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Fox Penis: Sweet in taste, toxic. Primarily treats female infertility, pruritus vulvae, and swelling of the scrotum and testicles in children.

Five Zang Organs and Intestines: Bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature, toxic. Primarily treats chimeric poison (Gu Du) with alternating chills and fever, and pediatric convulsions and epilepsy.

Male Fox Feces: Burned to ash, it repels evil pathogens. The feces found on wood or stones are preferred.

Tao Hongjing stated: There are no foxes in the Jiangdong region; they are all produced in the north and Yizhou area. Their shape resembles a civet cat but is yellowish, and they are skilled at transforming into illusions to bewitch people. The annotation in *Tang Bencao* states: Fox meat and intestines, when prepared as soup, treat chronic tinea corporis that does not heal for a long time. The intestine treats cattle plague. Burned to ash and mixed with water, it is more effective than otter. The nose tip resembles a puppy, only the tail is large, completely unlike a civet cat.臣 Yuxi et al., according to *Yin Yang Tong Yong Yao*, record: Fox penis, slightly cold. Meng Shen said: Fox supplements deficiency; boiled or roasted and eaten. It also treats warmth syndromes, non-toxic. Supplements deficiency labor, treats malignant sores and tinea, tonifying according to the zang organs. Ash from the head and tail treats cattle plague, taken with water. Raw heart and liver treat fox bewitchment. Male fox tail burned to ash repels evil.

*Tujing* states: Foxes were not previously noted for their specific origin provinces. Tao Hongjing's annotation says: No foxes in Jiangdong, all from the north and Yizhou. Now, foxes occasionally appear in Jiangnan, especially abundant in Jing and Lu. They resemble yellow dogs, with pointed noses and large tails. In the northern regions, they are sliced raw and eaten, providing significant warmth. They dispel wind and supplement deficiency labor; the penis and five zang organs all enter medicine. Liver burned to ash treats wind diseases; nowadays, people use "Fox Liver Powder". Gallbladder treats sudden death. *Xu Chuanxin Fang* states: Collect male fox gallbladder in the twelfth lunar month. If kept in reserve, one can save lives in critical moments; otherwise, treatment would be too late. Male fox feces burned to ash repels evil. The ones found on stones among bamboo and wood, with pointed heads and hard texture, are correct. Cui Yuanliang's *Haishang Fang* treats five types of heart pain: For liver heart pain, where the complexion is pale blue like a dead person, use two sheng of wild fox feces burned to ash, three liang of turmeric, pounded and ground into powder. Take one cun bi with wine on an empty stomach, twice daily, very effective.

One type of fox, KT (pronounced tuan), resembles a dog but is shorter, with a pointed beak/snout, black feet, and brown fur. It is generally similar to badgers and raccoon dogs, with slight differences in head and feet. Guo Pu's annotation of *Erya* states: KT is another name for a badger, implying they are the same creature, yet medical texts describe morphological differences. KT meat treats deficiency labor, circulates wind qi, benefits the zang-fu organs, and kills parasites. Its fat/oil treats rebellious qi and coughing. Its adipose tissue treats corpse transmission (Shi Zhu). Its bladder treats vomiting of gu poison. Badger meat treats pediatric malnutrition and emaciation; consuming it kills roundworms. Raccoon dog meat treats deficiency and weakness of the primal organ (Yuan Zang) and female exhaustion; it is rarely used in medical texts.

*Tang Bencao* adds: Burning male fox feces removes epidemic diseases. Fox nose tips resemble dogs, are yellow and long, with only large tails, skilled at bewitchment. The male fox feces found on stones among bamboo and wood, with pointed heads and hard texture, are authentic. Dietary therapy: Meat, warm, slightly toxic. Treats sores and tinea, supplements deficiency and damage, female pruritus vulvae and infertility, and pediatric scrotal swelling. Boiled or roasted, eaten freely, it is excellent. Five zang organ pathogenic qi will resolve upon consumption. Best taken on an empty stomach. Intestines and stomach, slightly cold. For chronic sores and tinea that do not heal, eat as soup. Pediatric convulsions and adults seeing ghosts, also treated by eating as soup, very effective. The manifestations of fox bewitchment include: crossing hands and bowing when seeing people, speaking alone in quiet places, exposing nakedness to others, bowing excessively, talking too much, keeping mouth tightly closed, sitting with crossed hands, excessive etiquette, often defecating and urinating randomly. This is called fox bewitchment. If it is a horse plague, it is the same; instilling into the nostrils brings recovery. Head, burned, repels evil. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats malignant thorns. Pound fox lips, mix with salt, and apply as a seal. *Qianjin Fang*: Malignant thorns. Take fox feces ash, mix with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and apply to seal the pore. Another prescription: Treats all malignant ulcers, internal cold, and polyps. Use January fox feces, any amount, dried and powdered, take one qian bi with fresh well water before meals. *Shiyi Xinjing* treats convulsions, trance-like state, erroneous speech, uncontrollable singing and laughing, combined with cold accumulation in the five zang organs and gu poison with alternating chills and fever. One slice of fox meat and its five zang organs, prepared as dietary method, boiled in fermented soybean juice, seasoned with five flavors to make soup, or made into porridge, roasted and eaten—all are acceptable. In the capital, sheep bone juice and crucian carp replace fermented soybean juice.

*Yanyi* states: Foxes, nowadays using liver to treat wind, skin with hair used for fur coats, are indeed them. This animal is suspicious and extremely attentive to hearing; human wisdom surpasses it. Because of its suspicion and attentiveness, it is captured; captors mostly use traps.