即两穴皆灸。艾炷如麦粒大，灸十四壮或二十一壮则安也。（《医说续编》。）
夺命丹，治远年近日小肠疝气，偏坠搐疼，脐下撮痛，以致闷乱，及外肾肿硬，日渐滋长，阴间湿痒，抓
搔成疮，悉治之。吴茱萸一斤，去枝梗，四两酒浸，四两醋浸，四两汤浸，四两童便浸，各浸一宿，同焙干用；
泽泻二两去灰土。上研为细末，老酒煮一夜，面糊为丸如梧桐子大，（雄按∶此方似可兼治寒湿痛泻、霍乱转
筋。）每一服五十丸，空心食前，或盐汤或醇酒送下，神效不可尽述。冯仲柔云∶顷年某仓使家传，将前方令
药局中合卖，绍熙壬子冬，予亲曾得效。时苦奔豚寒气攻冲，小肠疝气，腹内引痛，神思闷乱四日，只一服，
脏腑微动，痛若失去遂安。一方名星斗丸，汤浸者用盐水浸；泽泻用四两，切作粗片，酒浸一宿。（《是斋方》。同上。）
一人病后饮水，患左丸痛甚，灸大敦，适摩腰膏内用乌附子、麝香，将以摩其囊上，抵横骨端，灸后温帛
覆之，痛即止，一宿肿亦消矣。（《药要或问》。同上。）
薛立斋治一妇人，小腹痞闷，小便不利，内热体倦，懒食，用八珍汤加柴胡、山栀、龙胆草，不数服即全
愈。（《良方·疝附瘕门》。）
王肯堂曰∶张仲景治寒疝腹中痛，及胁痛里急者，当归生姜羊肉汤主之。《本草衍义》称其无不应验，岂
非补肝之效乎？余每治病甚，气上冲心危急者，以八味丸投之立应，又补肾之明验也。
罗谦甫治漆匠韩提控，疝气每发，痛不可忍，则于榻两傍各置一枕，往来伏之以受，如是三年不已，与丁
香楝石丸三剂良愈。盖男子七疝痛不可忍者，妇人瘕聚带下，皆任脉所主阴经也，乃肝肾受病，治法同归于一。
当归、附子、川楝子、茴香各一两，上锉碎，以好酒三升煮，酒尽为度，焙干作细末。每药末一两，入丁香、
木香各五分，全蝎十三个，元胡索五钱，同为细末，拌匀，酒糊为丸桐子大。每服三十丸至百丸，温酒空心送
下。凡疝气带下，皆属于风。全蝎治风之圣药也，川楝、茴香皆入小腹经，当归、元胡索和血止痛，疝以寒邪
积于小肠之间，故以附子佐之，丁香、木香为引导也。
玉海藏云∶杨驸马时患风气冲心，（风气即疝气也。）（罗谦甫云∶疝气带下皆属于风。）饮食吐逆，遍身枯
瘦，日服紫菀丸五丸，至二十日泻出肉块如虾蟆五六枚，白脓二升愈。（方见于风门。）
李灵患肥气病，（肝积谓之肥气，与疝同类。）日服前丸五丸，经一年泻出肉鳖二枚愈。
马元仪治陈子芳，患痰喘发热，胸满身痛，左边睾丸不时逆上，痛不可忍。诊之，肝脉弦急，肺脉独大，
关尺虚小，此肝肺受邪之候也。肝为木脏，其化风，其生火，风火合邪于本位，则为热为痛。乘于肺金，则为
痰为喘。以柴胡疏肝散治之，表症稍安。欲速愈，别用沙参二两煎服，如若相安，继转增剧。再急诊，寸脉鼓
数，关脉急疾，左丸引右丸痛甚。曰∶关脉急疾，木火自旺也，寸脉鼓数，火刑肺金也。肺为娇脏，体燥气肃，
火邪入之，则气化失常，金益困而木益张也。法宜滋达肺金，兼疏肝木。以栝蒌实五钱润燥，紫菀三钱宣通，
半夏曲、贝母清痰，枳壳、桔梗开郁，杏仁、苏子定喘，柴胡以达之，秦艽以舒之，一剂减，再剂安，调补而愈。
按∶用沙参原无大谬，第单用且重至二两，又无甘润之佐，则清降之力薄而速，反致木火厥张云耳。
立斋治一男子，年逾四十，阴囊肿痛，以热手熨之少缓，服五苓等散不应，尺脉迟软。此下虚，寒邪所袭
而然，名曰寒疝，非疮毒也。以蟠葱散治之，少可。更以葫芦巴丸服之而平。
杜举人名京，年逾三十，阴囊湿痒，茎出白物如脓，举则急痛，此肝疝也，用龙胆泻肝汤而愈。有阴茎肿，
或缩或挺或痒，亦以此药治之。
施笠泽治钱元一患疝气冲痛，盖有年矣，每抑郁则大作，呕吐痰涎，不进饮食。己未春，病且浃旬。诊得
Du Ren treated the Grand Commandant of the Thirty-Seventh, who suddenly suffered from qi pain in the small intestine. Various physicians failed to produce results, and each attack nearly caused death. The Emperor summoned Du Ren. After taking a few doses of medicine, there was no improvement. The Grand Commandant said, "My life is short; even good physicians cannot cure me." The Emperor summoned Du Ren to ask for the reason. Du Ren replied, "I used ancient prescriptions, but none achieved recovery. Now I have composed a new prescription; please allow me to present it." He then prepared the medicine and presented it. After one dose, eight or nine out of ten cases improved; after two doses, complete recovery occurred. Therefore, the prescription was named Jiuming Tongxin San (Life-Saving Heart-Penetrating Powder). Chuanwu Tou (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), 1 liang, soaked overnight in 1 qian of Qingyan (Green Salt) and 1 zhan of wine, skin and tip removed, then dried by roasting; Chuanshenzi (Fructus Toosendan), 1 liang, stir-fried together with 21 seeds of Badou (Semen Crotonis Tiglii) until black, then remove Badou; Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi), 0.5 liang; Shiyan (Lithostrotion), 1 pair; Tudou (Gecko), 5 pieces; Jiezi (Semen Sinapis Albae), 1 qian 6 fen. Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, place inside a sheep's stone, wrap in wet paper, and roast until fragrant and cooked. At midnight, take half sheng of good wine, add salt, chew the stone thoroughly, and swallow slowly with the wine without making noise. The disease would then disappear. (From Cao Wu Family. This prescription is now hidden in Bencao Gangmu.)
Xin Qiji returned to the court from the north and served in Jiankang when he suddenly developed hernia disease, with severe swelling and heaviness like a cup. A Daoist priest advised him to take Yiyiren (Coicis Semen, also known as Ye Zhu), stir-fry it with soil from an eastern wall until yellow, then dry it over low fire, grind it into paste in a mortar, and take 2 qian mixed with unadulterated wine each time, which would dissipate the swelling. Cheng Shasui suffered from this condition, and Xin Qiji used this method with great effect. (From Hanyou Jiwen.)
Zhang Zihe treated a man from Jinkou Town who suffered from malaria with thirst, drank honey water excessively, and severely injured himself with ice water. Physicians did not know how to drain the dampness and instead mixed Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) and Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) [Note: Incompetent practitioners often fall into this error]. The dampness transformed into dry-heat, causing blockage and overflow in the Triple Burner, obstruction of water passages, and failure of the Yin channels to rise, resulting in scrotal swelling and descent larger than a sheng or dou. Zhang Zihe first administered over 100 pills of Daoshui Wan (Water-Guiding Pill), followed shortly by Zhushen San (Pig Kidney Powder). That night, he passed one dou of greenish-red water, and the source of pain disappeared. Another man from Yingwei suffered from hernia qi with redness, swelling, and severe pain lasting several days, resisting all medicines like water thrown at a stone. Zhang Zihe gave 150 pills of Daoshui Wan, taken in three swallows, followed by 3 qian of Tongjing San (Meridian-Unblocking Powder) taken on an empty stomach with light wine. At dawn, he passed several times of accumulated matter from the organs and bowels, and the pain and swelling vanished, recovering fully within three days.
