味苦咸。性寒。无毒。得地苦咸之味。禀天大寒之气以生。降也。阴也。连翘为使。
【主治】主皮肤热毒。恶疮疽痔。湿痹。下乳汁。（本经）止遗溺。热气疮痒。通经脉。
（别
血生
【归经】入脾胃胆大肠膀胱五经。为泄热解毒之品。（胃本经药寒而通利）
【前论】庞安常曰。预解时行痘疹毒。取其寒胜热。又入阳明故也。无则以山栀代之。
时珍
【禁忌】经疏曰。妊娠禁用。疮疡阴症平塌不起发者。真气虚也。法当内塞。漏芦苦寒。
非
味甘。性寒。无毒。得土之冲气兼阴寒之气以生。降也。阴也。
【主治】主小儿赤丹。其浸苎汁疗渴。（本经）治心膈热。漏胎下血。胎前产后心烦。
及
服金
毒。
【归经】入肝经。为解热散瘀之品。（捣汁能化血为水补阴润燥凉血）
【前论】丹溪曰。苎根大能补阴而行滞血。方家恶其贱勿用。惜哉。李仲南曰。诸伤瘀
血不
【禁忌】经疏曰。病患胃弱泄泻。及诸病不由血热者。均忌。
味苦。性平。无毒。得天地清凉之气以生。升多于降。阳也。
【主治】主明目。除风伤。（别录）润肺散气。利咽喉。去皮肤风。（元素）研末浸酒。
每日服三盏。除诸风。去丹石毒。利腰脚。又食前熟 三枚吞之。散诸结节筋骨烦热毒。（甄
权）
【归经】入肺胃二经。为散风除热解毒之品。（通行十二经）
【前论】东垣曰。能治风湿瘾疹。一也。疗咽喉风热。二也。散诸肿疮疡之毒。三也。
利凝
鳌按、牛蒡子功专发散。故为斑疹必用之剂。
【禁忌】经疏曰。疮家气虚色白。大便泄泻者忌。痧疹不忌泄泻。故用之无妨。痈疽已
溃。
[Lu Lu (Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humifusae)]
Taste: Bitter, Salty. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. It derives its bitter and salty taste from the earth and its great cold qi from heaven. Its action is descending, and it belongs to Yin. Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) serves as an guiding herb.
【Indications】Mainly treats skin heat toxins, malignant sores, carbuncles, hemorrhoids, and damp-bi syndrome. Promotes lactation. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Stops enuresis. Treats heat-induced sores and itching. Unblocks meridians.
(From *Bencao Jing Jiu Zhen* supplement: Generates blood?)
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Spleen, Stomach, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, and Bladder meridians. It is a substance that drains heat and resolves toxicity. (Note: As a drug for the Stomach meridian, it is cold in nature and promotes unblocking and draining.)
【Preceding Discussions】Pang Anchang stated: It can preemptively resolve the toxicity of seasonal pox/rubella because its cold nature overcomes heat, and it enters the Yangming meridian. If Lu Lu is unavailable, Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) can be used as a substitute. Li Shizhen (supplement).
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Jiu Zhen Shu* states: Contraindicated during pregnancy. For sores and ulcers presenting as yin syndromes with flat, non-elevated lesions caused by deficiency of true qi, the treatment method should involve internal tonification and support. Lu Lu is bitter and cold... (Original text implies it is unsuitable for such cases).
[Zhu Gen (Radix Boehmeriae)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. It derives its qi from the central earth combined with yin-cold qi. Its action is descending, and it belongs to Yin.
【Indications】Mainly treats erysipelas in children. The juice soaked from ramie root can treat thirst. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Treats heat in the heart and diaphragm. Threatened miscarriage with bleeding. Restlessness before and after childbirth. And... taking gold... toxicity. (Original text is incomplete, likely referring to resolving mineral/metal toxicity).
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Liver meridian. It is a substance that resolves heat and disperses stasis. (Crushed juice can transform blood stasis into fluid, tonify yin, moisten dryness, and cool blood.)
【Preceding Discussions】Zhu Danxi stated: Zhu Gen greatly tonifies yin and moves stagnant blood. Physicians avoid using it due to its low cost, which is a pity. Li Zhongnan stated: Various injuries causing blood stasis not... (Original text is incomplete).
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Jiu Zhen Shu* states: Contraindicated for patients with weak stomach and diarrhea, and for all conditions not caused by blood heat.
[Niu Bang Zi (Fructus Arctii)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. It derives its cooling qi from heaven and earth. Ascending action exceeds descending action; it belongs to Yang.
【Indications】Mainly improves vision. Dispels wind injury. (From *Xin Xiu Bencao*) Moistens lungs and disperses qi. Benefits the throat. Removes wind from the skin. (From Li Gao/Yuan Su) Crushed and soaked in wine. Take three cups daily. Dispels various winds. Resolves Danshi (mineral pill) toxicity. Benefits waist and legs. Also, swallowing three cooked seeds before meals disperses various nodules, bone-joint irritability, and heat toxins. (From Zhen Quan)
【Meridian Tropism】Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians. It is a substance that disperses wind, clears heat, and resolves toxicity. (Circulates through the twelve meridians.)
【Preceding Discussions】Li Dongyuan stated: It can treat wind-damp urticaria, this is point one. It treats wind-heat in the throat, this is point two. It disperses toxicity in various swellings and sores, this is point three. It benefits coagulation... (Original text is incomplete).
Zhao Xianke's commentary: Niu Bang Zi's efficacy specializes in dispersion, thus it is an essential agent for exanthematous diseases.
【Contraindications】Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Jiu Zhen Shu* states: Contraindicated for sore-patients with qi deficiency and pale complexion, or those with diarrhea. Exanthems do not contraindicate diarrhea, so its use is permissible. For abscesses that have already ulcerated... (Original text is incomplete).