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All can treat these conditions. For individuals with deficiency constitutions, Liu Junzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) supplemented with Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), decocted as a liquid preparation for oral administration, is also effective.

Daozheng Nang (Symptom-Resolving Pouch)
Treats masses formed by blood coagulation due to cold obstruction.
Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper Fruit), Zaojiao (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit) (each 1 liang), Xixin (Asarum Root) (1.5 liang).
The above three herbs are ground into powder. A triangular pouch, the size of a finger and two cun in length, is filled with the medicine and inserted into the vagina. It should be removed when there is an urge to defecate, and reinserted after defecation. Once the mass dissolves and foul blood is discharged, wash with warm water and avoid sexual intercourse for three days.
(Note) Although external treatments use potent medicines, they do not seem to worry about consuming vital qi as much as internal medications do. However, since the medicines are all acrid and hot, this method is only appropriate if the disease is definitely caused by cold obstructing blood and causing stagnation. The meaning is self-evident from the phrase "once the mass dissolves and foul blood is discharged."

Baoying Tang (Infant Protection Decoction)
Treats various diseases in children.
Chenmi (Aged Rice), Huangtu (Yellow Earth), Nen Zhuye (Bamboo Leaves), Lubofu Zi (Radish Seeds), Bohe Ye (Mint Leaves), Dengcao Xin (Juncus Medulla), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber).
Of the above seven herbs, the dosage depends on the primary symptoms, while others are used in smaller amounts. Each dose should not exceed 3 qian. Place them in a bag, boil in water to make a soup, and drink freely when thirsty. If constipation occurs, mix in a small amount of Baimi (White Honey).
(Note) Children's illnesses often arise from irregular breastfeeding or diet. This decoction nourishes the spleen and stomach, grasping the essence of pediatrics, so it can be modified according to symptoms to address various diseases. It is particularly excellent for summer diarrhea. It is also suitable for post-smallpox recovery. Do not neglect it because it is mild; using warming tonics may cause other ailments.
(Commentary) Children rely on the spleen and stomach as the foundation of acquired constitution. Irregular diet damages the spleen and stomach, leading to difficulty in transformation and transportation, resulting in vomiting and diarrhea. Over time, spleen earth becomes weak, allowing liver wood to overact upon it. Stool color gradually turns green, the face appears sallow with a bluish tint, limbs twitch slightly and lack strength, and spirit is listless, leading to Manpi Feng (Slow Spleen Wind). Jiang Binhua in *Yi Jing* states: What is commonly called Slow Convulsion Wind is actually Liver Wood overacting on Spleen Earth. Early stage is suitable for Yigong San (Heterogeneous Powder); severe cases add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). If limbs are cold, lips are white, and breath is faint, indicating impending collapse of vital qi, Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Regulate the Middle Decoction) should be used urgently to potentially reverse the condition. However, in rapidly changing conditions, slight delays in medication are ineffective; one cannot generally view it as a slow condition. Xiong notes: Zhuang's *Fu You Bian* discusses this condition specifically. If it truly belongs to this category, this medicine should be applied. To claim that one formula can universally treat diarrhea would lead to disastrous consequences.

Tianyi Wan (Heaven One Pill)
Treats hundred diseases in children.
Dengcao Xin (Juncus Medulla) (10 jin, dyed with rice flour paste, dried, ground, clarified in water; floating parts are Juncus Medulla, taken out, dried again, 2.5 liang for medicinal use; sinking parts are rice flour, discarded), Chibai Fuling (Red and White Poria Cocos) (peeled, including Fushen without wood, 5 liang), Huashi (Talcum) (water-triturated, 5 liang), Zhuling (Polyporus Umbellatus) (peeled, 2 liang), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) (deprived of stems, 3 liang).
The above five herbs are each ground into fine powder. Lu Dingshen (Codonopsis Pilosula) is boiled into a paste to bind the pills, shaped like longan fruits, coated with Chen Sha (Cinnabar), and wrapped with Feijin (Gold Leaf). One pill per dose, taken with a guiding substance according to the syndrome.