Li Shenyan, due to labor and drinking water while sitting on wet ground, experienced dampness flowing downward into the bladder, causing severe swelling and pain in the scrotum that was unbearable. Medicines including Chuanshenzi were ineffective. Seeking treatment from Zhang Zihe, Zhang said, "You can take Xieshui Wan (Water-Draining Pill)." Li was confused. A few days later, the pain became unbearable, and he finally submitted to Zhang. First, he took Zhouche Wan (Boat Cart Pill) and Junchuan San (River-Dredging Powder), passing more than ten times of greenish-green foam, stopping the pain. Then he took Huixiang Wan (Fennel Pill) and Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) to regulate his condition. The swelling subsided in three days, and he never suffered again until old age. Hernia is a liver disease. Passing green foam indicates the color of the liver.
Wang Minzhi suffered from cold hernia, with a lump under the navel like a cucumber. Each attack caused unbearable twisting pain around the navel. He took Zhouche Wan and Zhushen San, passing four or five times, feeling the medicine circulate around the lesion three or five times before descending, with all excrement being water. Both Zhushen and Gansui are bitter and cold. The classics state to treat cold with cold, ensuring success every time. However, after purgation, one must avoid cold water and cold foods, preferring dry foods, because cold hernia is fundamentally caused by water pathogen. The illness decreased by eight parts that day, and appetite doubled. A few days later, he took over 100 pills of Zhouche Wan and 4-5 qian of Tongjing San. After purgation, three or four days later, he took 70-80 pills of Zhouche Wan and 3 qian of Zhushen San, and he walked normally again.
A monk suffered from hernia. During attacks, cold qi pierced up to the teeth and down to the kidneys, tight as if pulled by a rope. Both testes swelled and felt cold intermittently. The pulse in both hands was thin and weak. Zhang Zihe diagnosed it as an autumn pulse. This was due to Metal Qi above attacking Liver Wood below. Wood fears Metal and is suppressed, unable to extend, hence the disease. Liver Qi was stagnant and could not nourish the testes downward, so the cold was not truly cold. Wood controlled by Metal transmitted to Stomach Earth. The Stomach is Yangming, so cold qi pierced up causing tooth pain, which was not a tooth disease. Liver Wood is the mother of Heart Fire. If the mother cannot extend, the son also submits, causing lower cold and Water Pathogen to exploit. The classics say: For Wood stagnation, promote its flow; for Earth stagnation, drain it. By inducing vomiting and purgation four times, he felt Qi harmonize, and the testes became itchy and warm, indicating Qi had entered the testicles. He took herbs promoting Wood growth, such as Huixiang, for long-term use, and recovered in one month.
The son of Scholar Huo, aged thirteen, had swelling in one testicle. Zhang Zihe observed and said, "This is caused by fright and alarm. Fright causes disease: ascending leads to vomiting blood, descending damages the Kidney leading to edema." He used Hupo Tongjing San (Amber Meridian-Unblocking Powder), and one purge dissipated the swelling.
Zhu Danxi treated Zheng Zijing, who drank alcohol then consumed water and fruits, resulting in unilateral kidney enlargement, occasional frog-like sounds, or pain. He prescribed stir-fried Zhishi (Fructus Aurantii), 1 liang, stir-fried Huixiang with salt, and stir-fried Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae), 3 qian each, ground and decocted, followed by Baohe Wan (Preservation-Harmonizing Pill).
Chang Shiguan suffered from Bladder Qi descending with frog-like sounds. He used ten stir-fried seeds of Chou Juzi (Stinking Orange Seed) and twenty Tao Ren (Semen Persicae), ground with natural Radish Juice, followed by 70 pills of Baohe Wan.
