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Emaciation and failure of muscle growth at the Stomach point (Moxibustion: one cone).
Translation: For emaciation and failure of muscle growth, treat the Stomach point (specific location not explicitly named in text, referred to as "Stomach"), apply moxibustion for one cone.

[Tian] Infantile malnutrition with emaciation. Moxibustion three cones on the tip of the lower chest bone, followed by three cones on the upper part of the tailbone at the end of the spine.
Translation: Tian states: For infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome) characterized by emaciation, apply moxibustion of three cones on the bony prominence at the lower end of the chest, and subsequently three cones on the area above the tailbone at the inferior end of the spine.

For infantile malnutrition with emaciation and rectal prolapse, thin body with thirst and drinking, haggard appearance, refractory to various treatments. Moxibustion three cones in the bony depression three cun above the tailbone.
Translation: For infants suffering from malnutrition (Gan syndrome) with emaciation and rectal prolapse, a thin body accompanied by thirst and desire to drink, and a haggard appearance that does not respond to various treatments, apply moxibustion of three cones in the bony depression located three cun above the tailbone.

Infant with severe emaciation, visceral qi rushing up like a pig (Ben Tun) with abdominal swelling, flaccidity of limbs, inability to raise shoulders and back. Moxibustion seven cones on each Zhangmen (LR13) acupoint.
Translation: For an infant with severe emaciation, visceral qi rushing upward resembling a running pig (Ben Tun syndrome) accompanied by abdominal distension/swelling, flaccidity and weakness of the four limbs, and inability to lift the shoulders and back, apply moxibustion of seven cones on each side of the Zhangmen (LR13) acupoint.

Tang states: Infantile crane-joint deformity is caused by insufficient congenital endowment, lack of blood and qi nourishment, and emaciated muscles, causing all joints to be exposed, resembling the legs of a crane. This is due to kidney deficiency failing to generate marrow. The treatment method should use Qian's Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill) added with Deer Antler (Lurong) and Achyranthes Root (Niuxi).
Translation: Tang states: Infantile "crane-joint" deformity (a condition resembling rickets where joints appear prominent) arises from insufficient innate constitution, inadequate nourishment by blood and qi, and emaciated muscles, resulting in exposed joints resembling a crane's legs. This is fundamentally due to Kidney Deficiency failing to produce marrow. The appropriate treatment is Qian's Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill), supplemented with Lurong (Cervi Cornu Degelatinatum / Deer Antler Gel) and Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix).

Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill): Treats delayed closure of fontanelles, emaciation with exposed bones, resembling crane-knee, all due to Kidney Deficiency. Also treats Kidney Gan syndrome with collapse of the "Heavenly Pillar" (neck). The Kidney governs bones.
Translation: Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill): Indicated for delayed closure of the cranial fontanelle, emaciation with exposed skeletal structures, and presentation resembling "crane-knee" (genu varum/valgum with joint enlargement), all attributable to Kidney Deficiency. It also treats Kidney-type Gan syndrome presenting with "collapse of the Heavenly Pillar" (weakness/collapse of the cervical spine). The Kidney governs the bones.

Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang) (washed, dried, 8 qian), Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) (washed, 2 qian), Moutan Bark (Mudanpi) (remove heart), White Poria (Baifuling) (each 3 qian), Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) meat, Achyranthes Root (Niuxi), Deer Antler (Lurong) (roasted with butter), Chinese Yam (Shanyao) (each 4 qian).
Translation: Ingredients: Shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata) (washed, dried, 8 qian), Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis) (washed, 2 qian), Mudanpi (Cortex Moutan) (pulp removed), Baifuling (Poria) (each 3 qian), Shanzhuyu (Fructus Corni) pulp, Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), Lurong (Cervi Cornu Degelatinatum) (roasted with butter), Shanyao (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) (each 4 qian).

Grind into powder, form pills with honey the size of guava seeds. For children under three years old, administer 2-3 pills, dissolved in warm water on an empty stomach.
Translation: Grind the ingredients into a fine powder and bind with honey to form pills the size of guava seeds. For children under three years of age, administer 2–3 pills, dissolved in warm water while fasting.

