治风水恶风，一身悉肿，面目肿，大有热色，发热无汗，脉洪浮而渴，续自汗出，无大
热者。
麻黄（六两去节） 石膏（半斤打） 甘草（炙） 生姜（各二两） 大枣（十二枚） 以
水六升，先煮麻黄，去上沫，纳诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。
治里水一身面目黄肿，脉沉，小便自利而渴者；并治风寒客于脉而不去，营气热腐而肉
极热，则身体津脱，腠理开，汗大泄，疠风气，下焦脚弱。
越脾汤原方加白术四两。
治肺胀咳喘脉浮大者。越脾汤原方枣加三枚，姜加一两，加半夏半升。
越脾汤越脾中气，发汗生津凉散委。（越脾者，发越脾中之津气而为汗，是凉散法也。）
麻石甘草枣生姜，《金匮》以之治风水。恶风身肿脉洪浮，面赤热渴乃堪使。（旭高按∶《金
匮
是风水者，乃肺、脾、胃三经受风热之阳邪，痹其营卫之气，升降不得自如，斯水饮入胃，
不能输脾归肺，下达膀胱，而反外溢肌肤，故一身悉肿。其证恶风发热，脉洪浮而渴，故知
为风热，亦尝验之矣。然必兼有无汗而喘见象，与此汤一服，亦未必汗出，其水反从小便去，
真匪夷所思者。）里水黄肿其脉沉，便利亡津加术饵。（名越脾加术汤 旭高按∶水在里，当
不渴，渴则可征水去。今渴而黄肿不去，是水未去也。水未去，何以渴？小便自利，亡津液
故也。盖脾气实者，小便利则水去；脾气虚者，小便利则亡津，亡津令渴。病虽始于里水，
其实里已无水，水只在皮肤中，故亦用越脾，使从表解。但加白术一味，补脾气生津液，以
固其里，则意无不到矣。）营气热腐为疠风，俗号“大麻疯”即是。清疏营卫最相宜，加术
缘其脚弱尔。（按∶疠风因风客久而化热，营气被其煽灼，血肉腐坏，故使鼻柱坏而色败，
皮肤疡溃，即俗所谓“大麻疯”是也。喻嘉言有见及此，故曰“汗宜频发，血宜频刺”，但
未有其方。旭高观此汤清疏营卫，与嘉言之说合符。石膏清热生津液，麻黄疏风通血脉，甘
草解热毒，姜、枣和营卫，若不脚弱，则白术亦可不加。后人遇此证，绝不知用此汤，何也？）
温邪挟饮填肺中，为胀为喘加半治。散邪清热越脾佳，蠲饮消痰半姜美。（名越脾加半夏汤 肺
胀咳喘，为外邪内饮相搏之证。越脾汤散邪清热之功多，蠲饮消痰之力少，故加半夏辅其未
逮，更加姜一两以助半夏之功，周密之至矣。）此与青龙加石膏，佐使寒温相对峙。（此与小
青龙加石膏汤相为对峙。小青龙汤中有半夏无石膏，越脾汤中有石膏无半夏，观二方所加之
意，全重在石膏、半夏二物协力建功。石膏清热，借辛温亦能豁痰，半夏豁痰，借辛凉亦能
清热。前越脾加术汤生津止渴，借白术入清热药中；此越脾加半夏汤下气定喘，又借半夏入
清热药中。仲景加减成方，无非化裁后学矣。）又与越脾加术汤，下气生津分彼此。千古医
方仰仲师，一加一减皆精义。
Treats Wind-Water (Feng Shui) with aversion to wind, generalized edema of the whole body, swelling of the face and eyes, a red and hot complexion, fever without sweat, a surging and floating pulse with thirst, followed by spontaneous sweating, and no significant heat on the surface.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) six liang, remove joints; Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) half jin, crushed; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), prepared; Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) two liang each; Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) twelve pieces. Use six sheng of water, first decoct Ephedrae Herba, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs, decoct to obtain three sheng of liquid, divide into three warm doses.
Treats Interior Water (Li Shui) with yellowish swelling of the whole body and face, a deep pulse, free urination accompanied by thirst; also treats Cold-Wind pathogenic factors lodging in the meridians and not departing, where Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) becomes hot and corrupts, causing extreme heat in the flesh, leading to depletion of body fluids, opening of the interstices (Cou Li), profuse sweating, Leprosy Wind (Li Feng Qi), and weakness of the lower limbs due to deficiency in the Lower Jiao.
Yuebi Decoction (Yuebi Tang) original formula plus Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) four liang.
Treats Lung Distension (Fei Zhang) with cough, wheezing, and a floating and large pulse. Yuebi Decoction (Yuebi Tang) original formula: increase Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) by three pieces, increase Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) by one liang, add Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) half sheng.
