〔大〕妇人咳嗽者，由肌体虚，外受于寒热风湿所得也。肺为四脏之华盖，内统诸
脏之气，外合于皮毛。若为寒热风湿所伤，邪气自皮毛而入于肺，中外皆伤，故令咳也。大
抵治咳不可一概治，当以脉息辨之。其脉浮而弦者起于风，濡而弱者起于湿，洪而数者
起于热，迟而涩者起于寒。风者散之，湿者燥之，热者凉之，寒者温之，虚者补之，未
有不安者也。
〔薛〕丹溪云∶春是木气上升，夏是火气炎上，秋是湿热伤肺，冬是风寒外来。当
发散行痰开腠理，用二陈汤加麻黄、桔梗、杏仁。痰饮随证加药，劳嗽宜四物加竹沥、姜
汁。干咳嗽难治，此证乃痰郁火邪也。用苦梗开之，夏用补阴降火，不已则成劳。上半
日多嗽者，胃火也，用贝母、石膏。午后嗽者，阴虚也，用四物加炒黑黄柏、知母。黄
昏嗽者，火气浮于肺也，用五味子、五倍子。五更嗽者，饮食之火流于肺也，以贝母、软
石膏。肺胀而嗽，或左或右不得眠，此痰挟瘀血气滞而病，宜养血疏肝清痰，用四物加
桃仁、诃子、青皮、竹沥之类。嗽而胁下痛，宜疏肝气，以青皮。挟痰实者，白芥子之类。
血碍气作嗽者，桃仁、大黄、姜汁丸服。治嗽多用生姜，以其辛散故也。痰因火动，逆
上作嗽者，先治火，次治痰，以知母止嗽、清肺、滋阴、降火。夜嗽用清阴分之剂，若嗽
多用粟壳不必疑，但要去病根，此乃收后药也。窃谓前证午前嗽，属胃火盛，用竹叶石
膏汤。（伤寒瘥后病。）胃气虚，用补中益气（杂病伤劳倦。）加炒山栀。午后嗽，属阴血虚，用四物、
黄柏、知母。（二味酒拌炒黑。）肾水虚，用六味地黄丸。（杂病虚劳。）黄昏嗽，用四物、五味、麦
门并前丸。五更嗽用六君子。（杂病虚劳。）不得眠及两胁下痛，用六味地黄、补中益气。若
因气虚腠理不密，六淫所浸，当祛外邪而实脾土。若因心火太过，当伐肝木而滋肺金。若
肺金气虚，当补脾土而生肺气。若因肾水亏损，虚火炎上，当补肺肾以滋化源。大抵风
邪胃火，此实热为患，易治。惟肺肾亏损，此真脏为患，最难调治。一妇人素勤苦，冬
初咳嗽发热，吐血盗汗，通身作痛，或寒热往来，用化痰降火之药，口噤筋挛。此血本
虚而药复损之耳。余用八味丸（杂病虚劳。）为主，佐以补中益气、麦门、五味、山药，年余而
愈。一妇人咳嗽发热，呕吐痰涎，日夜约五六碗，喘咳胸痞，燥渴不食，崩血如涌。此
脾土虚寒，用八味丸及附子理中汤（杂病中寒。）而愈。一妇人不得于姑，患嗽胸膈不利，饮
食无味，此脾肺俱伤，痰郁于中也。先用归脾汤（杂病健忘。）加山栀、抚芎、贝母、桔梗，诸
证渐愈。后以六君加芎、归、桔梗间服，全
愈。一妇人咳嗽，早间吐痰甚多，夜间喘急不寐。余谓早间多痰，乃脾虚饮食所化，夜
间喘急，乃肺虚阴火上冲，用补中益气加麦门、五味而愈。一妇人患咳嗽，胁痛发热，
日晡益甚。余曰∶此肝脾虚热而伤肺也，用加味逍遥散（调经。）加熟地黄治之而愈。后因怒
气劳役，前证仍作，兼太阳痛，或寒热往来，或咳嗽遗尿，此肺气虚而尿脬失制也，仍用
前散及地黄丸而瘥。一妇人久咳嗽，面色痿黄，或时 白，肢体倦怠，饮食少思，稍
多则泻，此脾土虚而不能生肺金，朝用补中益气汤，夕用六君子汤为主，间佐以八珍汤，
杂病虚劳。三月余渐愈。后感寒邪喘嗽，胸腹作胀，饮食不入，四肢逆冷，此中气尚虚，不
能充皮毛，肥腠理，司开阖之所致也。遂用六君加生姜、桔梗而愈。
初虞世曰∶经曰∶微寒为嗽，寒甚为肠癖。古人立方治嗽，未有不本于温药，如干
姜、桂心、细辛之属。以寒气入里，非辛甘不能发散，以此准之，未有不因寒而嗽也。又
曰∶热在上焦，因咳为肺痿。又实则为肺痈，虚则为肺痿。此人其始或血不足，或酒色滋
味太过，或因服利药重亡津液，燥气内焚，肺金受邪，脉数发热，咳嗽脓血，病至于此，亦
已危矣。古人立方，亦用温药，如建中之属。今人但见寒热咳嗽，率用柴胡、鳖甲、门冬、
葶苈等药，旋踵受弊而不知非，可为深戒。就使不可进以温药，亦须妙以汤丸，委曲调治，
无为卤莽，致伤人命。
〔薛〕丹溪云∶阴分嗽者，多属阴虚。肺胀不得眠者难治。肺痿，专主补气养血清
金。肺气有余者宜泻之，以桑白皮为主，半夏、茯苓佐之，泻其有余，补其不足。肺燥
者当润之，属热者大力子、桔梗、知母、鸡子清。声哑者属寒也，细辛、半夏、生姜。肺
虚者，人参、阿胶为主。阴不足者，六味地黄为要药，或知母茯苓汤。阴虚气喘，四物
加陈皮、甘草以降其气，补其阴。窃谓前证嗽而鼻塞声重，风邪伤肺也，用参苏饮。（杂病
发热。）面赤喘嗽，火克肺也，人参平肺散。（杂病喘。）寒热交作，肝气不和也，四君加知母、
柴胡、桔梗。咳喘短气，肺虚也，人参补肺汤。（喘满。）体倦少食，脾虚也，参术补脾汤。
（本条。）口干咽燥，虚火上炎也，六味丸。大凡发热喘嗽，或咳唾脓血，饮食不入，急补脾
肺，滋肾水，多有得生者。脉浮大而面色赤者皆难治，脉浮短涩者可疗。
经曰∶感于寒，微则为咳，甚则为泄。盖肺主气，合于皮毛，邪伤皮毛，则咳，为肺
病，传于各脏，以时受邪。肺为嫩脏，邪易伤而难治。其嗽有肺、心、脾、肾、肝、风、
寒、支、饮、胆之十种。亦有劳嗽者，华佗谓之邪嗽，孙真人谓之注嗽。此因酒色过度，
劳伤肺经，重者咯唾脓血，轻者时发时瘥，或先呕血而后嗽，或先咳嗽而吐血，此又挟邪
传疰，孙真人用通气丸，梦与鬼交，用四满丸、蛤蚧、天灵盖、桃柳枝、安息香之类。若
肺中有虫入喉痒嗽，须以药含化，其虫即死，嗽即止。
〔薛〕仲景先生云∶咳而两胁痛，不能转侧，两 满，属于肝脏，用小柴胡汤。咳
而呕苦水，属胆腑，黄芩半夏生姜汤。咳而喉中如梗状，甚则咽肿喉闭，属心脏，桔梗汤。
咳而大便失气，属小肠腑，芍药甘草汤。咳而右 痛阴引肩背，甚则不可动，动则咳剧，
属脾脏，升麻汤。咳而呕，呕甚则出长虫，属胃腑，鸟梅丸。咳而喘息有声，甚则唾血，属
肺脏，升麻汤。咳而失尿，属大肠腑，麻黄附子细辛汤；咳而遗溺，属膀胱，茯苓半夏
汤。咳而不止，三焦受之，其状腹满不食，涕唾，而目浮肿，气逆，异功散。用之对证，其
效如神。一妇人患前证，晡热内热，寒热往来，作渴盗汗，小便频数，其经两三月一
行，此肝脾气血虚损，用八珍汤、六味丸，六十余剂，诸证渐愈。其经两月一行，仍用前
二药，间以加味逍遥散，各三十余剂。后恚怒，适经行，去血过多，诸证悉至，饮食少
思，腹胀气促，用十全大补汤数剂渐愈，仍
用前药，调补渐安。复因丧子，胸腹不利，食少，内热盗汗，便血无寐，用加味归脾汤，仍
兼前药而愈。一妇人患前证，不时发热，或时寒热，或用清热之剂，其热益甚，盗汗口
干，两足如炙，遍身皆热，昏愦如醉，良久热止方苏，或晡热至旦方止，此阴血虚而阳
气弱也。余朝用六味丸料，夕用十全大补汤，月余诸证稍愈，更兼以补中益气汤，两月余
而愈。
黄 散 治虚中有热，咳嗽脓血，口苦咽干。
黄 （四两） 甘草（二两）