(Alternative names for Gan Distension)
Translation: (Alternative Nomenclature for Gan Distension Syndrome)

Chao states: Infantile Dingxi disease is caused by overfeeding, while the spleen and stomach are still weak and unable to digest and transform food. Undigested food reduces the essence of water and grain, depriving blood and qi of nourishment, leading to muscle emaciation. The disease presents with a large abdomen, small neck, and yellowish emaciation. If prolonged without cure, it transforms into Gu Dai (Grain Wasting). Shangbao (Injury from Fullness), Bulu (Exposure during Feeding), and Dingxi are largely similar, named according to severity. 《Zhenzhu Nang》 states: Whenever an infant suffers diarrhea after vomiting, prolonged uncured, or cannot walk after illness subsides, with large knees and bloody stool (intestinal redness), it is called Dingxi. Under seven years old is called Drumstick Wind. Under fifteen years old is called Crane-Knee Wind. These are all caused by wind-cold injuring the Kidney, which governs bones.
Translation: Chao states: Infantile Dingxi disease results from excessive feeding while the Spleen and Stomach remain weak, unable to grind and digest food. Failure to digest food depletes the essence derived from water and grain, failing to nourish blood and qi, thereby causing muscle emaciation. Clinical manifestations include abdominal distension, a thin neck, and yellowish emaciation. If left untreated for a long time, it may transform into Gu Dai (Grain Wasting Syndrome). Shangbao (Injury from Overeating), Bulu (Malnutrition due to Exposure/Poor Feeding), and Dingxi are essentially similar conditions, differentiated by severity. According to *Zhenzhu Nang*, if an infant experiences diarrhea following vomiting that persists, or cannot walk after recovery, accompanied by enlarged knees and hematochezia (blood in stool), it is termed Dingxi. In children under seven, it is called Drumstick Wind; in those under fifteen, Crane-Knee Wind. Generally, these conditions are attributed to Wind-Cold pathogenic factors injuring the Kidney, as the Kidney governs the bones.

Zhuang differentiates Gan Distension and Dingxi: If the infant has a large abdomen with visible blue veins, it is called Gan Distension. If there are no visible blue veins, it is called Dingxi. This is caused by overeating damaging food intake. Zeng states: Dingxi is also a syndrome of chronic accumulation forming Gan, caused by dietary excess injuring the Spleen and Stomach. Spleen-Stomach deficiency fails to transform food, leading to reduced intake, inability to generate blood and qi, pale and dull complexion, tidal fever, large abdomen with many blue veins, cylindrical limbs, open fontanelles, small neck, and yellowish emaciation. First administer Wanying Wan (general treatment for five types of Gan), then Shenling Baizhu San (for refusal to nurse/eat) once in the morning to nourish Stomach Qi, and Tihu San to promote appetite. After eating, administer Wuxi Wan (for accumulations) 3–5 pills to assist Spleen digestion; this employs the method of "Ying Duo" (attacking and supplementing). Intermittently use Xingpi San (for slow convulsion), Chenxiang Binglang Wan, and Muxiang Ezhu Wan (for retained food), regulating step-by-step. For thirst, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, Qianjin Gao is self-sufficient. If Spleen Qi harmonizes slightly and diet gradually increases, continuously use Huapi Wan (for accumulations) and Kuaife Wan. Alternatively, use Wuxi Wan to induce mild bowel movements two or three times, then stop attacking and use Yunqi San (for hernia) to tonify. For alternating chills and fever, Chaihu Yin (for Gan heat) is indicated. For abdominal distension, Nanxing Fupi San (for edema) is administered. For residual heat, decoct malt and willow branches, mix with Sansan Jie San (for tidal fever). For parasites, administer Shijunzi Wan (for abdominal pain). This disease does not arise overnight; treatment must gradually restore balance. Seeking rapid efficacy is difficult. Avoid chicken, alcohol, mutton, noodles, fish, sweet, cold, raw, and toxic foods.
Translation: Zhuang differentiates Gan Distension and Dingxi: If the infant presents with abdominal distension and visible subcutaneous veins, it is termed Gan Distension. If subcutaneous veins are absent, it is termed Dingxi. This etiology stems from overeating causing food injury. Zeng states: Dingxi is a syndrome resulting from chronic accumulation evolving into Gan, caused by dietary excess injuring the Spleen and Stomach. Spleen-Stomach deficiency leads to failure in transforming food, resulting in decreased intake, inability to generate blood and qi, a pale and sallow complexion, tidal fever, abdominal distension with prominent veins, cylindrical limbs, open fontanelles, a thin neck, and yellowish emaciation. Initial treatment involves administering Wanying Wan (broad-spectrum for five types of Gan syndromes), followed by Shenling Baizhu San (for anorexia/refusal to feed) taken once in the morning to nourish Stomach Qi, along with Tihu San to stimulate appetite. Postprandially, administer Wuxi Wan (targeting accumulations) 3–5 pills to aid Spleen digestion; this approach utilizes the "Ying Duo" method (coordinated attack and supplementation). Intermittently employ Xingpi San (for slow convulsions), Chenxiang Binglang Wan, and Muxiang Ezhu Wan (for retained food), adjusting sequentially. For symptoms of thirst, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, Qianjin Gao is effective. Once Spleen Qi begins to harmonize and dietary intake gradually improves, maintain administration of Huapi Wan (for accumulations) and Kuaife Wan. Alternatively, use Wuxi Wan to induce mild evacuation two or three times, then cease purgation and use Yunqi San (for hernia-like symptoms) for tonification. For alternating chills and fever, Chaihu Yin (for Gan heat) is primary. For abdominal distension, prescribe Nanxing Fupi San (for edema). For lingering heat, decoct Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) and Liu Zhi (Salix Twig) broth, mixed with Sansan Jie San (for tidal fever). For parasitic infection, administer Shijunzi Wan (for abdominal pain). This pathology develops over time; therapeutic intervention must proceed gradually to restore equilibrium. Pursuing rapid cure is unfeasible. Dietary restrictions include avoiding chicken, alcohol, mutton, wheat products, fish, sweets, cold/raw items, and toxic substances.

