尸臭舌卷,囊缩肝绝。口闭脾绝。肌肉不滑,唇反胃绝。发直齿枯,遗尿肾绝。毛焦面黑,直视目
瞑,阴气已绝。眶陷系倾,汗出如珠,阳气已绝。病后喘泻,脾脉将绝。目若正圆,手撒戴眼,太阳
已绝。声如鼾睡,吐沫面赤,面黑唇青,人中肿满,唇反出外,发眉冲起,爪甲肉黑,手掌无纹,脐
凸跗肿,面青欲眠,目视不见,汗出如油,肝绝之期,在于八日。眉倾胆死,手足甲青,或渐脱落,
呼骂不休,筋绝之期,亦如于肝。肩息直视,心绝立死。发直如麻,不得屈伸,自汗不止,小肠绝
也,六日而死。口冷足肿,腹热胪胀,泄利无时,乃为脾绝,五日而死。脊痛身重,不可反复,乃为
胃绝,五日而死。耳干背肿,溺血屎赤,乃为肉绝,九日而死。口张气出,不能复返,乃为肺绝,三
日而死。泄利无度,为大肠绝。齿枯面黑,目黄腰折,自汗不休,乃为肾绝,四日而死。齿黄枯落,
乃为骨绝。
五脏已夺,神明不守,故作声嘶。循衣摸床,谵语不休,阳明已绝。妄语错乱,不语失音,则为热
病,犹或可生。脉浮而洪,身汗如油,喘而不休,乃为肺绝。(汗腻不流,脉洪而喘不休,真气外散。)阳反独留,形如
烟熏,直视摇头,乃为心绝。(心为火藏,故阳热独存。烟熏,火极焦灼之象。)唇吻反青, 汗出,乃为肝绝。(唇吻
属脾,而青色属木,木乘土,故曰反。)环口
黎黑,柔汗发黄,乃为脾绝。(水色凌土,冷汗身黄,脾真散越。)溲便遗失,狂言直视,乃为肾绝。(溲便,二阴肾脏所
司。遗失则门户不闭,水精败绝,目背瞳人。)
阴气先绝,阳气后竭,临死之时,身面必赤,腋温心热。(阴先脱,阴绝于后,故赤色见。余阳未即尽,故腋温心热。)
水浆不下,形
体不仁,乍静乍乱,乃为胃绝。(胃纳水谷,合肌肉故。)六腑气绝,足冷脚缩。五脏气绝,便利不禁,手足不仁。
手太阴绝则皮毛焦。
太阴者,肺也,行气温于皮毛者也。故气不荣,则皮毛焦而津液去,津液去则皮节伤,皮节伤则皮枯毛
折,毛折者则毛先死,丙日笃,丁日死。
手少阴绝,则脉不通。
手少阴,心也。心主脉,故手少阴气绝则脉不通,脉不通则血不流,血不流则色泽去,故面色黑如黧。此
血先死,壬日笃,癸日死。
足太阴绝,口唇不荣。
口唇者,肌肉之本也。脉不荣,则肌肉不滑泽,肌肉不滑泽则肉满,肉满则唇反,唇反则肉先死,甲日笃,
乙日死。
足少阴绝,则骨髓枯。
少阴者,冬脉也,伏行而温于骨髓。故骨髓不温,则肉不着骨,骨肉不相亲,则肉濡而却,肉濡而却,故齿
长而垢,发无润泽,无润泽者则骨先死,戊日笃,己日死。
足厥阴绝,筋缩引卵,渐及于舌。
厥阴者,肝也;肝者,筋之合也;筋者,聚于阴器而络于舌本;故脉不荣则筋缩急,筋缩急则引卵与舌,故
舌卷囊缩。此筋先死,庚日笃,辛日死。
三阴俱绝,眩转蒙目。
蒙者为失志,失志则志先死,死则目蒙也。
六阳俱绝,阴阳相离;腠理泄绝,汗出如珠;旦占夕死,夕占旦死。
Tongue retraction accompanied by a corpse-like odor indicates the exhaustion of Liver Qi. Inability to open the mouth indicates the exhaustion of Spleen Qi. Muscles losing their smooth and lustrous quality, with lips everted, indicates the exhaustion of Stomach Qi. Straight, dry, and withered hair, withered teeth, and urinary incontinence indicate the exhaustion of Kidney Qi. Dry and scorched hair, dark complexion, fixed gaze with closed eyelids, indicate the exhaustion of Yin Qi. Sunken eye sockets, slanting visual axes, and sweat like beads indicate the exhaustion of Yang Qi. Post-illness wheezing and diarrhea are signs that Spleen pulse is about to exhaust. Eyes staring straight as if perfectly round, hand relaxation, and upward deviation of eyes (Dai Yan) indicate the exhaustion of Taiyang channel Qi. Snoring-like breathing, foaming at the mouth, red face, black face, blue lips, swelling of the philtrum, lips everted outward, hair and eyebrows standing up, black nails and flesh, palm lines disappearing, umbilical protrusion, dorsal edema, bluish face, drowsiness but inability to see, and oily sweat mark the period of Liver Qi exhaustion, which occurs within eight days. Eyebrow loss, Gallbladder death, cyanosis of fingernails and toenails or gradual shedding, continuous cursing and swearing indicate the exhaustion of Sinew Qi, also occurring within eight days. Shoulder breathing, fixed gaze, and immediate death upon Heart Qi exhaustion. Hair straight like hemp, inability to flex or extend limbs, and incessant spontaneous sweating indicate Small Intestine Qi exhaustion, leading to death in six days. Cold mouth, swollen feet, abdominal heat, distension, and uncontrolled diarrhea indicate Spleen Qi exhaustion, leading to death in five days. Spinal pain, heavy body, inability to turn over, indicate Stomach Qi exhaustion, leading to death in five days. Dry ears, back edema, hematuria, and red stool indicate Muscle (Spleen-associated) Qi exhaustion, leading to death in nine days. Open mouth with exhaled air unable to return, indicate Lung Qi exhaustion, leading to death in three days. Uncontrolled diarrhea indicates Large Intestine Qi exhaustion. Withered teeth, black face, yellow eyes, sensation of waist breaking, and incessant spontaneous sweating indicate Kidney Qi exhaustion, leading to death in four days. Yellow, withered, and falling teeth indicate Bone Qi exhaustion.