上为细末，汤点一二钱服，日三服。一方，甘草一两，黄 六两，名黄 六一汤，
只咀水煎服。
蛤蚧丸 治妇人咳嗽不止，渐成劳气。
蛤蚧（一对，酥炙） 紫菀 款冬花 鳖甲（炙） 贝母（去心） 皂角子仁（炒，各一两）
杏仁（炒，去皮尖，一两半）
上为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，淡姜汤吞下。
含化丸 昔有妇人，患肺热久嗽，身如炙，肌瘦将成肺劳，服此安。（寇宗 方。）
枇杷叶（去毛） 桑白皮 款冬花 木通 紫菀 杏仁（各等分） 大黄（减半）
上为细末，炼蜜丸如樱桃大。食后、夜卧，含化一丸。
贝母汤 （《本事》）治诸嗽久不瘥。
贝母（生姜汁浸半日） 北五味子 黄芩 干姜（热者减半） 陈皮（各一两）
半夏 桑白皮 桂心 北柴胡（各半两，热者加一半） 木香 甘草（各二钱半）
上为粗末，每服五钱，水一盏半，杏仁七枚，去皮尖碎之，生姜二片，煎七分，去
滓热服。黄师文云∶戊申冬，有姓蒋者，其妻积年嗽，制此方授之，一投而瘥。以此治
诸嗽，悉皆愈。
定喘汤 治丈夫妇人，远年近日，肺气咳嗽，上气喘急，喉中涎声，胸满气逆，坐
卧不安，饮食不下，及治肺感寒邪，咳嗽声重，语音不出，鼻塞头昏，并皆治之。
半夏曲（炒） 阿胶（炒） 甘草（各钱半） 罂粟壳（制，半两） 北五味子
桑白皮 麻黄（去节） 人参（各三钱半）
上 咀，每服三大钱，姜三片，乌梅半个，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓渐渐温服，食
后、临卧，日二服。（方同《和剂》，分两、加减不同，有效。）
补肺汤 治证同前。（沧州李官人宅，又名清金汤。）
罂粟壳（制，二两） 人参 粉草（各半两） 陈皮 茯苓 杏仁（制） 白术
明阿胶（炒） 北五味子 桑白皮 薏苡仁 紫苏茎（各一两）
上 咀为末，每服三大钱，水盏半，姜三片，枣二枚，乌梅半个，煎至一盏，临卧
温服。更加百合、贝母（去心）、半夏曲、款冬花（各一两），服之良验。
金不换散 治男子女人肺胃虚寒，久嗽不已，喘促满闷，咳嗽涎盛，腹胁胀满，腰
背倦痛，或虚劳冷嗽，唾红痰，及远年近日一切喘嗽，诸药不效者，并治之。
罂粟壳（半两，制） 杏仁（制） 甘草（各三钱） 枳壳（四钱）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏半，姜三片，乌梅半个，煎至八分，食后、临卧，渐渐热
服。
许元林先生方，乙卯年七月，仆尝治一妇人咳嗽不已，服诸药无效，渐成痨瘵。求
予诊之，六脉濡弱，以愚考之，此是血弱，又因忧戚太过而成斯疾，合用当归等药治之必
愈。遂先用《古今录验》橘皮汤，空心服苏子降气汤，徐用金KT 煎、熟地黄丸、当归丸
调理得安。又治一妇人，时行感热咳嗽，遂用小柴胡汤去人参、姜、枣，只加北五味子
煎服愈。
古今录验橘皮汤 疗春冬伤寒、秋夏冷湿咳嗽，喉中作声，上气不得下，头痛方。
陈橘皮 紫菀 麻黄（去根） 杏仁（制） 当
归桂心 甘草 黄芩（各等分）
上 咀，每服五钱，水盏半，煎至一盏，去滓热服。
深师四满丸 治上气嗽，饮嗽，燥嗽，冷嗽，邪嗽，谓之五嗽。
干姜（炮） 桂心 踯躅花 芎 紫菀（各二两） 芫花根皮（五钱）
蜈蚣（一条，去头足，炙） 细辛 甘草（炙） 鬼督邮 人参 半夏（汤洗，各一两）
上为末，炼蜜丸大豆许。每服五丸，米饮下，日三服。未应，加至七八丸。
团鱼丸 治骨蒸劳嗽，累效。
贝母 前胡 知母 杏仁 柴胡（各等分） 生团鱼（二个）
上药与鱼同煮熟，取肉连汁食之，将药焙干为末，用骨更煮汁一盏，和药丸梧子大。
每服二十丸，煎黄 六一汤，空心送下。病既安，仍服黄 六一汤调理。
参术调中汤 泻热补气，止嗽定喘，和脾胃，进饮食。
黄 （四分） 桑白皮（五分） 人参 炙甘草 青皮 白茯苓（各三分） 五味子（杵，五分）
白术（三分） 地骨皮 麦门冬 陈皮（各五分）
上水煎服。
噙化丸 （自制方）清肺止嗽，定喘化痰。
薄荷叶（四两） 桑白皮 天门冬（去心） 麦门冬（去心） 知母（去皮毛） 百部
贝母（去心） 柿霜（各二两） 枇杷叶（去毛，蜜炙） 诃子肉 阿胶 橘红 紫菀 款冬花（各一两半）
栝蒌仁（去油） 栝蒌皮穗 黄芩 杏仁（炒，去皮尖油，取净霜） 白茯苓 玄明粉 铅白霜
桔梗（各一两） 旋复花 马兜铃 五味子（各七钱半） 硼砂（五钱） 冰片（一钱，非真者勿用）
上为极细末，梨膏为丸，如无梨膏，则以白蜜、竹沥、梨汁，熬至滴水不散为度，丸
如龙眼大，噙化一丸。
参 补脾汤 治肺证因脾气虚弱，咳唾脓涎，中满不食，宜兼服此药，以补脾土生
肺金。
人参 白术（各二钱） 黄 （炙，二钱半） 茯苓 当归 陈皮（各一钱） 升麻（三分）
五味子（四分，杵） 炙甘草（五分）
上姜水煎服。
[Da] Cough in women arises from bodily deficiency and external contraction of cold, heat, wind, and dampness. The Lung is the canopy of the five zang organs (the highest organ covering the others), internally governing the qi of all organs, and externally connecting with the skin and hair. If injured by cold, heat, wind, or dampness, pathogenic factors enter the Lung from the skin and hair, injuring both interior and exterior, thus causing cough. Generally, treating cough cannot be uniform; one must differentiate based on pulse. A floating and wiry pulse indicates wind origin; a soggy and weak pulse indicates damp origin; a surging and rapid pulse indicates heat origin; a slow and choppy pulse indicates cold origin. For wind, use dispersing methods; for damp, use drying methods; for heat, use cooling methods; for cold, use warming methods; for deficiency, use tonifying methods. There will be no case that does not heal.
