热有作止、每日应时而发，谓之潮热，如潮信之不失其期也。钱氏云∶假如潮
热，是一脏实一脏虚而内发虚热也，法当补母而泻本脏则愈。且如日中发潮热者，
是心虚也，肝为心之母，则宜先补肝，肝实而后泻心，心得母气则内平，以潮
热愈也。医见潮热，妄谓其实，乃以大黄、朴硝、辈诸冷药利之，利既多矣，不能
禁约，而津液内竭，纵取一时之瘥，鲜有不成疳病而身瘦也。〔薛〕潮热有风寒、
疳积、食癖、之分，阴阳、虚实、五脏、之异，如汗出身热，呵欠面赤者，风热也。
伤寒时疫，阴阳相胜，外感热也。肌瘦口干，骨蒸盗汗，疳热也。大小便秘涩，汗
下不解，积热也。腹背先热，夜发旦止，食热也。涎嗽饮水，乳食不消，癖热也。
又有烦热者，气粗喘促，心躁不安，颊赤口疮，兼发痫证。疮疹热者，耳鼻尖冷。
血热者，巳午间发，至夜则凉。虚热者，困倦少力，发于病后。阳邪干心，则来去
不定。阴阳相胜，则寒热如疟。前证在小儿，有因乳母或妊娠七情浓味遗热，或饮
食停积，衣衾过暖，及频浴热汤而为患，若寅卯辰时热而力盛饮水者，肝经实热也，
用柴胡清肝散。热而力怯饮汤者，肝经虚热也，用六味地黄丸。巳午时热，心经也，
实，用导赤散；虚，用秘旨安神丸。申酉戌时热，肺经也，实，用泻白散；虚，用
秘旨保脾汤。亥子丑时热，肾经也，用地黄丸。大凡壮热饮水，大便秘结，属实热，
用二黄犀角散下之。热渴饮汤，大便如常，属血虚，用四物汤补之。若下后阴虚，
阳无所附而仍热，用四物参 。汗后阳虚，阴无所生而仍热，用四君芎归。若汗下
后烦渴面赤，血虚发躁也，当归补血汤；若见惊搐等证，肝血虚而内生风也，用四
物、天麻、钓藤钩。颊赤口干，小便赤涩，大便焦黄，表里俱实热也，用清凉饮子。
如大便已利或热未止，表邪未解也，惺惺散，未应，加麻黄微汗之；既汗而仍热，
此表里俱虚，气不归源，阳浮于外而虚热也，六神散加粳米。阳气下陷于阴中而发
热者，用补中益气汤。若乳下婴儿，当兼治其母。曾氏，先用百解散发表，次以当
归散及三解散治之，脉实者以大柴胡汤下之，虚浮数者百解散微汗之，若发热而呕
者小柴胡汤和解之。
〔钱〕地骨皮散 治虚热潮作，亦治伤寒壮热及余热。
知母 甘草（炙） 半夏（洗七次） 银柴胡（去芦） 人参 地骨皮 赤茯苓（各等分）
如有惊热，加蝉蜕、天麻、黄芩。若加秦艽，名秦艽饮子。
上为细末。每服二钱，生姜三片，水煎，食后，温服。量大小加减。（海藏云∶地骨
皮散、即小柴胡汤加减法，自汗者、地骨皮散，无汗者柴胡汤、三黄汤，仲景所用，钱氏改诸丸散，
加减并出古法。）
生犀散（见心部）
〔田〕犀角散 治小儿骨蒸肌瘦，颊赤口干，晚潮热，夜有盗汗，五心烦躁，四肢
困倦，饮食虽多，不生肌肉。
犀角末 地骨皮 麦门冬 枳壳（麸炒） 大黄（蒸） 柴胡 茯苓 赤芍药 黄 桑
白皮 人参 鳖甲（醋涂炙。各等分）
上为粗末。每二钱，入青蒿少许，水煎。量儿大小加减。一钟煎八分，食后，
温服。
〔丹〕小儿潮热盗汗。胡黄连、柴胡等为细末，炼蜜、丸芡实大。每二丸，酒化开，入
少水，煎小沸、服。
〔钱〕秦艽散 治潮热，减食，蒸瘦。
秦艽（去头，切焙） 甘草（炙。各一两） 薄荷叶（切、焙，半两）
上为粗末。每服二钱，水一钟，煎八分，食后，温服。
〔洁〕潮热有时，胸满短气者，桃枝丸。（见积热。）
人参芎归散 治小儿虚劳，内热潮热，或遍身疮。
北参 当归 远志（浸，取肉姜制，焙） 北前胡 柴胡 地骨皮 防风 北桔梗 枳
壳（制） 半夏曲（各一钱半） 川芎 赤芍药 茯苓 麦门冬（去心。各二钱） 甘草（三钱，焙）
上锉细。每服二钱，水小盏，姜三片，紫苏叶三四叶。发疮者、兼服猪肚黄连
丸，方见疳门，别作小丸，不惟治疮治渴，其发热而胀者，可与服二十丸。
十味人参散 治潮热身体倦怠。
柴胡 甘草 人参 茯苓 半夏 白术 黄芩 当归 芍药 葛根
上 咀。水一钟，姜三片，煎服。
薛方
柴胡清肝散（见肝热） 六味地黄丸（见肾） 导赤散（见心部） 秘旨安神丸（见心部）
泻白散（见肺部） 秘旨保脾汤（见脾部） 二黄犀角散（见温壮） 四物汤（见失血） 当归
补血汤（见虚热） 六神散（见夜啼）
〔曾氏方〕
百解散 主和解百病。虚慢阴证不宜。
干葛（二两半） 升麻 赤芍药（各二两） 黄芩（一两） 麻黄（制，七钱半） 薄桂（去
粗皮，二钱半） 甘草（一两半）
上碎。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，葱一根，煎七分，无时温服。有风热盛，
加薄荷同煎。
当归散 顺调气血，和解表里，爽利心腹，疏理百病，及治温热停积自痢，烦躁
不宁。
当归（去芦，酒洗） 赤芍药（各二两） 甘草（半生半炙，一两） 大黄（半生半泡，一两二钱） 川
芎麻黄（制。各半两）
上碎。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，煎七分，无时温服。
三解散（一名宁心汤） 主上焦蕴热，伤风面红，目赤狂躁，气急渴水，惊啼烦闷，丹
毒口疮，痰嗽搐掣。
人参 防风（各去芦） 天麻 茯神（去皮木根） 郁金（如无，山栀仁代） 白附子 大黄
（各二钱半） 赤芍药 黄芩 僵蚕（各五钱） 全蝎（十五尾，去尖毒） 枳壳（二钱，如前制）
粉草（六钱）
上碎，焙，为末。每服半钱至一钱，用温薄荷汤，无时调下。或灯心汤。
大柴胡汤 解利风热痰嗽，腹胀，及里证未解。
柴胡（去芦四两） 黄芩 芍药（各一两半） 大黄 半夏（如前制。各七钱半） 枳实（如前制，七钱）
甘草（一两小方故加用）
上碎。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，煎七分，无时温服。
小柴胡汤（半表半里热）
Heat that has periods of onset and cessation, occurring regularly according to the time of day, is called tidal fever (Chao Re), just as the tide rises and falls without missing its schedule. Qian Yi stated: If tidal fever occurs, it is due to one organ being excess and another being deficient, leading to the internal generation of deficiency heat. The treatment principle should be to tonify the mother organ and drain the affected organ, after which the disease will heal. For example, if tidal fever occurs at midday, it indicates heart Qi deficiency. Since the liver is the mother of the heart, one should first tonify the liver; after the liver becomes sufficient, then