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The *Classic of Difficult Issues* (Jing Yun) states: The south wind arises in summer, disease affects the Heart, and the Shu points are located in the chest and hypochondrium. It also states: In midsummer, diseases of the chest and hypochondrium are prevalent. Thus, pain in the chest extending to the hypochondrium belongs to the Heart. When Liver Qi is deficient, chest pain radiates to the back and hypochondrium; when Liver Qi is excess, chest pain prevents turning the body, accompanied by a desire for sighing; in Gan Zhuo (Liver Stagnation), the patient often desires to tread upon or press the chest. The *Classic* states: The spring pulse is like a bowstring; if the Qi is not solid but slightly weak, this is called "not reaching" (Bu Ji), causing chest pain radiating to the back, and fullness/distension in the lower two hypochondria. This illustrates how Liver deficiency manifests with such pulses and symptoms in spring. The Bu Gan Tang (Supplement the Liver Decoction) is appropriate. The *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) states: Those with Cold in the Liver cannot raise both arms, have a dry tongue root, desire sighing, experience chest pain preventing turning, and vomit with sweating after eating. For Gan Zhuo (Liver Stagnation), the patient constantly desires to tread on the chest; before severe suffering begins, they only desire hot drinks, treated primarily with Xuan Fu Hua Tang (Inula Flower Decoction). The *Su Wen* (Basic Questions) says: What Yangming refers to as chest pain and shortness of breath is due to Water Qi residing in the Zang-Fu. Water is Yin Qi; with Yin Qi in the interior, there is thus chest pain and scanty Qi. For mild cases, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is used; for severe cases, the method of Zhang Hezi (attacking/draining water) is employed. The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: If the Cun Kou pulse is deep, with chest pain radiating to the hypochondrium, indicating Water Qi in the chest, Ze Qi Tang (Phytolacca Root Decoction) is suitable, along with needling Ju Que (CV14) to drain. (Phlegm Syndrome) Du Ren treated chest and hypochondrium pain radiating to the back, epigastric and abdominal fullness/stuffiness, and blocked Qi, as well as phlegm-cough, using large Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit), removing the pulp, taking the seeds, stir-frying them until cooked, grinding them with the skin mixed together, forming pills with wheat paste, sized like wutong seeds. Take 50 pills with rice drink. The *Dou Men Fang* treats chest and diaphragm congestion, resolving phlegm and opening the stomach, using Ban Xia (Pinellia Rhizome) washed and dried, pounded and sieved into powder, mixed with fresh ginger juice to form cakes, wrapped in wet paper, and slow-roasted until fragrant and cooked. Take one cake (size of a bullet) with one cup of water and half a fen of salt, decoct to half a cup, and take warm. (Blood Stasis/Qi Stagnation) Danxi treated a person with a pulling pain at a specific point in the diaphragm, where the skin felt tight upon inhalation, using Shi Huangshi (Lead Oxide? Note: Context suggests Hua Shi or similar, but text says Shi Huangshi/Shihuangshi usually implies Lead Oxide, however in Danxi's context often refers to Hua Shi [Talcum] or similar cooling stones. Given WHO standard, I will use Talcum/Hua Shi if it's a typo for Hua Shi, but strictly translating "Shi Huangshi" as Lead Oxide is risky. However, looking at the dosage and combination with Tao Ren, it is likely Hua Shi [Talicum]. But the text says "Shi Huangshi". I will translate as Lead Oxide but note the potential textual variant, or stick to literal. Actually, "Shi Huangshi" is Lead Oxide. "Hua Shi" is Talc. The text says "Shi Huangshi". I will translate literally as Lead Oxide, though clinically suspicious. Wait, later he uses "Shi Huangshi" again. Let's look at the second formula: "Shi Huangshi 1 liang". This is very high for Lead Oxide. It is highly likely a typo for "Hua Shi" (Talc) in the source text or a specific local term. However, as a translator, I must follow the text. I will use Lead Oxide (Shi Huangshi) but acknowledge the WHO term for Talc is Talcum. Given the ambiguity, I will use the literal translation "Lead Oxide" but keep the pinyin. *Correction*: In many editions of these texts, this might be "Hua Shi". But I must translate what is given. I will use "Lead Oxide (Shi Huangshi)".) ... Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) ban liang, Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus) stir-fried 1 liang, Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) stir-fried ban liang, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) honey-fried 2 qian, ground into fine powder. Take 1.5 qian per dose, decocted with radish juice and taken cooked, 5-6 times a day. He also treated a person who, after taking hot tonic medicines and blindly practicing Tu Na (breathing exercises), suffered from chaotic Qi and hot Blood, coughing blood and emaciation, so he administered Dao Cang Fa (Stomach Purging Method). Now that the coughing blood and emaciation are resolved, due to eating fried beans, there is a point of Qi blockage pain in the diaphragm, feeling like a thread hanging down to the waist, with pain in the lower abdomen, mostly偏 (biased) to the left side. This indicates uneliminated foul blood in the Liver region. Use Shi Huangshi (Lead Oxide) 1 liang, Huang Dan (Litharge/Lead Monoxide) 3 qian, Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Frustuum) 1 qian, Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 5 qian, Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 2 qian, Hong Hua (Carthami Flos) 1 qian, Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) 5 qian, Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) 2 liang, ground into fine powder. Take 1.5 qian per dose, decocted with boiling radish juice and taken. Chest pain extending to the hypochondrium, hypochondrial distension/fullness extending to the chest, back, scapulae, and pain in the medial aspect of both arms. The *Classic* states: When the Year Fire is excessive, such syndromes occur. If the pulse is surging and rapid, cooling agents to descend fire are appropriate. Chest pain radiating to the back, fullness and pain in the two hypochondria, radiating to the lower abdomen. The text states that when Year Metal is excessive, and Year Earth is deficient, with Wind Wood acting greatly and Metal retaliating, this disease occurs. This is Metal Evil injuring the Liver, so supplements for the Liver are appropriate. Pain in the chest connecting to the Da Fu (Large Abdomen) and Xiao Fu (Small Abdomen) indicates Kidney Deficiency; first, bleed the Shao Yin (Kidney/Heart) and Tai Yang (Bladder/Small Intestine) meridians, then use Kidney-tonifying medicines. Pain in the chest connecting to the hypochondrium, Bi (thigh), and lateral knee indicates diseases generated by the Gallbladder Foot Shaoyang Wood meridian; carefully distinguish between Excess, Deficiency, Heat, Cold, and Sinking to select treatment. The sinews of the Hand Jueyin (Pericardium) manifest as support, twisting, and cramping at the sites they traverse, anteriorly involving chest pain and Xi Ben (lung accumulation); treatment involves Fan Zhen Jie Ci (burning needle emergency acupuncture), using the number of sessions until improvement, and using painful spots as acupoints. Similarly, pain from the sinews of the Foot Taiyang and Foot Shaoyang meridians all radiate to chest pain; treatment involves burning needle emergency acupuncture, using the number of sessions until improvement, and using painful spots as acupoints.