[Xue] Danxi said: In spring, wood qi rises; in summer, fire qi flares upward; in autumn, damp-heat injures the Lung; in winter, wind-cold comes from outside. One should use methods to disperse, move phlegm, and open the couli (pores), using Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) added with Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen). Add herbs according to phlegm-fluids; for lao sou (cough due to consumptive disease), Siwu Tang (Four-substance Decoction) added with Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) and Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Juice) is suitable. Dry cough is difficult to treat; this syndrome is caused by phlegm stagnation transforming into fire-pathogen. Use Jiegeng to open the Lung; in summer, use yin-nourishing and fire-descending herbs. If untreated, it becomes consumptive disease. Cough mostly occurring in the morning is due to Stomach fire; use Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). Cough mostly occurring in the afternoon is due to yin deficiency; use Siwu Tang added with Chaohei Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex fried black) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma). Cough at dusk is due to fire qi floating in the Lung; use Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) and Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis). Cough at wugeng (5-7 AM) is due to food-fire flowing into the Lung; use Beimu and Ruan Shigao (Soft Gypsum). Lung distension with cough, or pain on either side preventing sleep, is caused by phlegm clumping with blood stasis and qi stagnation; nourish blood, soothe Liver, and clear phlegm using Siwu Tang added with Taoren (Persicae Semen), Hezi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus), Qingpi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium), and Zhuli. Cough with hypochondriac pain requires soothing Liver qi using Qingpi. For excess phlegm, use Baijiezhi (Sinapis Semen). When blood obstructs qi causing cough, use Taoren, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Jiangzhi made into pills. Ginger is often used in treating cough because of its acrid-dispersing nature. When phlegm moves due to fire and rebels upward causing cough, first treat fire, then treat phlegm, using Zhimu to stop cough, clear Lung, nourish yin, and descend fire. Night cough uses formulas clearing the yin division. Using Yingsuke (Pericarpium Papaveris) for cough is acceptable if necessary, but one must remove the root cause; this is a收敛 (astringent) post-treatment measure. I