治太阳温病，无汗而喘，大热大渴。
麻黄（四两去节） 杏仁（五十个去皮尖） 甘草（二两炙） 石膏（半斤打碎绵裹） 以
水七升，
治风湿一身尽疼，发热，日晡所剧者。
麻黄（半两去节） 杏仁（十个去皮尖） 薏苡仁（半两） 甘草（一两炙） 锉麻豆
大，每服四钱匕，水一盏半，煎八分，去滓，温服。有微汗，宜避风。（此方分两甚轻，疑
类唐人校订《金匮》，加减仲景之方，非原方也。不然，汉时四钱匕，以今秤计之，只得八
九分，而欲以治发热身疼之证，有杯水车薪之诮矣。）
麻杏甘草石膏汤，泄肺存阴定热喘。（麻黄汤，治寒喘也；此去桂枝而重用石膏，治热
喘也。）无汗汗出休拘泥，（按∶《伤寒论》原文本作“汗出而喘，无大热者”，柯韵伯《伤寒
来苏集》改作“无汗而喘，大热者”，颇属理正辞明。盖汗出何可更用麻黄，无大热何可更
用
热
以
麻
多从实证看。（此要诀也。不独喘病，百病皆然。）虽未明言治温病，此汤清散颇相安。（太
阳病发热而渴，不恶寒者为温病。仲景虽未出方治，而此汤清散，正是治温之法也。）除去
石膏加薏苡，（名麻黄杏仁薏苡甘草汤）发热身疼风湿搏。此与麻黄加术法，大同小异别风
寒。（麻黄加术汤治寒湿，麻黄杏仁薏苡甘草汤治风湿。）
Treats Taiyang Warm Disease (Taiyang Wenbing, a warm disease pattern affecting the Taiyang channel), presenting with anhidrosis (absence of sweating) and wheezing, accompanied by high fever and intense thirst.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (4 liang, remove nodes) Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) (50 seeds, remove skin and tips) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 liang, honey-fried) Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) (0.5 jin, crushed and wrapped in cotton cloth) Use 7 sheng of water to decoct.
Treats Wind-Dampness (Fengshi, 风湿) causing pain throughout the body, fever, which worsens during the Shen hour (日晡所, approximately 3-5 PM).
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (0.5 liang, remove nodes) Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) (10 seeds, remove skin and tips) Coicis Semen (Yiyiren, 薏苡仁) (0.5 liang) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (1 liang, honey-fried) Cut into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Take 4 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, decoct until reduced to 0.8 sheng, strain, and take warm. If slight sweating occurs, avoid wind. (The dosages in this formula are very light; it is suspected to be similar to Tang dynasty revisions of the *Jin Gui Yao Lue*, representing modified formulas from Zhang Zhongjing's original prescriptions rather than the originals themselves. Otherwise, four qianbi in Han dynasty measurements would amount to only eight or nine fen by modern standards, which would be like a cup of water on a cartload of firewood—insufficient—to treat conditions of fever and body pain.)
Ma Xing Gan Shi Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Apricot Seed, Licorice, and Gypsum Decoction) clears Lung heat, preserves Yin, and calms wheezing caused by heat. (Ma Huang Tang treats cold-induced wheezing; this formula removes Cinnamon Twig and heavily uses Gypsum to treat heat-induced wheezing.) Whether there is anhidrosis or sweating, do not be rigidly bound by these symptoms. (Note: The original text of *Shang Han Lun* states "sweating and wheezing with no significant heat," but Ke Yunbo in *Shang Han Lai Su Ji* revised it to "anhidrosis and wheezing with high heat," which is logically sound and clearly expressed. For if there is sweating, why use Ephedra? If there is no significant heat, why use hot herbs? This should mostly be viewed from the perspective of excess syndromes. (This is a crucial principle. It applies not only to wheezing but to all diseases.) Although it does not explicitly state treatment for Warm Disease, the clearing and dispersing action of this decoction is quite appropriate. (Taiyang disease characterized by fever, thirst, and aversion to cold being absent is defined as Warm Disease. Although Zhang Zhongjing did not provide a specific formula for this, the clearing and dispersing nature of this decoction aligns precisely with the method for treating Warm Disease.) Remove Gypsum and add Coix Seed (named Ma Huang Xing Ren Yi Yi Gan Cao Tang); fever and body pain result from the binding of Wind-Dampness. This is largely similar but slightly different in method from Ma Huang Jia Zhu Tang, distinguishing between Cold-Dampness and Wind-Dampness. (Ma Huang Jia Zhu Tang treats Cold-Dampness, while Ma Huang Xing Ren Yi Yi Gan Cao Tang treats Wind-Dampness).)