Quanshan Dan: Treats Dingxi and Bulu with miraculous efficacy.
Translation: Quanshan Dan: Indicated for Dingxi and Bulu syndromes, demonstrating remarkable efficacy.

Areca Nut (Binglang), Immature Bitter Orange (Zhike) (bran-fried), Green Tangerina Peel (Qingpi), Aged Tangerina Peel (Chenpi), Burreed Tuber (Sanleng) (fried), Curcuma Tuber (Pengzhu) (fried), Amomum Fruit (Sharen) (each half liang), Clove (Dingxiang), Costus Root (Muxiang) (each 1 fen), Cyperus Rhizome (Xiangfu) (1 liang).
Translation: Ingredients: Binglang (Fructus Arecae), Zhike (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) (bran-fried), Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Sanleng (Rhizoma Sparganii) (fried), Pengzhu (Rhizoma Curcumae) (fried), Sharen (Fructus Amomi) (each half liang), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) (each 1 fen), Xiangfu (Rhizoma Cyperi) (1 liang).

Grind into powder, bind with Medicated Leaven paste into pills the size of millet seeds. Take 100 pills on an empty stomach before meals with rice drink. Another formula removes Xiangfu, Sharen, Dingxiang, Sanleng, Zhike, and adds Wulingzhi, Baiko, Shijunzi, Lu Hui, Xia Ma, and Chuanxiong.
Translation: Grind into powder and bind with Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) paste to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 100 pills on an empty stomach prior to meals with rice gruel. An alternative formula excludes Xiangfu, Sharen, Dingxiang, Sanleng, and Zhike, adding Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung), Baiko (Fructus Cardamomi Albus), Shijunzi (Fructus Quisqualis), Lu Hui (Aloe), Xia Ma (Bufo Skin), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong).

Tihu San: Harmonizes Spleen and Stomach after vomiting and diarrhea, promotes appetite, and treats deficiency heat, irritability, and thirst in Dingxi and Bulu, along with rebellious Qi and cardiac nausea.
Translation: Tihu San: Harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach following vomiting and diarrhea, stimulates appetite, and treats deficiency heat, irritability, and thirst associated with Dingxi and Bulu syndromes, as well as rebellious Qi and cardiac nausea.

Aged Tangerina Peel (Chenpi) (remove white pith), Amomum Fruit (Suasharen), Magnolia Bark (Houpo) (remove rough bark, chop, soak in ginger juice overnight, dry slowly), Malt (Maiya) (wash, dry), Smoked Plum (Wumei) (with pit. Each 5 qian), Galangal (Liangjiang) (chop, stir-fry with eastern wall soil), Kudzu Root (Gegen), Lindera Root (Wuyao) (each 2.5 qian), Tsaoko Cardamom Seed (Caoguoren) (processed, 2 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (honey-roasted, 3 qian).
Translation: Ingredients: Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (white pith removed), Suasharen (Fructus Amomi), Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis) (rough bark removed, chopped, soaked in ginger juice overnight, dried over low heat), Maiya (Fructus Hordei Germinatus) (washed, dried), Wumei (Fructus Mume) (with seed. Each 5 qian), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum) (chopped, stir-fried with soil from the east-facing wall), Gegen (Radix Puerariae), Wuyao (Radix Linderae) (each 2.5 qian), Caoguoren (Semen Cardamomi) (processed, 2 qian), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (honey-pounded/roasted, 3 qian).