consider that morning cough belongs to excessive Stomach fire; use Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) [sequelae of Cold Damage]. Spleen-Stomach qi deficiency uses Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Decoction to Boost the Middle and Augment the Qi) [miscellaneous diseases due to overwork]; add Chao Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus fried). Afternoon cough belongs to yin-blood deficiency; use Siwu Tang, Huangbai, Zhimu [these two fried black with wine]. Kidney water deficiency uses Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) [miscellaneous consumptive disease]. Dusk cough uses Siwu Tang, Wuweizi, Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) and previous pill. Wugeng cough uses Liujunzi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) [miscellaneous consumptive disease]. Insomnia and bilateral hypochondriac pain use Liuwei Dihuang Wan and Buzhong Yiqi Tang. If due to qi deficiency and loose couli allowing six excess pathogens to invade, dispel external pathogens and solidify Spleen earth. If Heart fire is excessive, drain Liver wood and nourish Lung metal. If Lung metal qi is deficient, tonify Spleen earth to generate Lung qi. If Kidney water is damaged with deficient fire flaming upward, tonify Lung and Kidney to nourish the source of transformation. Generally, wind pathogen and Stomach fire are excess-heat disorders, easy to treat. Only Lung-Kidney damage involves the true zang organs, making it hardest to regulate. A woman who was hardworking developed cough, fever, hemoptysis, night sweats, and generalized pain in early winter. After taking phlegm-resolving and fire-descending herbs, she developed lockjaw and tendon spasms. This was due to underlying blood deficiency further damaged by medication. I used Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) as the main formula, assisted by Buzhong Yiqi Tang, Maidong, Wuweizi, and Shanyao. She recovered after more than a year. Another woman had cough, fever, vomiting of sputum (5-6 bowls day and night), wheezing, chest oppression, dry thirst, anorexia, and flooding hemorrhage. This was Spleen earth deficiency-cold; treated with Bawei Wan and Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Decoction to Warm the Middle) [miscellaneous middle-cold] and recovered. A woman offended by her mother-in-law suffered cough, chest-diaphragm discomfort, and loss of taste. This was dual injury to Spleen and Lung with phlegm stagnation in the middle. First used Guipi Tang (Spleen-Restoring Decoction) [miscellaneous forgetfulness] added with Zhizi, Fuxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong), Beimu, and Jiegeng; symptoms gradually improved. Later alternated with Liujunzi Tang