(Note) Han Tianjue said: Children's physiological function tends upward, embodying the wonder of "Heaven generates Water One." Therefore, treating diseases by promoting urination is a rapid method. I believe that promoting urination provides an exit path for pathogens, hence it is called a rapid method. The proverb says: "Frequent urination means no disease, frequent defecation means no life," which reflects this principle.

Qingjing San (Clearing Convulsion Powder)
Treats pediatric spasms, convulsions, and twitching.
Chen Danxing (Arisaema Cum Bile) (9 fen), Fei Chen Sha (Precipitated Cinnabar) (1 fen).
The above two herbs are ground finely. Mix with half a small cup of Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) and one small spoon of Shengjiang Zhi (Fresh Ginger Juice). Additionally, decoct Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) (1 qian), Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) (8 fen), and Bohe Jian (Mint Apex) (1 fen) in water to take with the powder.
(Note) The popular notion of Ji Jing Feng (Rapid Convulsion Wind) was thoroughly refuted by Fang Zhongxing and Yu Jiayan. This formula treats by resolving phlegm, clearing heat, and extinguishing wind, hitting the key point.
(Commentary) *Yi Jing* states: Popularly called Rapid Convulsion Wind, it is closure by phlegm-fire. Children contracting wind-cold or accumulating milk/food can generate phlegm; phlegm accumulation transforms into fire. Summer heat also generates fire. Failure to clear and resolve leads to rising fire and rising phlegm. Phlegm-fire obstructs the lung orifices, closing all orifices. Symptoms include staring eyes, wheezing, coma, and unresponsiveness. Severe fire causes dry liver and tight tendons, leading to spasms, tremors, opisthotonos, and rolling eyes, generating the eight signs. It is entirely caused by phlegm-fire closure and internal stirring of liver wind, not by fright. During spasms and arching, do not hold tightly; support gently and allow natural cessation to avoid damaging meridians and causing disability. Early stage is suitable for Tongguan San (Pass the Barrier Powder) to induce sneezing; waking follows sneezing. Then administer Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) or Lizi (Pear Juice), Lubofu Zhi (Radish Juice) mixed with Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) juice. When fire descends and phlegm calms, the illness resolves spontaneously. Post-recovery requires clearing heat and nourishing yin; do not use warming tonics. Xiong notes: "Tan" (Phlegm) was anciently written as "Dan" (Pale), clearly indicating that dual fires boiling water create phlegm. Wan Mizhai once said: Humans having phlegm is like trees having sap. In extreme heat, trees flow sap; phlegm arises from heat, which is evident proof. Phlegm is like water, moving with qi. Passing through the throat to the head—is this water's nature? No, it is forced by agitation. Thus, I say: Stomach fire excess causes food to generate phlegm; more phlegm leads to craving rich foods. Liver fire blazing causes fluids to condense into phlegm; more phlegm leads to drier tendons and collaterals. Phlegm moving due to fire is indeed correct.

Shunliu Dan (Smooth Flow Elixir)
Treats dangerous and adverse smallpox conditions.
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 6 liang).
The above four herbs are crushed into coarse pieces. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, take seven large bowls of clear water flowing eastward. Decoct to three large bowls, strain, and place the liquid in a new clay pot. Select:
Mingjin Wanti Chen Sha (Bright, Complete Cinnabar) (4 liang).
Place the cinnabar in a fine silk bag, tie the mouth, suspend it in the herbal liquid about one finger-width from the bottom. Simmer slowly with mulberry wood fire until the liquid is exhausted. Take out, grind into fine powder, and store in a porcelain bottle. Separately prepare:
Good Glutinous Rice (0.5 sheng, washed clean and drained).
