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Quan Ying Fang Lun (Treatise on Infant Care) states: The so-called hematemesis (vomiting blood) is caused by the rebellion of Ying and Wei Qi. Ying Qi belongs to Blood, and Wei Qi belongs to Qi. When Ying and Wei coordinate with each other without deviating from the normal path, if one side becomes excessive, it leads to the reckless movement of Blood. Blood is like water; if the dike breaks to the east, it flows east; if it breaks to the west, it flows west. Qi drives Blood, and its momentum is thus. Chao Yuan-fang stated: Hemorrhage occurs when Heat Qi is excessive while Blood is deficient. Heat invades the Blood, and due to its nature, Blood becomes scattered and moves recklessly when heated. When Qi rebels, Blood follows Qi upward, causing hematemesis. Alternatively, after overeating, the Spleen and Stomach become cold internally and fail to digest food. Suddenly vomiting the ingested food causes Qi and Blood to clash, injuring the Lung and Stomach, which also leads to hematemesis. If chronic coughing leads to Qi rebellion, accompanied by facial and ocular edema and coughing up blood, this is a deficiency-consumption disease. [Xue Ji] argued: The clear and light aspect is Ying Qi, and the turbid and heavy aspect is Wei Qi. Ying circulates within the vessels, while Wei circulates outside the vessels. Generally, Ying Qi is the essence of grain and water, harmonized in the Five Zang organs and distributed to the Six Fu organs, thus entering the vessels. Ying Qi is Yin Blood, governed by the Heart, transformed and controlled by the Spleen, stored in the Liver, disseminated by the Lung, and drained by the Kidney. It irrigates the whole body and nourishes all pulses, allowing all meridians to grow and develop. However, what controls Blood is Qi; hence it is said that "Qi provides warmth, and Blood provides moisture." Therefore, where Qi moves, Blood moves; where Qi stops, Blood stops. This follows the principle of Yang generating Yin and the husband leading as the wife follows. If Qi is injured, myriad pathological changes arise. Thus, reckless movement causes hematemesis and epistaxis; depletion causes deficiency consumption; sinking downward causes hematochezia; heat sinking causes dark urine; seeping into the intestines and stomach causes intestinal wind; Yin deficiency with Yang hyperactivity causes metrorrhagia and metrostaxis. These are all due to the aberration of Qi, leading to the leakage and overflow of Blood. Therefore, those who wish to nourish Yin must first understand the way to nurture Yang. In children, this condition often arises from congenital accumulated heat, or consuming rich and greasy foods, or caused by emotional stagnation transforming into fire in the nursing mother. Treatment methods: If Qi is deficient and Blood is weak, Ren Shen should be used to tonify it; when Yang is vigorous, Yin Blood generates itself. Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) alone can treat injuries to the Blood level when Qi is not deficient. If the pulse at the left Cun and Guan positions is rapid and forceless, it indicates Blood deficiency; use Si Wu Tang plus Ren Shen and Bai Zhu. If the pulse is floating and forceless, it indicates Qi deficiency; use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If the Chi position pulse is rapid or forceless, it indicates Kidney deficiency; use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia). If the right Cun and Guan pulse is rapid and forceful, it indicates Lung and Stomach Heat; use Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction), followed by Si Wu Tang plus Ren Shen, Fu Ling, and Bai Zhu. If the Chi position pulse is rapid and forceless, it indicates Yin deficiency; use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. If the complexion is yellow, eyes are dry, there is excessive eye discharge, and the hands feel numb, it indicates Spleen and Lung deficiency; use Huang Qi Shao Yao Tang (Astragalus and Peony Decoction).

Si Wu Tang treats fever and irritability due to Blood deficiency, or afternoon fever with thirst, and unclear head and eyes. If caused by Spleen deficiency failing to generate Blood, use Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction).
Dang Gui, Shu Di Huang (each 2 qian), Shao Yao, Chuan Xiong (each 1 qian).
Decoct these ingredients in water and take orally.

Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (for deficiency heat), Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (for Kidney deficiency).

Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang treats Shang Han (Cold Damage) and Wen Bing (Warm Diseases) where failure to induce sweating leads to internal Blood stasis, resulting in hematemesis with a sallow complexion, black stools, or excessive eruption of sores and pustules; this formula resolves such conditions.
Xi Jiao (sliced), Mu Dan Pi (each 1 liang), Sheng Di Huang (8 qian), Chi Shao Yao (7 qian).
Take 2 qian per dose, decoct in water, and take orally.

Huang Qi Shao Yao Tang treats chronic epistaxis, sallow complexion, dry eyes, excessive eye discharge, and hand numbness.
Huang Qi (3 liang), Zhi Gan Cao, Sheng Ma, Ge Gen, Chao Huang Shao Yao (each 1 liang), Qiang Huo (0.5 liang).
Take 3 qian per dose, decoct in water, and take orally. Note: These are herbs for the Hand-Taiyin, Hand-Yangming, Foot-Taiyin, and Foot-Yangming meridians. However, long-term Blood deficiency leads to Yang deficiency as well. Thus, insufficient Blood causes numbness, and Yin deficiency with Fire hyperactivity causes myriad pathological changes; this is actually not Wind, but follows the example of raising Yang and nourishing Yin.

Ren Shen Huang Qi San treats deficiency consumption with exogenous heat, emaciation, fatigue, dry mouth and throat, afternoon tidal fever, five-palm heat, night sweats, chest fullness, poor appetite with thirst, and coughing up purulent blood.
Tian Men Dong (decored, 3 liang), Ban Xia, Chao Zhi Mu, Sang Bai Pi, Chao Chi Shao Yao, Chao Huang Qi, Zi Wan, Zhi Gan Cao, Cu Bie Jia (each 0.5 liang), Bai Fu Ling, Chai Hu, Qin Jiao, Sheng Di Huang, Shu Di Huang, Di Gu Pi (each 2 liang), Ren Shen, Jie Geng (each 1 liang).
Crush into a powder. Take 3-5 qian per dose, decoct in water, and take orally. Adults may also use it. (Another prescription includes Sheng Jiang).

Bai Zhi Yin treats pediatric epistaxis and hematemesis.
Gan Bai Zhi, Gan Ou Jie.
Grind equally into powder. For three-year-olds, take half a qian, mix with Ou Zhi (lotus root juice) and honey, and take with boiling water. Another prescription uses Bai Shao Yao powder mixed with Xi Jiao Zhi (Rhino Horn Juice) to treat hemoptysis and epistaxis.

Chen Jiao San treats pediatric hematemesis.
Chao E Jiao, equal parts of Ge Fen, a small amount of Chen Sha.
Grind into powder and mix to form a pink color. For three-year-olds, take 1 qian, mix with Ou Zhi and honey, and take orally.

Zi Can San treats hematemesis.
Zi Can, Shan Zhi Zi, Sheng Gan Di Huang (each 1 liang), Ci Ji (1 fen, burnt to ash), Luan Fa (1 fen, burnt to ash, retaining substance properties; grind the above into fine powder, set aside), Pu Huang, Fu Long Gan (each 1 fen, finely ground).
Mix all ingredients evenly. Take 0.5 to 1 qian per dose, mix with Zhu Ru Tang (Bamboo Shavings Decoction), and take orally.