added with Xiong, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Jiegeng until fully recovered. A woman had cough with much morning phlegm and night wheezing/insomnia. Morning phlegm is due to Spleen deficiency transforming food; night wheezing is due to Lung deficiency with yin-fire rushing up. Treated with Buzhong Yiqi Tang added with Maidong and Wuweizi and recovered. A woman had cough, hypochondriac pain, fever worsening at shibu (3-5 PM). This was Liver-Spleen deficiency-heat injuring the Lung; treated with Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) [menstrual regulation] added with Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) and recovered. Later, due to anger and labor, symptoms recurred with Taiyang headache, alternating chills/fever, cough, and enuresis. This was Lung qi deficiency with bladder loss of control; still used previous powder and Dihuang Wan and healed. A woman with chronic cough had sallow complexion, occasional pallor, limb fatigue, poor appetite, and diarrhea with slight overeating. This was Spleen earth deficiency failing to generate Lung metal. Morning: Buzhong Yiqi Tang; Evening: Liujunzi Tang; occasionally Zhenbao Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) [miscellaneous consumptive disease]. Improved after three months. Later contracted cold with wheezing/cough, abdominal distension, anorexia, and cold limbs. This was remaining middle qi deficiency failing to nourish skin/hair and couli, controlling opening/closing. Treated with Liujunzi Tang added with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Jiegeng and recovered.
Chu Yushi said: Classics state: Mild cold causes cough; severe cold causes intestinal dysentery. Ancient formulas for cough were never without warm herbs like Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). Since cold enters the interior, only acrid-sweet can disperse. Thus, cough is rarely not due to cold. Also: Heat in the upper jiao causes lung萎 (flaccidity) via cough. Excess leads to lung abscess; deficiency leads to lung flaccidity. Initially, these patients may have blood insufficiency, excessive alcohol/sex/flavor intake, or fluid depletion from purgatives, leading to internal dryness burning Lung metal. Pulse rapid, fever, cough with pus/blood. This is critical. Ancients also used warm herbs like Jianzhong Tang (Middle-Building Decoction). Moderns seeing cold/heat/cough indiscriminately use Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), Mendong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Tingli (Descurainiae Semen), suffering harm without realizing error. Deep warning needed. Even if warm herbs are contraindicated, use decoctions/pills skillfully and gently; do not be rash to endanger lives.