Chop coarsely. Each dose 2 qian, add one cup of water, two slices of ginger, one jujube, and a pinch of salt. Decoct to 70%. Take warm on an empty stomach.
Translation: Coarsely chop the ingredients. For each dose, use 2 qian of herbs, add one cup of water, two slices of fresh ginger, one jujube, and a small amount of salt. Decoct until approximately 70% of the liquid remains. Administer warm on an empty stomach.

Kuaife Wan: Treats Dingxi Gan syndrome, emaciated skin, exposed bones like firewood, large abdomen with blue veins, turbid white urine, restlessness during sleep, lethargy. Continuous use strengthens Spleen, resolves accumulations, promotes appetite, and builds muscle.
Translation: Kuaife Wan: Indicated for Dingxi Gan syndrome characterized by emaciated skin, exposed skeletal prominences resembling firewood, abdominal distension with visible veins, turbid white urine, sleep restlessness, and mental lethargy. Regular administration strengthens the Spleen, resolves accumulations, enhances appetite, and promotes muscle mass.

Steamed Wheat Cake (Zhengbing) (1 liang, remove top, hollow out, insert half qian of Alum [Qingfan], stuff tightly with cake crumbs, seal with wet paper, roast thoroughly in ash fire, cool before use).
Translation: Ingredient: Zhengbing (Steamed Wheat Dough/Cake) (1 liang; remove the top, hollow out the center, insert half qian of Qingfan [Alumen]), stuff tightly with crumbled cake pieces, seal the opening with wet paper, and roast thoroughly in hot ashes. Allow to cool before use.

Crush and roast the above into powder. Separately, soak large jujubes in rice wash water overnight, steam briefly, peel and pit, pound in a mortar into a paste. Mix with the cake powder, knead evenly, form pills the size of hemp seeds. Each dose 30–50 pills, taken anytime with warm clear rice soup. Infants may have pills dissolved in rice soup. Quantity of cake is flexible, generally 1 liang cake to half qian alum. Standard batch is half jin. Do not mistake this simple prescription for ineffectiveness; I have tested it repeatedly with success. The cake should resemble southern steamed buns.
Translation: Crush and roast the prepared material into powder. Separately, soak large jujubes in rice washing water overnight, steam briefly, remove skin and pits, and pound in a mortar until smooth and pasty. Mix this paste with the cake powder, knead thoroughly to uniformity, and form pills the size of hemp seeds. Administer 30–50 pills at any time with warm, clear rice gruel. For infants, dissolve the pills in rice gruel. The quantity of Zhengbing is flexible, typically standardized at 1 liang of cake per half qian of alum. A standard batch weighs half a jin. Practitioners should not dismiss this formula due to its seemingly simple ingredients; repeated clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy. The appropriate Zhengbing resembles southern-style steamed buns.

*Taiping Shenghui Fang* Chishao Yao Wan: Treats infantile Dingxi, where food intake does not generate muscle, abdominal distension, and indigestion.
Translation: *Taiping Shenghui Fang* Chishao Yao Wan: Indicated for infantile Dingxi syndrome characterized by failure to gain muscle mass despite food intake, abdominal distension, and indigestion.

Red Peony Root (Chishaoyao), Sichuan Rhubarb (Chuan Dahuang) (lightly fried), Softshell Turtle Shell (Biejia) (coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, remove skirt. Each 3 fen), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin), Red Poria (Chifuling), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (remove crown).
Translation: Ingredients: Chishaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Chuan Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (lightly fried), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (coated with vinegar, roasted until yellow, skirt removed. Each 3 fen), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Chifuling (Poria cum Ramo Ligni), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) (crown removed).

Crush the above herbs, sieve into powder, bind with refined honey into pills the size of sesame seeds. Each dose, take 5 pills with honey water decoction, three times daily.
Translation: Crush the aforementioned herbs, sieve into a fine powder, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. For each dose, administer 5 pills with a decoction of honey water, three times daily.

*Yingru* Shaoyao Wan: Treats hundred diseases in infants, including chills and fever, large abdomen, indigestion, failure to build muscle, flaccidity, and numbness.
Translation: *Yingru* Shaoyao Wan: Indicated for various pediatric conditions including alternating chills and fever, abdominal distension, indigestion, failure to build muscle mass, flaccidity, and numbness.