When the Five Zang organs' essence is severely depleted and Shen (Spirit) cannot be retained, hoarseness occurs. Picking at clothes and bedrails, incessant delirious speech indicate the exhaustion of Yangming channel Qi. Delirious and confused speech, mutism, and aphonia in the context of Heat diseases may still have a chance for survival. A floating and surging pulse, oily sweat, and incessant wheezing indicate Lung Qi exhaustion. (Sticky sweat that does not flow, surging pulse, and incessant wheezing signify the dispersion of True Qi.) When Yang alone remains, the body appears smoke-stained, with fixed gaze and head shaking, this indicates Heart Qi exhaustion. (The Heart is a Fire organ, so Yang-heat remains exclusively. The smoke-stained appearance signifies extreme burning and scorching.) Perioral cyanosis and sweating indicate Liver Qi exhaustion. (The lips belong to the Spleen, while blue/cyan belongs to Wood; Wood overacting on Earth is termed "reverse".) Perioral darkness, soft cold sweat, and yellowish skin indicate Spleen Qi exhaustion. (Water color overcoming Earth, cold sweat with yellow body, signify the scattering and dissipation of Spleen True Qi.) Urinary and fecal incontinence,狂言 (wild speech), and fixed gaze indicate Kidney Qi exhaustion. (Urination and defecation are governed by the two yin openings of the Kidneys. Incontinence means the gates are not closed, water essence is ruined, and the pupils lose their luster.)
When Yin Qi exhausts first and Yang Qi depletes subsequently, the body and face will be red at the time of death, with warm axillae and hot heart. (Yin deploys first, Yin exhausts last, hence redness appears. Remaining Yang has not yet completely vanished, hence warm axillae and hot heart.) Inability to consume fluids and food, insensibility of the body, alternating calmness and agitation indicate Stomach Qi exhaustion. (The Stomach receives water and grain, harmonizing with muscles.) Exhaustion of the Six Fu organs results in cold feet and curled toes. Exhaustion of the Five Zang organs results in uncontrolled urination and defecation, and insensibility of hands and feet. Exhaustion of the Hand-Taiyin Lung channel leads to scorched skin and hair. Taiyin refers to the Lung, which circulates Qi to nourish the skin and hair. Thus, when Qi fails to nourish, skin and hair become scorched and fluids depart. When fluids depart, the skin joints are damaged; when skin joints are damaged, skin becomes withered and hair breaks. Broken hair signifies the death of hair first; condition worsens on Bing day, death occurs on Ding day. Exhaustion of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart channel leads to blocked vessels. Hand-Shaoyin refers to the Heart, which governs vessels. Thus, when Hand-Shaoyin Qi exhausts, vessels block, blood stops flowing, luster fades, and complexion turns black like mud. This signifies the death of blood first; condition worsens on Ren day, death occurs on Gui day. Exhaustion of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen channel leads to lack of nourishment in the lips. Lips are the root of muscles. When vessels fail to nourish, muscles become rough; when muscles are rough, they swell; when muscles swell, lips evert; when lips evert, flesh dies first; condition worsens on Jia day, death occurs on Yi day. Exhaustion of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney channel leads to withered marrow. Shaoyin is the Winter pulse, hidden within to warm the marrow. Thus, when marrow is not warmed, flesh does not adhere to bone, bone and flesh separate, flesh becomes flaccid and recedes. Receding flesh makes teeth appear long and dirty, hair loses luster. Lack of luster signifies the death of bone first; condition worsens on Wu day, death occurs on Ji day. Exhaustion of the Foot-Jueyin Liver channel leads to sinew contraction pulling the testicles, gradually affecting the tongue. Jueyin refers to the Liver; the Liver governs sinews; sinews gather at the genitalia and connect to the base of the tongue. Thus, when vessels fail to nourish, sinews contract tightly, pulling the testicles and tongue, causing tongue retraction and scrotal contraction. This signifies the death of sinews first; condition worsens on Geng day, death occurs on Xin day. Exhaustion of all Three Yin channels leads to vertigo, confusion, and blindness. Confusion stems from loss of Zhi (Will); loss of Zhi means Will dies first; death of Will causes blindness. Exhaustion of all Six Yang channels leads to separation of Yin and Yang; leakage of interstices and cessation of pores, with sweat like beads; prognosis made in the morning leads to death by evening, prognosis made in the evening leads to death by morning.