His brother, aged thirty, had painful swelling of the left kidney nucleus. This was dampness from diet sinking and transforming into heat. He used five Chou Juzi (Stinking Orange Seeds) and five Tao Ren (Semen Persicae), finely ground, decocted in one zhan of smooth-flowing water until boiling hot, followed by Baohe Wan.
Gong Zicai treated a boatman suffering from unbearable swelling and pain of small intestine hernia, along with swollen and painful eyes, excessive discharge, tearing, and astringency. The pulse at both Cun positions was surging and rapid, while both Chi positions were faint. This indicated excess above and deficiency below. Cooling medicines for the eyes worsened the hernia pain; heating medicines for the hernia worsened the eye pain. Hundred treatments failed. He was given Muxiang Jinling Wan (Costus and Goldbell Pill) taken on an empty stomach to treat deficiency-cold of the Lower Jiao; and Tuixue San (Blood-Removing Powder) taken at bedtime to treat wind-heat of the Upper Jiao. Three doses of each resulted in complete recovery.
Zhao Xueshan, after labor, rose early at dawn and caught cold. Hernia qi pain was unbearable, accompanied by aversion to cold and trembling. The six pulses were faint and powerless. Wujisan (Five-Accumulations Powder) plus Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae) and Xiaohuixiang (Small Fennel) were given, along with Pansan San (Coiled Scallion Powder), but none worked. Later, moxibustion was used. The patient's soles were placed facing each other and bound with a strap. At the seam between the second toes, moxa cones the size of wheat grains were applied for seven moxibustions. Pain ceased immediately upon completion, showing miraculous effect.
Zhou Shaofeng, relative-in-law of Zicai, suffered from hernia with unilateral descent, unbearable swelling and pain. A scholar passed on a prescription: mix yellow earth with water to make dry mud, pat into large cakes, heat on fire, and apply to the painful area. Replace when cool. Immediate recovery ensued.
Wan Mizhai treated the son of the Zhu family, suffering from scrotal swelling that persisted for over a year, developing into hernia. Asked Wan Mizhai, he said, "The meridian of Foot-Jueyin Liver wraps around the genitalia. Liver disease is related to anger. Children with impatient temperaments who cry often suffer from this, called 'Qi Egg'. Those who suffer from this do not lose fertility, nor does it affect lifespan." Asked if there was a treatment, he replied, "Yes, but do not seek quick results." He used Chuanlian Rou (Flesh of Fructus Toosendan), Xiaohuixiang (Small Fennel), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Shanzhuyu (Fructus Corni), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Haizao (Thallus Laminariae), Sanleng (Rhizoma Sparganii), and Ezhu (Rhizoma Curcumae). The latter two were stir-fried with Heiqianniu (Semen Phytolaccae Acinospermae), then the Phytolacca seeds were discarded. All were ground into powder, formed into pills with Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), and taken with warm wine. Additionally, moxibustion was applied to acupoints beside the navel, and the swelling subsided.
Yu Jiayan treated Elder Hu, who often suffered from weak Spleen Qi. Recently, he developed hernia in the lower abdomen, shaped like a magpie's egg. After several attacks, it grew larger and longer, easily descending from the lower abdomen into the scrotum, but difficult to return. Slight cold exposure to the lower body triggered it. During attacks, he had to wait for the cold qi in the mass to turn warm before it could retract; otherwise, it would swell at the opening and fail to enter. Recently, it grew larger, like lying a wine bottle between the thighs, half in the lower abdomen, half in the scrotum, hard as stone. Qi burst into the tendons of the back, waist, and navel, causing simultaneous swelling. Ascending to the Stomach caused severe vomiting; ascending to the vertex caused trembling and aversion to cold. Yu Jiayan diagnosed it as Earth Qi attacking upward. He urgently prescribed a large dose of Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), and Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi). One dose cured him. Subsequent attacks were quickly resolved with Guizhi and Fuzi. Taking Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction) was ineffective because half-Yang half-Yin medicines could not overcome the pathogen. When Yin pathogens strike, they either do not manifest or strike violently. Observe nature: when Heaven Qi descends, it is clear; when Earth Qi ascends, it is obscure. Physicians encountering diseases directly entering the Yin meridians often do not know how to proceed, let alone complex diseases. However, Jiang and Guizhi are hot; frequent use risks rebellion upward. If the old disease remains, new diseases will arise. Thus, he first made small pills of Jiang, Guizhi, and Fuzi, dried them thoroughly, then coated them with a thick outer layer of Renshen and Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodae Macrocephalae), so the throat and Stomach perceived Renshen and Baizhu, not Jiang, Guizhi, or Fuzi. Only when reaching the accumulation site did the potency reveal itself. This way, hardness could be reduced, and the nest emptied completely.
