〔汤〕哺露者，因乳哺不消，脾胃衰弱，渐不能食，血气减损，肌肉不荣，柴骨
羸露，吸吸苦热，谓之哺露也。宜麝香进食丸（方见积癖）。
〔曾〕哺露者，亦由乳哺不节，损于脾胃，脾胃损而饮食减，形容羸瘦，则脏腑
之气不能宣通，时间有热，谓之哺露。此候与丁奚相去不远，但食多吐逆，脏气虚，
冷而泄泻无度，粪中有虫，治法同前丁奚证药，惟加养脏汤服之（方见赤白痢）。
《圣惠》人参丸 治小儿哺露，失衣当风，湿冷水浴，苦腹大，时痢，或寒热如疟，
不欲食，纵食，不生肌肉，或不消化，四肢羸瘦。
人参 麦门冬（去心，焙） 半夏（汤洗七遍，去滑） 黄 川大黄（微炒） 白茯苓 柴胡 黄
芩（各三分） 诃梨勒（煨，用皮） 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 鳖甲（涂醋，炙令黄，去裙 。各一两） 芎 （半两）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜丸如麻子大。一二岁儿以粥饮下三丸，四五岁五丸，
日三服，量大小加减。
（食积寒热 痢）
《伤寒论》人病有宿食，何以别之。师曰∶寸口脉浮而大，按之反涩，故知有宿
食，当下之，宜大承气汤（伤寒）。然同一发热，而伤食者惟肚腹之热为甚，且粪极酸臭，
夜间潮热，尤伤积之明验也。小儿宿食不消者，胃纳水谷而脾化之，儿幼不知撙节
胃之所纳，脾气不足以胜之，故不消也。神曲、麦芽之属，皆腐化之物，昔肾已
谓能伤胃中生发之气矣，况进而三棱、莪术乎，况又进而牵牛、大黄、巴豆乎，脾
气一受伤于食，再受伤于药，至于下之，而气已一脱矣，所存几何，故夫克食之药
不可多用，下积之药，尤不可不审其证之可下与不得不下，而后用也。钱氏论食不
消，脾胃冷故不能消化，当补脾益黄散主之。
保和丸 治饮食停滞，胸膈痞满，嗳气吞酸，或吐泻腹痛。（加白术一两即大安丸）
神曲（炒） 山楂 半夏 茯苓（各一两） 陈皮 连翘 萝卜子（炒，五钱）
上为末，粥丸桐子大。每服三十丸，白汤送下。
愚按∶前方，行气克滞之剂，若元气无亏，暴停乳食而致斯证者，宜用此消
导之。若元气虚弱而乳食所伤者，必调补胃气为主，而佐以消导。若乳食已消而
作呕者，乃胃气被伤，当用异功散补之。不宜仍用前药，重损胃气，治者审之。
木香大安丸
木香（二钱） 黄连 陈皮 白术（各三钱） 枳实 山楂肉 莱菔子（炒） 连翘 神曲（炒） 麦 （炒） 砂
仁（各一钱半）
上为末，神曲糊为丸。陈廪米汤下。
消食丸（又名消乳丸） 治宿食不消。
砂仁 陈皮（炒） 三棱（炒） 神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒。各半两） 香附（炒，一两）
上末，曲糊丸如麻子大。食后白汤送下，大小加减。
七圣丸
三棱 蓬术 川楝 青皮 陈皮 芫花 杏仁
上件等分，先用醋浸芫花一宿，炒渐干，次入蓬、棱同炒赤色，又入陈、
练等再同炒一处，令微焦，取出为末，前药如各半两，杏仁亦用半两，汤浸，
去皮尖双仁不用，细研入巴豆二十粒去油，和匀，醋糊丸如黍米大。一岁儿常
服二丸，临卧温热汤送下。使日间所飧之物，一夜而化，永无疳疾，能使黄瘦子
顿作化生儿，今之小儿可去巴豆，只入杏仁，名七圣丸是也。
三棱散 主诸般停滞，疳积发热，泻痢酸 ，水谷不化，常服和脾胃，进饮食，长肌肉，益神气。
人参（去芦，七钱半） 三棱（炮，锉） 净香附（各一两半） 青皮（去白） 益智仁 陈皮（去白） 枳壳
（去穣，锉片，麸炒） 神曲（炒） 谷芽（洗，焙） 半夏（制） 莪术（醋煮透，滤干，锉焙） 大黄（半生，半
炮） 紫苏（去老梗。各半两） 甘草（半生，半炙，一两二钱）
上碎，每服二钱，水一盏，姜三片，仓米百粒，煎七分。无时温服。气虚者，加白茯苓一两。
莪术丸 和脾益胃，消进饮食，宽膈快气，悦色清神。
莪术（炮，锉） 三棱（炮，锉） 净香附（三味各四两，醇醋浸七日，慢火煮干，再焙） 槟榔（一两，薄锉） 生
牵牛末（一两，另研） 青木香（去芦） 谷芽（净洗，焙干） 青皮（去白。各半两） 荜澄茄 丁香 南
木香（各四钱）
上除槟榔、丁香、木香不过火，及牵牛末，余七味锉焙，仍同槟榔、木香、
丁香为末，临入牵牛末和匀，水煮面糊丸绿豆大。每服三十丸至五十丸，无
时，用淡姜汤下，温茶、温酒皆好，儿小者，丸粟米大，粒数、下法如前。
丁香脾积丸
三棱（煨，去皮毛） 莪术（去皮，炒） 神曲（炒。各七钱） 青皮 巴豆霜 小 香（炒） 陈皮（各五钱） 丁
香木香（各三钱）
上为细末，醋调神曲糊为丸，如绿豆大。每服五七丸，生姜汤下。
三黄枳术丸 治伤肉、湿面、辛辣、味浓之物，致填塞闷乱不快。
枳实（麸炒，五钱） 黄连（酒浸，炒） 大黄（湿纸裹，煨） 白术（各一两） 黄芩（五钱）
上为末，汤浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大。每服五十丸，白汤下，临时量所伤多少，加减服之。
《圣惠》诃梨勒散 治小儿宿食不化，少欲饮食，四肢消瘦，腹胁多胀。
诃梨勒皮（三分） 人参 白术 麦 （炒令微黄） 陈橘皮（去白） 槟榔（各半两） 甘草（一分，炙微赤）
上件药捣，粗罗为散，每服一钱，以水一小盏，煎至五分，去滓。量儿大小分减，温服，日四五服。
〔朱氏〕木香丸 治小儿气，开胃进食。
木香 人参 白茯苓 青皮 陈皮 肉豆蔻（各一分） 三棱（一两，炮）
上为末，面糊丸，麻子大。每服十丸，姜汤下。
〔朱氏〕洗心散 治小儿乳食伤心作壮热，喘息不调，咳嗽多睡。