Peony Root (Shaoyao), Poria (Fuling), Rhubarb (Dahuang) (each 5 fen), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) (4 fen), Softshell Turtle Shell (Biejia) (3 fen, roasted), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin) (2 fen), Ginseng Root (Renshen) (1 fen, another version 2 fen).
Translation: Ingredients: Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba/Lactiflorae), Fuling (Poria), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (each 5 fen), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) (4 fen), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (3 fen, roasted), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi) (2 fen), Renshen (Radix Ginseng) (1 fen; an alternative version uses 2 fen).

Grind into powder, bind with honey into pills. Children under three take 3 pills the size of small beans, increase if ineffective. Children aged seven to eight take 3 pills the size of tung tree seeds, increase if ineffective. For hard, large abdomen, add 1 fen Biejia. For thirst, add 2 fen Gua Lou. Severe cases show improvement after 20 days of administration; clinically proven highly effective.
Translation: Grind into powder and bind with honey to form pills. For children under three years, administer 3 pills the size of small beans; increase dosage if ineffective. For children aged seven to eight, administer 3 pills the size of tung seeds; increase dosage if ineffective. In cases of hard, distended abdomen, add 1 fen of Biejia. In cases of thirst, add 2 fen of Gualou (Fructus Trichosanthis). Severe cases demonstrate improvement after 20 days of continuous administration; this has been clinically verified as highly effective.

Another formula contains 2 liang Apricot Kernel (Xingren) and 3 fen Ginseng (Renshen).
Translation: An alternative formulation includes 2 liang of Xingren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum) and 3 fen of Renshen (Radix Ginseng).

Zhang Huan's Damochexiang Dan: Treats infantile emaciation, abdominal distension with visible veins, and Dingxi syndrome.
Translation: Zhang Huan's Damochexiang Dan: Indicated for infantile emaciation, abdominal distension with visible subcutaneous veins, and Dingxi syndrome.

Musk (Shexiang) (ground), Cinnabar (Zhusha) (fine ground, water-floating), Frost Powder (Fenshuang) (ground. Each half liang), Trogopteri Dung (Wulingzhi), Nutmeg Seed (Roudoukou), Dried Toad (Ganchan) (coated with butter, roasted. Each 1 liang), Night Flying Sand (Yemingsha), Alum Ash (Baifanhui) (each half liang), Dried Earthworm (Dilong) (fried, 1 fen), Dried Dung Beetle (Dianlang) (seven, remove wings, roast until yellow and cooked).
Translation: Ingredients: Shexiang (Moschus), Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Fenshuang (Sublimated Arsenic Trioxide) (ground. Each half liang), Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung), Roudoukou (Nucis Arecae Catalpae Semen), Ganchan (Bufonis Cutis) (coated with butter, roasted. Each 1 liang), Yemingsha (Stercus Phodopi), Baifanhui (Aluminis Sulphas Calcinatum) (each half liang), Dilong (Pheretima) (fried, 1 fen), Dianlang (Scarabaeus) (seven specimens, wings removed, roasted until yellow and fully cooked).

Crush and sieve the above into powder, mix uniformly with Zhusha, bind with refined honey into pills the size of millet seeds. Each dose 3–5 pills, taken with warm water, adjust dosage based on child's size.
Translation: Crush and sieve the aforementioned ingredients into a fine powder, mix uniformly with Zhusha (Cinnabar), and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 3–5 pills per dose with warm water, adjusting the quantity according to the child's age and size.

Chu Yushi treated infantile spider-like abdomen with emaciated limbs. Use a black-bone hen egg, break the top, insert one spider inside, seal the hole with wet paper, roast gently over medium-low heat until cooked, remove the spider, and have the child eat the egg. Repeatedly effective; several eggs are required for cure.
Translation: Chu Yushi treated a case of infantile abdominal distension resembling a spider with emaciated limbs. The method involves using a black-boned hen egg, breaking the apex, inserting one live spider inside, sealing the opening with wet paper, and roasting gently over moderate heat until cooked. Remove the spider and have the child consume the egg. This method has proven effective repeatedly; multiple eggs may be required for complete resolution.

*Zhouhou Fang*: Pound fresh Scallion Root (Xiegen), fry in lard, take small amounts. Or roast rat meat thoroughly and feed. Also treats Bulu.
Translation: *Zhouhou Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions for Keepers Up Sleeve): Pound fresh Xiegen (Radix Allii Macrostemonis), fry in pork lard, and administer in small quantities. Alternatively, thoroughly roast rat meat and feed to the child. This method also treats Bulu syndrome.