Sun Wen Yuan's nephew suffered from unilateral descent, with distending and painful swelling in the navel, abdomen, and waist. The pulse at Left Guan was wiry, large, and striking. Xiaohuixiang (Small Fennel), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Lanceae), Yizhiren (Semen Alpiniae Oxyphyllae), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae) each 5 fen; Lihé (Pericarpium Litchi), Juhe (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Shanzha (Fructus Crataegi), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) each 1 qian; Shanzhi (Fructus Gardeniae), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride) each 7 fen. After taking it, pain remained unchanged, and the pulse became rapid. [Note: Hernia due to damp-heat, mistakenly treated with warming-drying herbs, often undergoes such changes. Thus, even Cangzhu and Yizhiren should be used cautiously.] Fearing development of scrotal carbuncle, urgent detoxification was performed using Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis), 5 qian; Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Gancao Jie (Radix Glycyrrhizae Segment), Jinyinhua (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) each 1 qian; Lianqiao (Fructus Forsythiae), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride) each 7 fen. Decocted and taken; pain settled, swelling subsided. Due to eating chicken and fish, navel and abdominal distending pain recurred, with fever and insomnia, and the pulse became wiry again. Shanzha (Fructus Crataegi) and Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis) each 2 qian; Jinyinhua (Flos Lonicerae Japonicae) and Lianqiao (Fructus Forsythiae) each 8 fen; Gancao Jie (Radix Glycyrrhizae Segment), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) each 5 fen; Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride) 7 fen. Two doses cured it.
Li Shicai treated Yin Wenhui, who loved strong liquor and could drink five jin. In May, he entered Fujian, where streams rose suddenly. He waded through water for seven li, feeling severe abdominal pain. Half a month later, the right testicle swelled gradually to the size of a dou. Fujian physicians prescribed Liver meridian agents and warming-hot products, with no effect for half a year. Upon returning for consultation, Li Shicai said, "Loving strong liquor fills the interior with damp-heat; wading through large water binds damp-heat externally. Now the disease is on the right, precisely dampness of Spleen and Lung sinking into the testicle." He prescribed Weiling Tang (Stomach-Ling Decoction) plus Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae), Zhike (Fructus Aurantii), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri), and Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi). Ten doses slightly reduced symptoms. Made into pills for continued use. After consuming eighteen jin total, full recovery was achieved.
Luo Yuanbin suffered from hernia for ten years, looking emaciated. Li Shicai examined him, finding a mass in the left hypochondrium, large as a basket. Pressing with a hot hand produced a gurgling sound. It even attacked upward to the heart, causing suffocation and fainting for a long time, waking only after fumigation and moxibustion with hot vinegar. Li Shicai said, "This is what the classics call Jue (Reversal)." He prescribed Danggui Sini Tang (Angelica Decoction for Cold Extremities). After one month, the accumulation shrank. Intermittently taking Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) for over half a year, the mass completely dissolved, and he never suffered again.