甘草（一钱，生） 麦门冬（一分半） 皂角（半两，入沙糖涂酥炙，后于盆下盖良久出火毒，方用）
上烂杵，不罗，每服二钱，水一盏，煎至八分。作五服，时时吃。
养脾丸
人参 白术 当归 川芎（各一钱半） 木香 青皮 黄连 陈皮（各一钱） 砂仁 山楂
肉神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒。各五分）
上为细末，水调神曲糊丸，如麻子大。每服三五十丸，陈仓米饮下。
[Tang] Bulu (Feeding Dew/Emaciation due to Feeding) is caused by the inability to digest milk and food, leading to Spleen-Stomach weakness. Gradually, the patient loses appetite, Qi and Blood are depleted, muscles lose nourishment, the body becomes emaciated with bones protruding like firewood, accompanied by a persistent sensation of bitter heat; this is called Bulu. It is suitable to use Shexiang Jinshi Wan (Musk Appetite-Enhancing Pill) (see formula in Ji Pi chapter).
[Zeng] Bulu is also caused by irregular breastfeeding or feeding, which damages the Spleen and Stomach. When the Spleen and Stomach are damaged, food intake decreases, the physique becomes emaciated, and the Qi of the Zang-Fu organs cannot circulate freely. Occasional fever occurs, which is called Bulu. This condition is not far from Ding Xi (Ding Xi Syndrome), but Bulu often presents with vomiting after eating, deficiency of Zang Qi, profuse watery diarrhea due to cold, and worms in the stool. The treatment method is the same as for Ding Xi syndrome mentioned previously, but Yangzang Tang (Nourish Viscera Decoction) should be added (see formula in Chi Bai Li chapter).
*Shenghui Fang* Renshen Wan: Treats pediatric Bulu caused by exposure to wind after removing clothes, or bathing in cold water while damp, resulting in abdominal distension, frequent dysentery, alternating chills and fever resembling malaria, anorexia, failure to gain weight even after eating, indigestion, and emaciation of the four limbs.
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, dried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water to remove slipperiness), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, lightly stir-fried), Baifuling (Poria), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (each 3 fen), Helile (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus, roasted, using the peel), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red, chopped), Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, skirt removed, each 1 liang), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (0.5 liang).
