医之为道至矣。周官有疾医。视万民四时之病。春之 首。夏之痒疥。秋之疟寒。冬之嗽咳。分而治之。验其状而
制其禄。复世官寝失职。故于其术。每择之不精。吾同县戴原礼。从朱先生彦修学。治疾往往多奇验。原礼从叔仲章。
六月患大热。面赤口谵语。身发红斑。他医投以大承气汤。而热愈极。原礼脉之。曰。左右手皆浮虚无力。非真热也。
张子和云。当解表而勿攻里。此证似之。法当汗。遂用附子干姜人参白术为剂。烹液冷冻饮料之。大汗而愈。槠概方氏子妇。
疟后多汗。呼媵人易衣不至。怒形于色。遂昏厥若死状。灌以苏合香丸而苏。自后闻人步之重。鸡犬之声。辄厥逆如初。
原礼曰。脉虚甚。重取则散。是谓汗多亡阳。正合经意。以黄 人参日补之。其惊渐减。至浃旬而安。松江诸仲文。长
夏畏寒。身常挟重缠。食饮必热如火。方下咽。微温则呕。他医授以胡椒煮伏雌之法。日啖鸡者三。病逾亟。原礼曰。
脉数而大且不弱。刘守真云。火极似水。此之谓矣。椒发阴经之火。鸡能助痰。只以益其病尔。以大承气汤下之。昼夜
行二十余。顿减纩之半。复以黄连导痰汤。益竹沥饮之。竟瘳。姑苏朱子明之妇。病长号。数十声暂止。复如前。人以
为万所凭莫能疗。原礼曰。此郁病也。痰闭于上。火郁于下。故长号则气少舒。经云。火郁则发之是已。遂用重剂涌之。
吐痰如胶者无算。乃复初。药原忠妻。因免乳后。病惊。身翩翩然。如升浮云之上。举目则室庐旋运。持身弗定。他医
饮以补虚治惊皆无验。原礼曰。左脉虽芤且涩。神色不动。是因惊致。心包络积污血尔。法宜下之。下积血如漆者一斗。
即愈。留守卫吏。陆仲容之内子。病热。妄见神鬼。手足 动。他医用黄连清心汤。不中。原礼视之。曰。形瘦而色不
泽。乃虚热耳。法当以李杲甘温除大热之法为治。即经所谓损者温之者也。服人参黄 而安。他若此者甚众。夫医之为
道。本于素问内经。其学一坏于开元。再坏于大观。习俗相仍。绝不知究其微指。唯执一定之方。类刻舟而求剑者。人
訾之。则曰我之用此。不翅足矣。又恶事内经为。宋之钱仲阳。独得其秘于遗经。而扩充之。金之张刘李诸家。又从而
衍绎之。于是内经之学大明。刘之学。朱先生得之最深。大江以南。医之道本于内经。实自先生发之。原礼乃其高弟弟
子。其传授有要。故察证无不中。服其剂者。沉 豁然如洗。昔司马迁作仓公传。载其应诏所对。自齐御史成至公乘项
处。凡二十有三。书治病之状甚具。予仿此义。稍陈原礼疗疾。奇中者系之首简。若周官疾医。四时治证之概。知言者。
必有所择焉。
The Way of medicine is indeed supreme. The *Rites of Zhou* mentions the position of Physician for Diseases, who was responsible for treating illnesses among the people according to the four seasons. In spring, diseases often affected the head (head wind); in summer, itching and scabies; in autumn, malaria and chills; and in winter, coughing and asthma. Treatments were administered separately based on these conditions, and physicians' salaries were determined by evaluating their clinical outcomes. However, as hereditary official positions gradually lost their effectiveness, the selection of medical practitioners became less rigorous, resulting in imprecise techniques.
My fellow townsman, Dai Yuanli, studied under Mr. Zhu Yanxiu. He frequently achieved remarkable cures. When his cousin, Dai Zhongzhang, suffered from severe heat syndrome in the sixth lunar month, presenting with a red face, delirious speech, and erythematous macules on the body, other physicians prescribed *Da Chengqi Tang* (Major Order the Qi Decoction), which only exacerbated the heat. Dai Yuanli palpated the pulse and observed that both left and right pulses were floating, deficient, and weak, concluding it was not a true heat syndrome. Citing Zhang Hezi, he stated, "One should release the exterior rather than attack the interior." This case resembled such a pattern. The treatment method should induce sweating. Thus, he formulated a decoction containing *Fuzi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), *Ganjiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma), *Renshen* (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), and *Baizhu* (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). The liquid was cooled before administration. The patient sweated profusely and recovered.