Mix salt brine with clean yellow earth to proper moisture, wrap the rice into balls, place in charcoal fire, burn until red-hot, quickly remove, cool, break open, and select yellow grains with potency, grinding them into fine powder. Store separately in a porcelain bottle. For a child fully one year old, use 1 fen of Chen Sha powder and 1 fen of Rice powder, one tea spoon of White Honey, half a cup of Rice Soup, and three spoons of Mellow Wine. Mix the two powders evenly, and feed slowly with a tea spoon. Those who have not developed spots are exempt; those with emerging spots will have sparse lesions; depressed lesions will rise instantly. One batch of this medicine, distributed, can save hundreds. Preparation must be done in a clean room with incense burning by auspicious persons. Avoid exposure to chickens, dogs, eunuchs, mourners, people with physical disabilities, or patients with infectious diseases. Be cautious and cherish this.
(Note) *Gu Yu Xiao Xia Lu* records this formula, stating the Liang family of Zhending administered it for generations with great merit. The ingredients are mild, but the preparation is unique, named "Shunliu Dan" (Smooth Flow Elixir), implying that just as water flowing east is smooth, treating adverse smallpox makes the condition smooth. Just as boiling underground water creates Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), its efficacy lies in the water. Therefore, water for decoction must be chosen according to the condition. Since East-flowing water is chosen for its smoothness and flow, it should be used immediately; prolonged storage loses its flowing nature. The refusal to use well water or stagnant water reveals this intent.
(Correction) The above discusses formulas.
Water collected on the first day of the sixth lunar month is stored; the older, the better. Named Liuyi Shui (Six-One Water) or Shenxian Shui (Immortal Water), it is suitable for brewing tea in summer and autumn. He Shi's *Yi Bian* song on water for decoction says: Rapid flow speed aids bowel movement; swirling water is best for inducing vomiting; boiling vigorously induces sweating; Ganlan Laoshui (Stirred Water) has similar intent; Huangji Shui (Pickled Vegetable Water) expels phlegm and harmonizes food; Huoluan Yin Yang Shui (Yin-Yang Water for Cholera) can cure; New drawn Well Water removes irritability and clears heat to nourish yin; Earth Slurry detoxifies and clears summerheat; Winter Snow and Ice treat epidemics miraculously; Light Qi Transformed Water has rare merits known for millennia; it regulates ascending/descending, replenishes fluids, nourishes water, clears metal, and benefits spleen.
(Commentary) Rain and snow water is named Tianquan (Heaven Spring), Ban Tian He Shui (Half-Sky River Water), or Shangchi Shui (Upper Pool Water). Its quality is lightest, taste freshest, suitable for decocting herbs that clear and purify the upper jiao; brewed tea surpasses mountain spring. Only our Hangzhou drinks this, so culture is elegant, ranking first under heaven. Hangzhou houses have tiled roofs, using bamboo, wood, brick, copper, or tin for drainage, directing water into vats. Daily inspection is required; replace tiles contaminated by bird/cat waste, sweep frequently with clean brooms to prevent leaf/dust accumulation, ensuring clarity. Houses near kitchens have coal smoke pollution; do not collect this water. Storm water contains dust/sand; do not collect. Water after long drought sudden rain may contain roof grime; do not collect immediately. After filling vats, wait for clarification, scoop clear water, store in separate vats; aging improves quality. Storage vats should be tall and narrow-mouthed, covered with pots, placed in windy/shaded areas; sun exposure depletes water and discolors it. Vats must sit on stone to prevent dampness rising. In severe cold, insert pine wood to prevent cracking. My late mother loved tea, was strict about water collection, and precise in storage; I record this carefully. Other places can imitate this to avoid bad water-induced diseases, not just for tea/decoction.
Furthermore, poor stream/river water indicates barren mountains, possibly producing arsenic/alum poisons or housing snakes/beasts. Diet prioritizes water; newcomers drinking it get sick; locals adapt to harsh traits. To change rough customs and benefit people, deep well digging is urgent. Below is Western well-digging method for widespread application.
On high ground, unknown spring source, four search methods:
First, Qi Test. Nighttime water vapor rises, stops at sunrise. Dig a pit; at dawn, enter, look closely at ground. Smoke-like vapor rising indicates water vein below.