The above herbs are crushed, sifted into powder, and made into pills the size of hemp seeds using refined honey. For children aged one to two years, administer three pills with rice gruel drink; for ages four to five, five pills. Take three times daily, adjusting dosage according to age and size.
(Stagnated Food with Alternating Chills and Fever / Dysentery)
*Shanghan Lun* states: If a patient has stagnant food (Su Shi), how can it be distinguished? The Master said: The pulse at Cun Kou is floating and large, but feels rough (Se) upon deep pressure; thus, we know there is stagnant food, and purgation is indicated. Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is appropriate (from *Shanghan Lun*). However, although both present with fever, in cases of food injury, the heat is most severe in the abdomen, and the feces are extremely sour and foul-smelling. Nighttime tidal fever is a clear sign of food stagnation. In children, stagnant food fails to digest because the Stomach receives water and grain while the Spleen transforms them. Children do not know moderation in what the Stomach receives, and the Spleen Qi is insufficient to handle it, hence indigestion. Herbs such as Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) and Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) are substances of decomposition. Ancients stated that they can damage the generating Qi of the Stomach; how much more so Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) and Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma)? And even more so Qian Niu (Pharbitidis Semen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Badou (Crotonis Semen)? Once the Spleen Qi is injured by food, and then again by medicine, when purgation is used, the Qi may already collapse. How much Qi remains? Therefore, food-resolving medicines should not be used excessively. Purgatives for resolving stagnation must be used only after carefully assessing whether the condition permits or necessitates purgation. Qian Yi discussed food indigestion, attributing it to Cold in the Spleen and Stomach preventing digestion, and recommended Bupi Yihuang San (Tonify Spleen and Yellow Powder) as the primary treatment.
Baohe Wan: Treats food stagnation, chest and diaphragm fullness and oppression, belching with acid regurgitation, or vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. (Adding 1 liang of Baizhu makes Da'an Wan).
Herbs: Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria) (each 1 liang), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Luobozǐ (Brassicae Seminum, stir-fried, 5 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills the size of tung tree seeds using rice gruel. Take 30 pills each time, swallowed with plain boiled water.
My Commentary: The preceding formulas are Qi-moving and stagnation-breaking agents. If the Original Qi is not deficient, and the condition is caused by sudden cessation of breastfeeding or overfeeding, these resolving and guiding agents are appropriate. If the Original Qi is weak and damaged by milk and food, the main treatment must be regulating and tonifying Stomach Qi, assisted by resolving agents. If vomiting occurs after the food has been digested, it indicates Stomach Qi has been damaged, and Yigong San (Yi Gong's Powder) should be used for tonification. Do not continue using the previous drugs, as this would further damage Stomach Qi. Physicians must exercise caution.
Muxiang Da'an Wan
Herbs: Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 2 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 3 qian), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Shanzhare (Crataegi Fructus), Laifuzi (Brassicae Seminum, stir-fried), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Maoya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, stir-fried), Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (each 1.5 qian).
Grind into powder, make pills using Medicated Leaven paste. Swallow with old barn rice soup.
Xiaoshi Wan (also known as Xiaoru Wan): Treats stagnant food indigestion.
Herbs: Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, stir-fried), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, stir-fried), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Maoya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, stir-fried, each 0.5 liang), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills the size of hemp seeds using leaven paste. Take after meals with plain boiled water, adjusting dosage by age.
Qisheng Wan
Herbs: Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Pengzhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Chuanlián (Toosendan Fructus), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum).
Take equal parts. First, soak Yuanhua in vinegar overnight, stir-fry until dry. Then add Pengzhu and Sanleng, stir-fry until red. Add Chenpi and [Lian] (text unclear, likely a typo or specific preparation), stir-fry together until slightly scorched. Remove and grind into powder. The aforementioned herbs should be half a liang each. Xingren should also be half a liang, soaked in water, skin and tips removed, double kernels discarded, ground finely. Add 20 grains of Badou (Crotonis Semen) from which the oil has been removed. Mix evenly, make pills the size of millet seeds with vinegar paste. One-year-old children take 2 pills regularly, swallowed with warm liquid before bed. This allows food eaten during the day to digest overnight, preventing Gan disease (infantile malnutrition), turning emaciated children into healthy ones. Modern practitioners may omit Badou and use only Xingren, naming it Qisheng Wan.
Sanleng San: Mainly treats various types of stagnation, Gan accumulation with fever, dysentery with sour odor, undigested food and water. Regular use harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach, promotes appetite, builds muscle, and benefits Spirit.