The wife of Fang's son in Zhugai suffered from excessive sweating following malaria. Upon calling for a maid to change her clothes, she grew angry when the maid did not arrive immediately, leading to syncope resembling death. She revived after being administered *Suhe Xiang Wan* (Styrax Pill). Thereafter, any loud noises, such as heavy footsteps or barking dogs, triggered similar syncope. Dai Yuanli diagnosed a very deficient pulse that scattered upon deep pressure, identifying this as Yang collapse due to excessive sweating, consistent with classical teachings. He prescribed daily tonification with *Huangqi* (Astragali Radix) and *Renshen*. Her fright gradually subsided, and she stabilized within ten days.
Zhu Zhongwen from Songjiang suffered from cold intolerance during late summer, feeling heavy and burdened. His food and drink had to be extremely hot; even slightly warm substances induced vomiting. Other physicians advised consuming three roasted hens daily cooked with *Huajiao* (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium). His condition worsened. Dai Yuanli noted a rapid, large, yet non-deficient pulse. Quoting Liu Shouzhen, "Extreme fire resembles water," he explained that *Huajiao* stimulates fire in the Yin meridians, while chicken promotes phlegm, thereby aggravating the disease. He treated him with *Da Chengqi Tang* to purge accumulation. After more than twenty bowel movements over day and night, his symptoms halved. Subsequently, he was given *Huanglian Daotan Tang* (Coptis Phlegm-Resolving Decoction) mixed with *Zhuli* (Bambusa Textilis Caulis Juice), leading to complete recovery.
The wife of Zhu Ziming from Gusu suffered from prolonged screaming, pausing briefly every few dozen cries. Others believed she was possessed and deemed her untreatable. Dai Yuanli diagnosed it as a depression syndrome, where phlegm obstructed the upper jiao and fire was constrained in the lower jiao. Screaming allowed slight relief of qi stagnation. As the classics state, "When fire is constrained, it must be dispersed." He used a strong emetic, expelling copious amounts of gelatinous phlegm, restoring her health.
Yuan Zhong's wife developed fright after difficult labor, experiencing vertigo as if floating above clouds, with room spinning upon opening her eyes and unsteady posture. Tonics for deficiency and calming spirit treatments failed. Dai Yuanli observed a knotted and choppy left pulse but stable facial expression, attributing the condition to fright causing blood stasis in the Pericardium. He employed purgation, evacuating one *dou* (approx. 10 liters) of dark, lacquer-like stagnant blood, resulting in immediate cure.
The wife of Lu Zhongrong, an official in the Guard, suffered from fever, hallucinations of spirits, and convulsions. *Huanglian Qingxin Tang* (Coptis Heart-Clearing Decoction) prescribed by others was ineffective. Dai Yuanli noted her emaciation and dull complexion, diagnosing empty heat. He applied Li Gao's method of using sweet-warm herbs to resolve great heat, aligning with the classic principle, "Worsen with warmth." Administration of *Renshen* and *Huangqi* brought stability. Many such cases existed.
Medicine originates from the *Suwen* and *Neijing*. Its learning deteriorated first during the Kaiyuan era and again during the Daguan era. Customs prevailed, ignoring subtle principles, relying rigidly on fixed formulas like carving a mark on a boat to find the sword. When criticized, they claimed sufficiency in their methods, rejecting study of the *Neijing*. Qian Zhongyang of the Song Dynasty uniquely mastered ancient texts and expanded them. Zhang Yuansu, Liu Wansu, Li Gao, and others of the Jin Dynasty further elaborated, making Neoteric studies prominent. Mr. Zhu Yanxiu deeply understood Liu Wansu's theories. South of the Yangtze, Neoteric medicine truly flourished through him. Dai Yuanli, his distinguished disciple, inherited essential transmission methods, ensuring accurate diagnosis and miraculous recoveries, akin to washing away filth.
Sima Qian's *Biographies of Medical Officers* recorded twenty-three cases answered by Cang Gong, detailing treatments from Cheng to Xiang Chu. I emulate this intent, listing Dai Yuanli's most striking cases at the beginning. Like the seasonal treatments in the *Rites of Zhou*, discerning readers will surely select valuable insights.