Lu Bu Yuan treated Tang Mou, who often suffered from abdominal pain. When painful, a palpable mass surrounded the navel, sometimes causing near-death sensations. Others believed vital Qi was isolated and extinct internally, fearing death. Diagnosis revealed a slippery image near the Chi position at the Guan pulse. Chronic pain led to Qi depletion and lack of luster. Lu used Gouqi (Fructus Lycii) as the sovereign herb, supported by Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Fuling (Poria), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), and Wuyu (Fructus Evodiae). Six doses stopped the pain. Taking Sizhi Gouqi Wan (Four-Processed Goji Berry Pill) from Ruizhutang completed the cure. This was Umbilical Hernia. Hernia usually involves pulling to the Yin, originally having no such symptom. However, hernia is a tangible pain with a fixed location, hence the character contains 'Mountain', not necessarily involving pulling to the Yin. Hernia originates from Jueyin Liver disease. Its appearance resembles death, also a Jueyin syndrome. Thus, warming-tonifying Liver-Kidney medicines restore vital Qi naturally, preventing internal extinction and leading to recovery.
Feng Chuzhan treated Vice Minister Wang, whose hernia pain was critical. Pulse at the left three positions was wiry, surging, and rapid, indicating severe Yin deficiency. Right Guan and Chi were surging and large, forceful upon heavy pressure. This was excessive rich food, alcohol, and dampness, combined with sexual exhaustion depleting True Water. Wood lost nourishment, sinews lost prosperity. Damp-heat attacked internally, Yin-cold obstructed externally, causing unbearable pain. He prescribed Shudi (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), 2 liang; Shanzhuyu (Fructus Corni) and Shanyao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae), 2 qian each, to nourish Liver and Kidney; Danpi (Cortex Moutan), 3 qian; Fuling (Poria), 2 qian; Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), 1 qian 5 fen, to leach damp-heat; Juhe (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), 3 qian, to soothe Wood stagnation; Zhi Fu (Prepared Aconite Root), 1 qian 5 fen; Yanjiu Chao Huangbai (Salt-Wine Stir-fried Cortex Phellodendri), 1 qian 2 fen, making cold and heat guide each other. Consequently, external cold dispersed, internal heat eliminated, True Water generated, and thunder-fire extinguished, leading to recovery.
Zhang Jiandong's secret prescription for all hernia qi: After bathing, sit on the threshold with wet body, letting the scrotum touch water, leaving a wet imprint. Moxa the left side if the left is affected, the right if the right is affected; if both, moxa both sides. Avoid the Four Eyes. Another method: Moxibustion at noon on a noon day in the fifth month is especially excellent. Or for children, no need to bathe; just sit on a gray cloth threshold, and moxa where the imprint is for immediate cure. (From Shen Xu Huang Zunwen Lu.)
Wang Shuquan said, "My younger brother lifted weights in play as a child and developed unilateral descent. A guest moxa'd the blue veins three cun away from both sides of Guanyuan, seven moxibustions, and he was cured. Wang Yanbin suffered from small intestine qi, and moxibustion also cured him." (From Zisheng Jing, Yishuo Xubian.)
A man in Qingguan suffered from sudden hernia, unable to bear the acute illness, collapsed on the street, unable to be moved by others. They called Zhang Zihe for help. Zhang Zihe cited classics to confirm: Evil Qi lodged in the collateral of Foot-Jueyin, causing sudden hernia, thus pain in the阴丸 (Yin Testicles). Urgently draining the Dacun (Great Rush) acupoint twice, the pain stopped immediately. Dacun is an acupoint of Foot-Jueyin.
Zheng Henglaosuffered from hernia, and moxibustion was effective. The method: Take a clean grass stalk, preferably thatch or wheat straw. Measure the distance between the patient's mouth corners, break the grass at that length. Break it three times, forming a triangle like the character '丫'. Place one corner at the center of the navel, the other two corners below the navel. The tips on both sides indicate the acupoints. If the affliction is on the left, moxa the right; if on the right, moxa the left; if on both sides, moxa both points. Moxa cones the size of wheat grains, fourteen or twenty-one moxibustions bring peace. (From Yishuo Xubian.)