drain the heart. Once the heart receives the nourishment from its mother, the interior will become balanced, and the tidal fever will resolve. Physicians seeing tidal fever may wrongly assume it is excess heat and use cold purgatives such as Radix Rheae Palmatae (Dahuang) and Natrii Sulfas (Puxiao) to purge. If purged excessively, causing the depletion of body fluids internally, even if temporary relief is achieved, it rarely fails to develop into malnutrition syndrome (Gan Bing) with emaciation. [Xue Ji] Tidal fever can be caused by wind-cold, malnutrition syndrome (Gan Ji), or food stagnation (Shi Pi), and differs in terms of Yin/Yang, excess/deficiency, and the five zang organs. For instance, sweating followed by fever, yawning, and reddish face indicates wind-heat. Typhoid and epidemic diseases, where Yin and Yang contend with each other, indicate external heat. Emaciated muscles, dry mouth, bone-steaming night sweats indicate malnutrition heat (Gan Re). Constipation and difficult urination, where fever persists despite sweating and purging, indicates accumulation heat (Ji Re). Heat starting in the abdomen and back, occurring at night and stopping in the morning, indicates food heat (Shi Re). Salivation, coughing, drinking water, and indigestion of milk and food indicate stasis heat (Pi Re). There is also vexatious heat, characterized by coarse breathing, panting, mental restlessness, red cheeks, oral ulcers, accompanied by epilepsy. In rash-related fever, the ears and nose tip are cold. In blood heat, fever occurs between 9 AM and 1 PM (Si-Wu hours) and cools down at night. In deficiency heat, there is fatigue and lack of strength, occurring after illness. When Yang pathogens disturb the Heart, fever comes and goes irregularly. When Yin and Yang contend, chills and fever alternate like malaria. In children, these conditions may arise from the wet nurse or pregnant woman retaining heat due to strong emotions or rich diet, or from food stagnation, excessive clothing/warmth, or frequent bathing in hot water. If fever occurs during Yin-Mao-Chen hours (3 AM–9 AM) with vigorous strength and thirst for water, it is Liver Meridian Excess Heat, treated with Chaihu Qinggan San. If fever occurs with weak strength and desire for warm drinks, it is Liver Meridian Deficiency Heat, treated with Liuwei Dihuang Wan. Fever during Si-Wu hours (9 AM–1 PM) relates to the Heart Meridian; excess is treated with Daochi San, deficiency with Mizhi Anshen Wan. Fever during Shen-You-Xu hours (3 PM–9 PM) relates to the Lung Meridian; excess is treated with Xiebai San, deficiency with Mizhi Baopi Tang. Fever during Hai-Zi-Chou hours (9 PM–3 AM) relates to the Kidney Meridian, treated with Dihuang Wan. Generally, high fever with thirst and constipation indicates Excess Heat, treated with Erhuang Xijiao San to purge. Fever with thirst for warm drinks and normal stool indicates Blood Deficiency, treated with Siwu Tang to tonify. If Yin deficiency follows purging, with Yang having no attachment and fever