[Xue] Danxi said: Yin-division cough mostly belongs to yin deficiency. Lung distension with insomnia is difficult. Lung flaccidity focuses on tonifying qi, nourishing blood, and clearing metal. Lung qi excess should be drained, mainly Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), assisted by Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Fuling (Poria). Drain excess, tonify deficiency. Lung dryness needs moistening; heat types use Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Jiegeng, Zhimu, Jiziqing (Egg White). Hoarseness belongs to cold; use Xixin, Banxia, Shengjiang. Lung deficiency uses Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini) as mainstays. Yin insufficiency uses Liuwei Dihuang Wan as key herb, or Zhimu Fuling Tang. Yin-deficiency wheezing uses Siwu Tang added with Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) to descend qi and nourish yin. I consider: Cough with nasal congestion/heavy voice is wind pathogen injuring Lung; use Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink) [miscellaneous fever]. Red face with wheezing/cough is fire overcoming Lung; use Renshen Pingfei San (Ginseng Lung-Pacifying Powder) [miscellaneous wheezing]. Alternating chills/fever is Liver qi disharmony; use Sijunzi Tang added with Zhimu, Chaihu, Jiegeng. Cough/wheezing shortness of breath is Lung deficiency; use Renshen Bufei Tang (Ginseng Lung-Tonifying Decoction) [wheezing/fullness]. Fatigue/poor appetite is Spleen deficiency; use Shen Zhu Tuo Pi Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Spleen-Tonifying Decoction) [this section]. Dry mouth/throat is deficient fire flaming upward; use Liuwei Wan. Generally, fever/wheezing/cough or coughing pus/blood/anorexia: urgently tonify Spleen/Lung, nourish Kidney water; many survive. Floating-large pulse with red face are hard to treat; floating-short-choppy pulses are treatable.
Classics state: Contracting cold mildly causes cough; severely causes diarrhea. Lung governs qi and connects with skin/hair. Pathogen injuring skin/hair causes cough, a Lung disease, transmitting to other zang organs by season. Lung is a tender organ, easily injured and hard to treat. Cough has ten types: Lung, Heart, Spleen, Kidney, Liver, Wind, Cold, Branch, Fluid, Gallbladder. There is also Lao Sou (consumptive cough), called Xie Sou (pathogenic cough) by Hua Tuo, and Zhu Sou (infectious cough) by Sun Simiao. Due to excessive sex/alcohol, damaging Lung meridian. Severe cases expectorate pus/blood; mild cases wax/wane. Or hematemesis before cough, or cough before hemoptysis. This involves pathogen transmission (zhu). Sun Simiao used Tongqi Wan. Dreaming of sexual intercourse with ghosts uses Siman Wan, Gejie (Geckus), Tianlinggai (Cranii Humanum), Taoliuzhi (Peach/Willow Branches), Anshixiang (Benzoinum). If worms in Lung cause throat itch/cough, use lozenges to kill worms and stop cough.
[Xue] Zhang Zhongjing said: Cough with bilateral hypochondriac pain, inability to turn, fullness in hypochondria, belongs to Liver; use Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). Cough with bitter vomiting, belongs to Gallbladder; use Huangqin Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria, Pinellia, and Fresh Ginger Decoction). Cough with lump in throat, severe swelling/closure of throat, belongs to Heart; use Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction). Cough with fecal gas, belongs to Small Intestine; use Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction). Cough with right hypochondriac pain radiating to shoulder/back, immobility aggravating cough, belongs to Spleen; use Shengma Tang (Cimicifugae Decoction). Cough with vomiting, severe vomiting expelling long worms, belongs to Stomach; use Wumei Wan (Mume Pill). Cough with wheezing sound, severe hemoptysis, belongs to Lung; use Shengma Tang. Cough with urinary incontinence, belongs to Large Intestine; use Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asari Decoction); cough with bedwetting, belongs to Bladder; use Fuling Banxia Tang (Poria and Pinellia Decoction). Cough unceasing, affecting Triple Burner, presents with abdominal fullness, anorexia, drooling, eye edema, qi rebellion; use Yigong San (Extraordinary Merit Powder). Used correctly, efficacy is miraculous. A woman with previous symptoms had evening/internal heat, alternating chills/fever, thirst, night sweats, frequent urination, irregular menstruation (2-3 months). This was Liver/Spleen qi-blood deficiency; used Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) and Liuwei Dihuang Wan for 60+ doses; symptoms improved. Menstruation every 2 months; continued previous meds, alternating Jiawei Xiaoyao San, 30+ doses each. Later anger during menstruation caused heavy bleeding, all symptoms returned, poor appetite, abdominal distension, shortness of breath. Used Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction) for several doses; improved. Continued previous meds for regulation. Later grief over child's death caused chest/abdominal discomfort, poor appetite, internal heat, night sweats, hematochezia, insomnia. Used Jiawei Guipi Tang (Modified Spleen-Restoring Decoction) combined with previous meds; recovered. Another woman had intermittent fever/chills. Cooling herbs worsened heat, night sweats, dry mouth, hot feet, generalized heat, confusion/drunkenness, recovering only after heat subsided (evening to dawn). This was yin-blood deficiency and yang qi weakness. Morning: Liuwei Dihuang Wan material; Evening: Shiquan Dabu Tang. Improved after 1 month. Added Buzhong Yiqi Tang; recovered after 2+ months.