Duoming Dan (Life-Taking Pill) treats remote and recent small intestine hernia, unilateral descent with spasmodic pain, drawing pain under the navel leading to confusion, as well as external kidney swelling and hardness, gradual enlargement, damp itch in the yin, scratching into sores. All are treated. Wuzyuyu (Fructus Evodiae), 1 jin, remove branches and stems. Four liang soaked in wine, four liang in vinegar, four liang in decoction, four liang in child's urine. Soak each overnight, then roast dry together. Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), 2 liang, remove dust. Grind into fine powder. Boil overnight in old wine, form pills with wheat paste the size of Sophora seeds. [Note: This prescription seems suitable for treating cold-damp pain/diarrhea and cholera with tendon snapping.] Take fifty pills per dose, on an empty stomach before meals, delivered with salt water or pure wine. Miraculous effects cannot be fully described. Feng Zhongrou said, "In recent years, a certain Grain Commissioner's family passed down this prescription, sold by the pharmacy bureau. In the winter of Renzi year of Shaoxi era, I personally experienced its efficacy. I suffered from Ben Tun (Running Piglet) cold qi attacking, small intestine hernia, drawing pain in the abdomen, mental confusion for four days. Only one dose caused slight movement of organs, pain seemed to vanish, and I was at peace. Another name for this prescription is Xingdou Wan (Star Bean Pill); for the decoction-soaked portion, use salt water soak; use four liang of Zexie, cut into coarse slices, soak in wine overnight." (From Shizhai Fang. Same as above.)
A person, after illness, drank water and suffered severe pain in the left testicle. Moxa Dacun. Coincidentally, Moyao Gao (Waist-Rubbing Paste) contained Wu Fuzi (Black Aconite) and Shexiang (Moschus), intended to rub on the scrotum, reaching the Henggu (Transverse Bone) end. After moxibustion, cover with warm silk. Pain stopped immediately, and swelling subsided overnight. (From Yaoyao Huowen. Same as above.)
Xue Lizhai treated a woman with abdominal fullness and stuffiness, difficulty urinating, internal heat, body fatigue, and poor appetite. She took Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) plus Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae), and Longdancao (Radix Gentianae). Not many doses were needed for complete recovery. (From Liangfang, Hernia and Mass Chapter.)
Wang Kentang said, "Zhang Zhongjing treated cold hernia with abdominal pain, and flank pain with internal tension, using Danggui Shengyang Rousheng Tang (Angelica Ginger Lamb Soup). Bencao Yan Yi states it has no instance of ineffectiveness. Is this not the effect of tonifying the Liver? Whenever I treat severe illnesses where Qi rushes upward to the heart in crisis, I administer Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) with immediate response. This is another clear verification of tonifying the Kidney."
Luo Qianfu treated Han Tikong, a lacquer maker. Every time hernia qi attacked, pain was unbearable. He would place pillows on both sides of the bed and lean back and forth to endure it. This continued for three years without relief. Luo gave Dingxiang Liushi Wan (Clove and Melia Stone Pill) for three doses, achieving good recovery. Men's Seven Hernias with unbearable pain, and women's masses and leukorrhea, are all governed by the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) and Yin meridians. They are diseases of Liver and Kidney, and treatment methods converge. Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), Chuanshenzi (Fructus Toosendan), Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi) each 1 liang. Chop roughly, boil in three sheng of good wine until wine is exhausted, dry, and grind into fine powder. For every 1 liang of powder, add Dingxiang (Flos Eugeniae Caryophyllati) and Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) each 5 fen, Quanxie (Scorpio) 13 pieces, Yuanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis) 5 qian. Grind together into fine powder, mix well, form pills with wine paste the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 to 100 pills per dose, delivered with warm wine on an empty stomach. All hernia qi and leukorrhea belong to Wind. Quanxie (Scorpio) is the holy medicine for treating wind. Chuanshenzi and Huixiang both enter the lower abdomen meridian. Danggui and Yuanhusuo harmonize blood and stop pain. Hernia involves cold evil accumulating between the small intestines, so Fuzi assists. Dingxiang and Muxiang serve as guides.