persisting, use Siwu Tang plus Renshen and Huangqi. If Yang deficiency follows sweating, with Yin having no source and fever persisting, use Sijunzi Tang plus Chuanxiong and Danggui. If vexation, thirst, and red face occur after sweating and purging, indicating Blood Deficiency with agitation, use Danggui Buxue Tang. If convulsions and tremors appear, indicating Liver Blood Deficiency generating internal wind, use Siwu Tang plus Tianma and Gouteng. Red cheeks, dry mouth, red and scanty urine, and dark yellow stool indicate Exterior and Interior Excess Heat, treated with Qingliang Yinzi. If stool has been purged but fever persists, indicating unresolved exterior pathogen, use Xngxing San; if ineffective, add Mahuang for mild sweating. If fever persists after sweating, this indicates both Exterior and Interior Deficiency, Qi failing to return to its source, with Yang floating externally causing deficiency heat, treated with Liushen San plus Jingmi. If fever arises from Yang Qi sinking into Yin, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang. For nursing infants, the mother should also be treated. Zeng Shirong advocated using Baijie San first to release the exterior, then Danggui San and Sandisolve San. If the pulse is excess, use Daxiehu Tang to purge; if the pulse is deficient, floating, and rapid, use Baijie San for mild sweating; if fever is accompanied by vomiting, use Xiaoxiehu Tang to harmonize.
[Qian Yi] Digupi San treats deficiency-type tidal fever, as well as severe heat from typhoid and residual heat.
Zhimu, Gancao (roasted), Banxia (washed seven times), Yinchaihu (remove rhizome), Renshen, Digupi, Chifuling (equal parts).
If there is fright heat, add Chantui, Tianma, Huangqin. If Qinjiao is added, it is named Qinjiao Yinzi.
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with 3 slices of Shengjiang, decoct in water, take warm after meals. Adjust dosage based on age. (Zhang Yuansu said: Digupi San is a modification of Xiaoxiehu Tang. For spontaneous sweating, use Digupi San; for no sweating, use Chaihu Tang or Sanhuang Tang, methods used by Zhang Zhongjing. Qian Yi changed them to pills and powders, with modifications following ancient methods.)
Shengxi San (See Heart Section)
[Tian Shi] Xijiao San treats pediatric bone-steaming and emaciation, red cheeks and dry mouth, evening tidal fever, night sweats, five-palm vexation, limb fatigue, excessive eating without muscle gain.
Xijiao powder, Digupi, Maimendong, Zhike (bran-fried), Dahuang (steamed), Chaihu, Fuling, Chi Shaoyao, Huangqin, Sangbaipi, Renshen, Biejia (vinegar-coated and roasted). Equal parts.
Grind into coarse powder. Take 2 qian per dose, add a little Qinghao, decoct in water. Adjust based on age. Decoct one zhong to eight fen, take warm after meals.
[Danxi] Pediatric tidal fever and night sweats. Grind Huhuanglian and Chaihu into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of Euryale Seed (Qianshi). Take two pills per dose, dissolve in wine, add a little water, boil until simmering, and take.