Yuebi Decoction (Yuebi Tang) venting Spleen Qi, inducing sweat and generating fluids, cooling and dispersing. (Yuebi means venting the fluids and Qi of the Spleen to induce sweat; this is a cooling and dispersing method.)
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜); *Jin Gui Yao Lue* uses this for Wind-Water. Aversion to wind, body swelling, surging and floating pulse, red face, heat, and thirst indicate its suitability. (Xu Gao's note: The Wind-Water described in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* is caused by Wind-Heat Yang pathogens affecting the Lung, Spleen, and Stomach meridians, obstructing Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) and Wei-Qi (Defensive Qi), impairing their ascending and descending functions. Thus, when fluid enters the Stomach, it cannot be transported to the Spleen and returned to the Lung, nor descend to the Bladder, but instead overflows into the skin and muscles, causing generalized edema. Its symptoms include aversion to wind, fever, surging and floating pulse, and thirst, indicating Wind-Heat, which I have verified. However, it must be accompanied by absence of sweat and wheezing. After one dose of this decoction, sweat may not occur, yet the fluid will pass through the urine, which is truly astonishing.) Interior Water presents with yellowish swelling and a deep pulse; if urination is free and fluids are depleted, add Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术) for administration. (Named Yuebi Plus Baizhu Decoction. Xu Gao's note: When water is in the interior, thirst should not occur; thirst indicates fluid loss. Now, with thirst and persistent yellowish swelling, the water has not left. Why thirst if water remains? It is because free urination depletes fluids. Generally, if Spleen Qi is solid, free urination expels water; if Spleen Qi is deficient, free urination depletes fluids, causing thirst. Although the disease starts as Interior Water, the interior is actually dry, with water only in the skin. Thus, Yuebi Decoction is used to resolve water from the exterior. Adding Baizhu tonifies Spleen Qi and generates fluids to secure the interior, making the treatment comprehensive.) Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) heat and corruption lead to Leprosy Wind (Li Feng), commonly known as "Big Leprosy" (Da Ma Feng). Clearing and dispersing Ying-Qi and Wei-Qi is most appropriate; adding Baizhu addresses limb weakness. (Note: Leprosy Wind results from Wind pathogen lingering and transforming into Heat, scorching Ying-Qi and corrupting flesh and blood, causing collapse of the nasal bridge, deterioration of complexion, and skin ulcers, i.e., "Big Leprosy." Yu Jiayan recognized this, stating "sweat should be frequently induced, blood should be frequently pricked," but lacked a formula. Observing this decoction clears and disperses Ying-Qi and Wei-Qi, aligning with Jiayan's theory. Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) clears heat and generates fluids; Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) disperses wind and unblocks vessels; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) resolves heat toxins; Ginger and Dates harmonize Ying-Qi and Wei-Qi. If limb weakness is absent, Baizhu may be omitted. Why do later practitioners rarely use this decoction for such cases?) Warm pathogens combined with fluid retention filling the Lungs cause distension and wheezing; treat with added Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 半夏). Dispersing pathogens and clearing heat, Yuebi Decoction is excellent; resolving fluid retention and eliminating phlegm, Banxia and Ginger work well together. (Named Yuebi Plus Banxia Decoction. Lung distension with cough and wheezing is a condition of external pathogens and internal fluid retention clashing. Yuebi Decoction excels at dispersing pathogens and clearing heat but lacks strength in resolving fluid retention and eliminating phlegm; thus, Banxia is added to supplement this deficiency, along with an extra liang of Ginger to enhance Banxia's effect, ensuring thoroughness.) This stands in opposition to Xiao Qing Long Plus Shigao Decoction regarding the balance of cold and warm properties. (This decoction opposes Xiao Qing Long Plus Shigao Decoction. Xiao Qing Long Decoction contains Banxia but no Shigao; Yuebi Decoction contains Shigao but no Banxia. The intent of adding these ingredients highlights the synergistic efficacy of Shigao and Banxia. Shigao clears heat and, aided by acrid-warm properties, can resolve phlegm; Banxia resolves phlegm and, aided by acrid-cool properties, can clear heat. The previous Yuebi Plus Baizhu Decoction generates fluids and stops thirst by incorporating Baizhu into heat-clearing herbs; this Yuebi Plus Banxia Decoction directs Qi downward and calms wheezing by incorporating Banxia into heat-clearing herbs. Zhang Zhongjing's modifications of established formulas are merely adaptations for future generations.) Compared with Yuebi Plus Baizhu Decoction, they differ in directing Qi downward versus generating fluids. Since ancient times, medical formulas have revered Master Zhongjing; every addition and subtraction contains profound principles.