Huangqi San (Astragalus Powder) treats deficiency with heat, cough with pus/blood, bitter taste, dry throat.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix) (4 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (2 liang).
Grind to fine powder. Take 1-2 qian with boiled water, 3 times daily. Alternative: Gancao 1 liang, Huangqi 6 liang, named Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction), just chopped and decocted.
Gejie Wan ( Gecko Pill) treats women with incessant cough progressing to consumptive qi.
Gejie (Gecko) (1 pair, fried in butter), Ziwan (Asteris Radix), Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos), Biejia (Tortoise Shell, fried), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus, core removed), Saojiaoren (Gleditsiae Spina, fried, 1 liang each), Xingren (Apricot Seed, fried, peeled/sprouted removed, 1.5 liang).
Grind to powder. Honey-pill size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with light ginger soup.
Han Hua Wan (Lozenge Pill) Formerly, a woman with chronic lung-heat cough, body feeling hot, emaciation approaching lung consumption, was cured by this. (Kou Zongshi Formula.)
Pipaye (Loquat Leaf, de-hairy), Sangbaipi (Mulberry Bark), Kuandonghua, Mutong (Akebia Stem), Ziwan, Xingren (equal parts), Dahuang (Rhubarb, half dose).
Grind to powder. Honey-pill size of cherry. Lozenge one pill after meals and before bed.
Beimu Tang (Fritillaria Decoction) [Ben Shi Fang] treats various chronic coughs.
Beimu (soaked in ginger juice half day), Bei Wuweizi (Schisandra), Huangqin (Scutellaria), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, halve if heat), Chenpi (Citrus Peel, 1 liang each), Banxia (Pinellia), Sangbaipi, Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Beichaihu (Bupleurum, 0.5 liang each, add half if heat), Muxiang (Costus Root), Gancao (Licorice, 2.5 qian each).
Coarse powder. Take 5 qian, water 1.5 cups, Xingren 7 seeds (crushed), Shengjiang 2 slices. Decoct to 0.7 cup. Strain, drink hot. Huang Shiwen said: Winter Wushen year, Mrs. Jiang had chronic cough. Gave this formula; cured immediately. Treats all coughs effectively.
Dingchuan Tang (Wheezing-Stopping Decoction) treats men/women with long-standing or recent Lung qi cough, upper wheezing, phlegm sounds in throat, chest fullness, qi rebellion, restlessness, anorexia. Also treats Lung cold contraction with heavy cough, hoarseness, nasal congestion, dizziness.
Banxia Qu (Pinellia Fermented), Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Gancao (Licorice, 1.5 qian each), Yingsuke (Poppy Shell, processed, 0.5 liang), Bei Wuweizi, Sangbaipi, Mahuang (Ephedra, de-jointed), Renshen (Ginseng, 3.5 qian each).
Chop. Take 3 da qian, Shengjiang 3 slices, Wumei (Smoked Plum) 0.5, water 1.5 cups. Decoct to 0.7 cup. Strain, drink warm slowly. After meals/before bed, twice daily. (Same as Heji Ju Fang, different dosage/modifications, effective.)
Bufei Tang (Lung-Tonifying Decoction) Same indications as above. [Li Guanren House, Cangzhou, also named Qingjin Tang.]
Yingsuke (processed, 2 liang), Renshen, Fengcao (Licorice, 0.5 liang each), Chenpi, Fuling, Xingren (processed), Baizhu (Atractylodes), Ming Ejiao (fried), Bei Wuweizi, Sangbaipi, Yiyiren (Coix Seed), Zisu Jing (Perilla Stem, 1 liang each).
Chop to powder. Take 3 da qian, water 1.5 cups, Shengjiang 3 slices, Zao (Jujube) 2 pieces, Wumei 0.5. Decoct to 1 cup. Drink warm before bed. Add Baihe (Lily Bulb), Beimu, Banxia Qu, Kuandonghua (1 liang each) for better effect.
Jin Bu Huan San (Gold Cannot Exchange Powder) treats men/women with Lung/Stomach deficiency-cold, chronic cough, wheezing/fullness, profuse saliva, abdominal/hypochondriac distension, backache, consumptive cold cough, bloody sputum, and all refractory coughs.
Yingsuke (processed, 0.5 liang), Xingren (processed), Gancao (3 qian each), Zhiqiao (Bitter Orange, 4 qian).
Chop. Take 3 qian, water 1.5 cups, Shengjiang 3 slices, Wumei 0.5. Decoct to 0.8 cup. Drink hot slowly after meals/before bed.