Second, Plate Test. Qi visible in fields, not in cities/houses. Dig 3 chi deep, arbitrary width/length. Use copper/tin plate, wipe lightly with clear oil. Place on 1-2 cun wooden block in pit bottom, invert. Cover plate with dry grass, then soil. Open next day. Water dripping on plate bottom indicates spring below.
Third, Pot Test. Near pottery makers, take blank bottles/pots. Use like copper plate. Vapor penetrating indicates spring below. Without pottery, use clay bricks or sheep wool. Wool absorbs moisture well, showing vapor clearly.
Fourth, Fire Test. Dig as before. Build fire at bottom. Winding/smoky vapor indicates trapped water vapor below. Straight-up smoke means no water.
Five drilling methods:
First, Site Selection. Mountain foot is best (spring source, balanced yin/yang). Gardens/houses facing sun are second. Open fields third. Mountain slopes too hot (sun) or cold (shade) are worst. Observe water presence, choose accordingly.
Second, Depth Measurement. Wells connect to rivers/groundwater; depth matches river levels. Measure historical drought/flood river levels, add depth accordingly. Distance from rivers irrelevant.
Third, Avoid Shock Qi. Underground veins transmit shock qi, dense and strong, blocking nine orifices, causing death. Common in high mountain areas, rare in wetlands. Causes earthquakes. If felt during drilling, retreat immediately until gas dissipates. Verify dissipation by lowering lit lamp; flame steady means gas gone.
Fourth, Observe Spring Vein. Upon hitting water, observe direction and soil color. Red clay soil = bad taste. Loose sand = slightly fresh. Black fertile soil = good. Sand with fine stones = best.
Fifth, Clarify Water. Well bottom: Wood (worst), Brick, Stone, Lead (best). Add 1-2 chi thick layer of fine gravel on bottom to clarify water and improve taste.
Five tests for water quality/elevation (applicable to rivers, wells, springs, rain, snow):
First, Boiling Test. Boil clear water in clean vessel, pour into white porcelain. Sediment at bottom indicates turbid quality. Good water has no residue. Good water cooks food faster.
Second, Sunlight Test. Clear water in white porcelain, expose to direct sun. Dust/mist-like particles indicate impurity. Good water is thoroughly clear.
Third, Taste Test. Water is elemental, tasteless; true water is tasteless. All tastes come from external mixing. Test primarily by blandness; good taste secondary; bad taste worst.
Fourth, Weighing Test. Compare equal volumes of different waters; lighter is better.
Fifth, Paper/Cloth Test. Dip white paper/silk in water, dry. No trace is best.
Note: Humans can survive a day without grain, but not without water. Is water not important? Knowing well-digging/testing allows access to sweet springs everywhere, aiding drought/fire prevention. Xiong likes digging wells but lacks strength; hopes colleagues assist. Well rims should be small to prevent drowning. Where wells impossible, reservoirs are alternative. Western texts note: In fortified/high-altitude areas, distant streams, deep wells require many ropes/water carriers. During drought, drops are precious. Remote sieges exhaust men/horses. Long-term planning is essential. Storing rain/snow water prevents scarcity. People neglect foresight, suffering when crisis hits. Building ponds on mountains fails if no rain for months; evaporation/seepage losses are high. Western mountain cities store water like grain, preventing leakage. Reservoirs ensure three-year reserves, resisting drought/enemies. Surface water beats stagnant groundwater and fresh well water in quenching thirst and benefiting health. Mountain dwellers disdain river/well water. Reservoirs are sealed below to prevent leakage, covered above to prevent damage. Earth is driest element, drier than fire. Water underground is damaged by wind and sun. In extreme summer drought melting metals/scorching hills, water survives. Hence sealing and covering. Nine aspects of reservoirs: 1. Equipment (materials), 2. Proportion (mixing), 3. Excavation (capacity), 4. Construction (foundation), 5. Plastering (sealing), 6. Covering (protection), 7. Filling (accumulation), 8. Drawing (usage), 9. Maintenance (repair).