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When Ying (Nutrient) Qi and Wei (Defensive) Qi are both deficient, blood and qi become insufficient. If water retention accumulates in the epigastrium, it causes coldness in the zang organs; when the zang organs are cold, the Spleen fails to digest food; if the Spleen cannot digest, retained grain remains undigested. The qi then rebels upward, resulting in Wei Fan (Gastric Reversal), a condition characterized by vomiting food eaten in the morning in the evening, or food eaten in the evening in the morning. Symptoms include hardness in the epigastrium, roughly the size of a cup, frequent alternating chills and fever, and in severe cases, immediate vomiting after eating. The pulse is tight and wiry: tight indicates Cold, wiry indicates Deficiency. The combination of Deficiency and Cold causes vomiting immediately after eating, named Wei Fan.

When Ying and Wei Qi are disharmonious, and Yin and Yang Qi are blocked and separated: if Yang Qi is deficient and Yin Qi is excessive, cold diseases arise. However, if Yin Qi is deficient and Yang Qi is excessive, heat arises in all five zang organs of the body. The presentation includes a sensation of heat during respiration, dry lips and mouth, and dark red urine.

The Lung governs Qi and serves as the canopy over the five zang organs. Qi primarily distributes to the skin and hair, making one susceptible to Wind pathogenic factors. When Wind invades the fu and zang organs, compounded by weak blood and qi, excessive labor, profuse sweating, or severe purgation that depletes body fluids, the Lung Qi becomes obstructed and cannot circulate Qi among the other organs, leading to Fei Wei (Lung Withering). Symptoms include coughing with expectoration of saliva and froth, accompanied by vomiting of salivary foam and frequent urination. If the patient experiences dry throat while coughing and expects to drink, recovery is likely. If the patient desires to cough but cannot, spits dry froth, and has difficult urination, the condition is difficult to treat. Palpation of the Cun Kou (radial artery) showing a rapid pulse indicates Fei Wei; in severe cases, the pulse may be floating and weak.

Dry heaving (Gan Ou) occurs due to rebellious Stomach Qi. It is termed dry heaving because there is the urge to vomit, yet nothing is expelled.

Diseases of vomiting and Yue (hiccups/belching) result from pathogenic factors affecting the Spleen and Stomach, disrupting the normal movement of Grain Qi. When the Stomach is affected by pathogens, rebellious Qi causes vomiting; when the Spleen is affected, Spleen distension and rebellious Qi occur. If this is constrained by Cold, causing Qi rebellion and obstruction, Yue results.

When both the Spleen and Stomach are deficient and invaded by Wind, newly ingested grain cannot be transformed and transported. The Qi of the grain interferes with the new grain, causing Stomach Qi to rebel. Stomach rebellion leads to Spleen distension and Qi rebellion; if constrained by Cold, Yue occurs. A deep and deficient pulse at the Guan position on the right hand indicates a tendency toward Yue.

Vomiting is caused by Spleen and Stomach deficiency and invasion by Wind pathogenic factors. If Wind is in the Stomach, vomiting occurs; if fluid retention exists between the diaphragm and chronic Cold resides in the Stomach, vomiting and regurgitation of food occur. Symptoms include frequent sighing, palpitations (Dan Dan), irritability and fullness with difficulty in defecation, or loose stools. These are the corresponding signs. Treatments involving decoctions, moxibustion/heat application, acupuncture, and stone therapy have separate specific formulas. Nourishing and Daoyin (guiding and pulling) methods are appended below.

The *Yangsheng Fang* states: Do not eat ginger in the eighth month; alternatively, avoid melons struck by frost. In winter, this may induce chills, fever, warm diseases, loss of appetite with nausea, persistent fluid retention in the heart region, or gastric reversal.

The *Yangsheng Fang · Daoyin Fa* states: Sit upright, grasp your wrists with both hands behind your back, and push backward against the mat with maximum effort, tightening the abdominal muscles. Perform this up and down seven times, switching hands for the left-right variation. This eliminates cold wind in the abdomen, accumulated stagnant Qi, cold in the stomach opening, and vomiting/regurgitation due to dietary irregularities.

It also states: Lie supine, extend both legs and arms, alternately lift the heels, inhale through the nose, and perform this maximally for seven breaths. This eliminates abdominal diseases and vomiting induced by bitter foods.

Furthermore: Sit, straighten both legs, grasp both feet with both hands, and perform this maximally twelve times. This cures inability of the intestines and stomach to accept food and vomiting/regurgitation. Cross both hands directly under the soles of the feet until pain is felt, then relax. Rest the head on the knees and perform this maximally twelve times. This cures inability of the intestines and stomach to accept food and vomiting/regurgitation.