Mr. Xu Yuanlin's Formula: July Yimao year. I treated a woman with incessant cough, unresponsive to drugs, progressing to tuberculosis. Pulse soggy/weak. Blood deficiency exacerbated by excessive worry. Should use Danggui etc. First used Jingu Luyan Jupi Tang (Ancient Record Tangerine Peel Decoction). Empty stomach: Suzi Jiangqi Tang (Perilla Descending Qi Decoction). Gradually use Jin KT Jian, Shudihuang Wan, Danggui Wan for regulation. Another woman with epidemic heat cough used Xiao Chaihu Tang minus Renshen, Shengjiang, Zao, plus Bei Wuweizi; cured.
Jingu Luyan Jupi Tang: Treats Spring/Winter Cold Damage, Autumn/Summer Cold-Damp Cough, throat sounds, rebellious qi, headache.
Chen Jupi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Ziwan, Mahuang (de-rooted), Xingren (processed), Danggui, Guixin, Gancao, Huangqin (equal parts).
Chop. Take 5 qian, water 1.5 cups. Decoct to 1 cup. Strain, drink hot.
Shensi Siman Wan (Deep Master Four-Fullness Pill): Treats Upper Qi Cough, Fluid Cough, Dry Cough, Cold Cough, Pathogenic Cough (Five Coughs).
Ganjiang (Roasted), Guixin, Zhizhu Hua (Daphne Flower), Xiong (Ligusticum), Ziwan (2 liang each), Yuanhua Genpi (Genkwa Bark, 5 qian), Wugong (Centipede, roasted, de-head/legs, 1), Xixin, Gancao (Roasted), Guidu You (Dichroa Root), Renshen, Banxia (Boiled wash, 1 liang each).
Powder. Honey-pill size of soybean. Take 5 pills with rice drink, 3 times daily. Increase to 7-8 if ineffective.
Tuanyu Wan (Softshell Turtle Pill): Treats bone-steaming consumptive cough, repeatedly effective.
Beimu, Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhimu, Xingren, Chaihu (equal parts), Sheng Tuanyu (Softshell Turtle, 2).
Cook medicine with turtle. Eat meat/juice. Dry medicine, grind. Boil turtle bones for 1 cup liquid. Mix with powder to make Sophora-sized pills. Take 20 pills with Huangqi Liuyi Tang on empty stomach. Maintain with Huangqi Liuyi Tang after recovery.
Shenzhu Tiaozhong Tang: Clears heat, tonifies qi, stops cough/stops wheezing, harmonizes Spleen/Stomach, promotes appetite.
Huangqi (4 fen), Sangbaipi (5 fen), Renshen, Zhi Gancao (Roasted Licorice), Qingpi, Baifuling (White Poria, 3 fen each), Wuweizi (Crushed, 5 fen), Baizhu (3 fen), Digupi (Dogwood Bark), Maidong, Chenpi (5 fen each).
Decoct in water.
Qin Hua Wan (Lozenge Pill) [Self-made]: Clears Lung, stops cough, calms wheezing, resolves phlegm.
Bohe Ye (Mint Leaf, 4 liang), Sangbaipi, Tiandong (Asparagus Root, de-core), Maidong (Ophiopogon, de-core), Zhimu (de-skin/hairs), Baibu (Stemona Root), Beimu (de-core), Shishuang (Persimmon Frost, 2 liang each), Pipaye (honey-fried), Hezi Rou (Areca Nut Flesh), Ejiao, Juhong (Red Tangerine Peel), Ziwan, Kuandonghua (1.5 liang each), Gualou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed, oil-free), Gualou Pi Sui (Trichosanthes Peel), Huangqin, Xingren (fried, de-skin/oil, pure霜), Baifuling, Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite), Qianbaishuang (Lead White Frost), Jiegeng (1 liang each), Xuanfu Hua (Inula Flower), Madou Ling (Aristolochia Root), Wuweizi (0.75 liang each), Pengsha (Borax, 5 qian), Bingpian (Borneol, 1 qian, genuine only).
Ultra-fine powder. Pill with Pear Paste. If none, use white honey, Zhuli, Pear Juice, boil until drops don't spread. Pill size of longan. Lozenge one pill.
Shenzhu Bupi Tang: Treats Lung syndrome due to Spleen qi deficiency, coughing pus/saliva, abdominal fullness/anorexia. Take concurrently to tonify Spleen earth generating Lung metal.
Renshen, Baizhu (2 qian each), Huangqi (Roasted, 2.5 qian), Fuling, Danggui, Chenpi (1 qian each), Shengma (3 fen), Wuweizi (Crushed, 4 fen), Zhi Gancao (5 fen).
Decoct in Ginger Water.