[Qian Yi] Qinjiao San treats tidal fever, reduced appetite, steaming emaciation.
Qinjiao (remove head, cut and roast), Gancao (roasted, 1 liang each), Boheye (cut and roast, 0.5 liang).
Grind into coarse powder. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct one zhong of water to eight fen, take warm after meals.
[Li Dongyuan] Tidal fever at specific times with chest fullness and shortness of breath: Taozhi Wan. (See Accumulation Heat section.)
Renshen Xiongguisan treats pediatric consumptive disease, internal tidal fever, or sores all over the body.
Beishen, Danggui, Yuanzhi (soaked, meat taken, ginger-processed, roasted), Beiqianhu, Chaihu, Digupi, Fangfeng, Beijiegeng, Zhike (processed), Banxiaqu (each 1.5 qian), Chuanxiong, Chi Shaoyao, Fuling, Maimendong (remove heart, each 2 qian), Gancao (3 qian, roasted).
Cut finely. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct in a small cup of water with 3 slices of Shengjiang and 3-4 leaves of Zisu Ye. For sores, concurrently take Zhudu Huanglian Wan (see Malnutrition section, made into small pills). It treats sores and thirst; for fever with distension, take 20 pills.
Shiwei Renshen San treats tidal fever with body fatigue.
Chaihu, Gancao, Renshen, Fuling, Banxia, Baizhu, Huangqin, Danggui, Shaoyao, Gegen.
Cut into pieces. Decoct one zhong of water with 3 slices of Shengjiang, and take.
Xue Ji's Formulas
Chaihu Qinggan San (See Liver Heat section), Liuwei Dihuang Wan (See Kidney section), Daochi San (See Heart section), Mizhi Anshen Wan (See Heart section), Xiebai San (See Lung section), Mizhi Baopi Tang (See Spleen section), Erhuang Xijiao San (See Warm Severe Heat section), Siwu Tang (See Blood Loss section), Danggui Buxue Tang (See Deficiency Heat section), Liushen San (See Night Crying section).
[Zeng Shi's Formulas]
Baijie San primarily harmonizes various diseases. Not suitable for deficiency-cold Yin syndromes.
Gegen (2.5 liang), Shengma, Chi Shaoyao (each 2 liang), Huangqin (1 liang), Mahuang (processed, 0.75 liang), Bao Gui (remove rough bark, 0.25 liang), Gancao (1.5 liang).
Cut into pieces. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct one cup of water with 2 slices of Shengjiang and one scallion root to seven parts, take warm at any time. If wind-heat is severe, add Bohe and decoct together.
Danggui San regulates Qi and Blood, harmonizes Exterior and Interior, soothes Heart and Abdomen, resolves various diseases, and treats dysentery from stagnant warm-heat, with restlessness.
Danggui (remove rhizome, wash with wine), Chi Shaoyao (each 2 liang), Gancao (half raw, half roasted, 1 liang), Dahuang (half raw, half soaked, 1.2 liang), Chuanxiong, Mahuang (processed, each 0.5 liang).
Cut into pieces. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct one cup of water with 2 slices of Shengjiang to seven parts, take warm at any time.
Sandisolve San (also known as Ningxin Tang) primarily treats upper Jiao heat accumulation, wind-strike with red face, red eyes, mania, urgent breathing, thirst, fright crying, vexation, erysipelas, oral ulcers, phlegm-cough, and convulsions.
Renshen, Fangfeng (remove rhizome, each unknown weight implied equal), Tianma, Fushen (remove wood/root), Yujin (if unavailable, use Zhizi Ren), Baifu Zi, Dahuang (each 2.5 qian), Chi Shaoyao, Huangqin, Jiangcan (each 5 qian), Quanxie (15 tails, remove toxic tip), Zhike (2 qian, processed as before), Fugan (6 qian).
Cut into pieces, roast, and grind into powder. Take 0.5 to 1 qian per dose, mix with warm Bohe Tang or Dengxin Tang, take at any time.
Daxiehu Tang releases wind-heat and phlegm-cough, abdominal distension, and unresolved interior syndromes.
Chaihu (remove rhizome, 4 liang), Huangqin, Shaoyao (each 1.5 liang), Dahuang, Banxia (processed as before, each 0.75 liang), Zhishi (processed as before, 0.7 liang), Gancao (1 liang, added in smaller formulas).
Cut into pieces. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct one cup of water with 2 slices of Shengjiang to seven parts, take warm at any time.
Xiaoxiehu Tang (Half-Exterior Half-Interior Heat)