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, rhizome removed, 7.5 qian), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, processed, chopped), Jing Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, cleaned) (each 1.5 liang), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, white pith removed), Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, pulp removed, sliced, bran-fried), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Guya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, washed, dried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, prepared), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, boiled in vinegar until soft, filtered, dried, chopped), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, half raw, half processed), Zisu (Perillae Folium, old stems removed, each 0.5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, half raw, half honey-fried, 1.2 liang).
Chop coarsely. Take 2 qian per dose, with one cup of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 100 grains of barn rice. Decoct until 0.7 cup remains. Take warm at any time. For Qi deficiency, add 1 liang of Baifuling.
Ezhu Wan: Harmonizes Spleen and benefits Stomach, promotes digestion, relieves chest oppression and regulates Qi, brightens complexion and clears the mind.
Herbs: Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, processed, chopped), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, processed, chopped), Jing Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, cleaned) (these three, 4 liang each, soaked in strong vinegar for 7 days, slow-fire boiled until dry, then dried), Binglang (Arecae Semen, 1 liang, thinly sliced), Sheng Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen, raw, powdered separately, 1 liang), Qingmuxiang (Vladimiriae Radix, rhizome removed), Guya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, washed clean, dried), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, white pith removed, each 0.5 liang), Bidengqie (Schizonepetae Spica? No, likely Bibingqie/Bibingqie is incorrect, likely Bi Cheng Qie - Schisandrae Fructus? Or Bibingqie is a typo for Bi Cheng Qie? Actually Bi Cheng Qie is usually Bibingqie in some texts, but standard is Bi Cheng Qie. Wait, Bi Cheng Qie is Bibingqie in older texts? No, Bi Cheng Qie is Bibingqie. Let's stick to text: Bi Cheng Qie), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Nanmuxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (each 4 qian).
Except for Binglang, Dingxiang, and Nanmuxiang which should not be overheated, and the separate Qianniu powder, chop and dry the remaining seven herbs. Grind together with Binglang, Nanmuxiang, and Dingxiang into powder. Before use, mix in the Qianniu powder. Make pills the size of mung beans using water-boiled wheat paste. Take 30-50 pills each time, at any time, with light ginger soup. Warm tea or warm wine are also acceptable. For small children, make pills the size of millet seeds; number and administration method as above.
Dingxiang Pi Ji Wan
Herbs: Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, roasted, skin and hairs removed), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, skin removed, stir-fried), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried, each 7 qian), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Badoushuang (Crotonis Semen, oil removed), Xiaohui (Foeniculi Fructus, stir-fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 5 qian), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (each 3 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Use vinegar and Medicated Leaven paste to make pills the size of mung beans. Take 5-7 pills each time, with ginger soup.
Sanhuang Zhizhu Wan: Treats discomfort, stuffiness, and restlessness caused by consuming meat, wet noodles, spicy foods, or rich-tasting items.
Herbs: Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried, 5 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, wine-soaked, stir-fried), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wrapped in wet paper, baked), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 5 qian).
Grind into powder. Soak steamed bread dough in water to make pills the size of mung beans. Take 50 pills each time with plain boiled water. Adjust dosage based on the amount of food ingested.
*Shenghui Fang* Helile San: Treats pediatric stagnant food indigestion, loss of appetite, emaciation of four limbs, and abdominal/flank distension.
Herbs: Helilipi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus Peel, 3 fen), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, stir-fried until slightly yellow), Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed), Binglang (Arecae Semen) (each 0.5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 fen, honey-fried until slightly red).
Crush herbs, sieve coarsely to make a powder. Take 1 qian per dose, with a small cup of water, decoct until 0.5 cup remains. Strain. Divide dose according to child's size, take warm, 4-5 times daily.
[Zhushi] Muxiang Wan: Treats pediatric Qi stagnation, opens stomach and promotes appetite.
Herbs: Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen) (each 1 fen), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, processed, 1 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills the size of hemp seeds using wheat paste. Take 10 pills each time with ginger soup.
[Zhushi] Xixin San: Treats high fever, irregular breathing, cough, and excessive sleep in children caused by milk and food injuring the Heart.
Herbs: Gancao (Licorice Root, raw, 1 qian), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 1.5 fen), Zhaojiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus, 0.5 liang, coated with rock sugar and butter, roasted, covered under a basin for a long time to remove fire toxicity before use).
Mash thoroughly, do not sieve. Take 2 qian per dose, with one cup of water, decoct until 0.8 cup remains. Divide into five doses, sip frequently.
Yangpi Wan
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 1.5 qian), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 1 qian), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Shanzhare (Crataegi Fructus), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Maoya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, stir-fried, each 5 fen).
Grind into fine powder. Use water and Medicated Leaven paste to make pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 30-50 pills each time with old barn rice drink.