Yuhai Zang said, "Marshal Yang often suffered from Feng Qi (Wind Qi) rushing to the heart. [Feng Qi refers to Hernia Qi.] [Luo Qianfu said: Hernia Qi and leukorrhea all belong to Wind.] Vomiting and reversing food, whole body emaciated. Taking five pills of Ziwan Wan (Aster Pill) daily, after twenty days, expelled meat blocks like toads, five or six pieces, and two sheng of white pus, then cured." (Prescription found in Wind Chapter.)
Li Ling suffered from Feiqi (Fat Qi) disease. [Liver accumulation called Feiqi, similar to hernia.] Taking five pills of the previous pill daily, after one year, expelled two flesh turtles, then cured.
Ma Yuanyi treated Chen Zifang, who suffered from phlegm-wheezing and fever, chest fullness, and body pain. The left testicle occasionally reversed upward, causing unbearable pain. Diagnosis showed Liver pulse wiry and urgent, Lung pulse uniquely large, Guan and Chi pulses deficient and small. This indicated Liver and Lung invaded by evil. Liver is a Wood organ, transforming into Wind, generating Fire. Wind and Fire combining at their origin cause heat and pain. Attacking Lung Metal causes phlegm and wheezing. Treated with Chaihu Shugan San (Bupleurum Powder for Soothing the Liver), exterior symptoms slightly calmed. Desiring quick recovery, he separately took two liang of Shashen (Radix Glehniae) decocted. Initially seemed peaceful, then worsened. Emergency visit again: Cun pulse surging and rapid, Guan pulse urgent and fast, left testicle drawing right testicle into severe pain. Ma said, "Guan pulse urgent and fast indicates Wood and Fire self-prospering. Cun pulse surging and rapid indicates Fire punishing Lung Metal. Lung is a delicate organ, dry in constitution and肃 (solemn) in Qi. When Fire evil enters, Qi transformation becomes abnormal, Metal becomes more trapped, and Wood becomes more expansive. Method should nourish and reach Lung Metal, while soothing Liver Wood. Use Gualou Shi (Fructus Trichosanthis), 5 qian, to moisten dryness; Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici), 3 qian, to diffuse and unblock; Banxia Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata Pinelliae) and Beimu (Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae) to clear phlegm; Zhike (Fructus Aurantii) and Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis) to open depression; Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum) and Suzi (Fructus Perillae) to stabilize wheezing; Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) to reach it; Qinjiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae) to soothe it. One dose reduced symptoms, two doses brought peace, regulation and tonification led to recovery."
Commentary: Using Shashen was originally not a major error. But using it alone and heavily at two liang, without sweet-moistening assistants, makes the clearing-descending power thin and rapid,反而 (instead) causing Wood and Fire to rebel and expand.
Lizhai treated a man over forty, with swollen and painful scrotum. Relieved slightly by hot hand rubbing. Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) and similar powders were ineffective. Chi pulse was slow and soft. This was lower deficiency, attacked by cold evil, named Cold Hernia, not a sore toxin. Treated with Pansan San (Coiled Scallion Powder), slightly better. Further treated with Hubalu Wan (Trigonella Pill), bringing peace.
Ju Ren Mingjing, over thirty, suffered from damp itch in scrotum, white discharge like pus from penis, urgent pain upon erection. This was Liver Hernia, cured by Longdan Xiegan Tang (Gentian Decoction for Draining Liver). Penile swelling, retraction, erection, or itching were also treated with this medicine.
Shi Lizet treated Qian Yuanyi suffering from hernia qi rushing pain, having had it for years. Every depression caused severe attacks, vomiting phlegm and saliva, inability to eat. In spring of Jiwei year, illness lasted ten days. Diagnosis revealed...