味苦辛。性寒。无毒。降也。阴中微阳也。
【主治】主破坚癖。散滞气。治左胁肝经积气。（元素） 治胸膈气逆胁痛。小腹疝痛。
消乳
散也。
【归经】入肝胆二经。为猛锐之品。（二经气分药 通肝泻肺散积消痞除痰削坚开滞）
【前论】子和曰。陈皮升浮。入脾肺。治高而主通。青皮沉降。入肝胆。治低而主泻柴
胡疏
邪。
故窍
【禁忌】经疏曰。削坚破滞。性最酷烈。误服立损真气。必与参、术、芍药等补脾药同
行
味辛。性温涩。无毒。得天之阳气。地之金气以生。降也。阳中微阴也。忌见火。
【主治】主消谷。逐水。除痰癖。杀三虫。伏尸。疗寸白。（本经） 宣利五脏六腑壅
滞。
破
结（
瘴疠疟
【归经】入胃大肠二经。为沉重下坠之品。（能下肠胃有形之物）
【前论】元素曰。槟榔能坠诸气至于下极。故治后重如神。
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡气虚。脾胃虚。阴阳两虚。中气不足者。均忌。
味甘。性寒。无毒。得天地清寒之气以生。降也。阴中阳也。
【主治】主消烦止渴。解暑热。（吴瑞） 疗喉痹。（汪颖） 利小水。治血痢。解酒毒。
（宁
【归经】入脾经。为清暑解热之品。
【前论】时珍曰。西瓜究属生冷。名天生白虎汤。食者。但取一时之快。不知其伤脾助
湿之
鳌按、西瓜浮面青皮。名西瓜翠衣。能解皮肤间热。
以上泻剂果部
[Qingpi (Green Citrus Peel)]
Taste: Bitter, Acrid. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Action: Descending. It is Yin with slight Yang.
[Indications] Primarily breaks down hard accumulations and masses, disperses stagnant Qi. Treats accumulated Qi in the left hypochondrium affecting the Liver channel. (Cited from Zhang Yuansu) Treats rebellious Qi in the chest and diaphragm causing flank pain, and hernia pain in the lower abdomen. Resolves breast abscesses and other accumulations.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. It is a fierce and sharp substance. (It is a Qi-regulating herb for these two meridians; it unblocks the Liver, drains the Lungs, dissipates accumulations, removes epigastric fullness, eliminates phlegm, reduces hardness, and opens stagnation.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Zijian stated: Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel) is ascending and floating, enters the Spleen and Lung meridians, treats upper-level disorders, and primarily promotes free flow. Qingpi is descending and sinking, enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians, treats lower-level disorders, and primarily promotes purging. Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) disperses pathogenic factors.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: Due to its ability to reduce hardness and break stagnation, its nature is extremely harsh. Incorrect use will immediately damage True Qi. It must be administered together with spleen-tonifying herbs such as Renshen (Ginseng), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix).
[Binglang (Areca Seed)]
Taste: Acrid. Nature: Warm and Astringent. Non-toxic. Born from receiving Heaven's Yang Qi and Earth's Metal Qi. Action: Descending. It is Yang with slight Yin. Avoid exposure to fire.
[Indications] Primarily aids digestion of grains, expels water retention, resolves phlegm and dampness accumulations, kills three types of parasites, eliminates "Fushi" (chronic, incurable diseases), and treats Taenia solium (tapeworm). (Cited from *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Promotes the free flow of obstructed Qi in the five Zang and six Fu organs. Breaks up knot-like accumulations. (Treats malarial fevers caused by miasma.)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians. It is a heavy and sinking substance. (It can descend and expel有形 [formidable/solid] matter from the intestines and stomach.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Yuansu stated: Binglang causes all Qi to descend to the lowest extremity; therefore, it is miraculous in treating tenesmus.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: It is contraindicated for those with Qi deficiency, Spleen-Stomach deficiency, dual deficiency of Yin and Yang, or insufficiency of Middle Jiao Qi.
[Xigua (Watermelon)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Born from receiving the clear and cold Qi of Heaven and Earth. Action: Descending. It is Yin with slight Yang.
[Indications] Primarily relieves vexation, quenches thirst, and resolves summerheat. (Cited from Wu Rui) Treats throat obstruction (Houbi). (Cited from Wang Ying) Promotes urination. Treats bloody dysentery. Resolves alcohol toxicity. (Cited from Ning...)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen meridian. It is a substance that clears summerheat and resolves heat.
[Preliminary Discussion] Li Shizhen stated: Watermelon is ultimately a raw and cold food, named "Natural Baihu Tang." Those who eat it only seek momentary pleasure, unaware that it damages Spleen Qi and aids Dampness.
Zhao Xuemin's Note: The green rind floating on the surface of the watermelon is called "Xigua Cuiyi" (Watermelon Green Rind), which can resolve heat in the skin.
The above constitutes the fruit section of the Purgative category.