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The Du vessel originates from the center below the lower abdomen. In women, it enters and connects to the Ting Kong (external urethral orifice), which is the opening of the urinary passage. Its collateral follows the genitalia, meets at the perineum (Huiyin), and winds around the anus posteriorly. A branch winds around the buttocks to reach the Foot-Shaoyin kidney meridian, combining with the collateral of the Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian. It ascends along the posterior medial aspect of the thigh, penetrates the spine, and attaches to the kidneys. The Du vessel and the Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian originate from the inner canthus of the eye, ascend to the forehead, intersect at the vertex, enter to network the brain, emerge again, descend separately to the nape, follow the interior of the shoulder blades, run alongside the spine to reach the middle of the waist, enter to network the kidneys. In men, it follows the penis down to the perineum, identical to women. Its straight branch rises directly from the lower abdomen, penetrates the center of the umbilicus, ascends through the heart, enters the throat, reaches the chin, circles the lips, and ascends to tie to the center below both eyes.

According to records: The Du vessel begins at Changqiang (DU1), runs along the midline of the back, ascends the spine to Fengfu (DU16), enters and attaches to the brain, and ends at Yinjiao (DU28). There are twenty-eight acupoints in total; thirteen are selected here.

Changqiang (DU1) [also known as Qi Zhi Yin, Jue Gu; *Ling Shu* calls it Qiong Gu, also named Gu Hao]: Located at the tip of the coccyx. Take the point while prone. It is the collateral of the Du vessel, diverging to the Ren vessel, and is the knot of the Foot-Shaoyin kidney meridian. Puncture 0.2 cun, retain for seven breaths. Moxibustion: 3 moxa cones. Indications: Stiffness and spasm of the lumbar spine, inability to bend or extend. Intestinal wind bleeding, five types of hemorrhoids, five types of strangury,下部 gan erosion ulcers, sunken fontanelle in infants, convulsions due to fright and epilepsy, rectal prolapse, bloody diarrhea. This point is the root for treating the five types of hemorrhoids. *Yu Long Fu* states: "Moxibustion on Chengshan combined with this point is best for hemorrhoids." This is an empirical experience. For young people suffering from wasting syndrome in summer, moxibustion on this point is excellent.

Yamen (DU15) [also known as Yin Men, She Yan, Heng She]: Located 0.5 cun above the posterior hairline, in the depression. Take the point with the head extended. It is the intersection of the Du vessel and the Yang Wei vessel, entering to connect to the root of the tongue. Puncture 0.2 cun; do not puncture deeply. Moxibustion is prohibited; moxibustion causes aphonia. Indications: Stiffness and spasm of the neck and nape, inability to speak. Excess heat of all yang meridians, persistent epistaxis. *Bai Zheng Fu* states: "Combining with Guanchong (LI16) is crucial for treating flaccid tongue and inability to speak."

Fengfu (DU16) [also known as She Ben]: Located 1 cun above the posterior hairline, in the depression within the large tendons. When speaking quickly, the muscle rises; when stopping speech, the muscle settles. It is the intersection of the Du vessel and the Yang Wei vessel. *Re Lun* states: "Ju Yang (Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian) belongs to all yang meridians. Its channel connects to Fengfu." Puncture 0.3 cun, retain for three breaths. Moxibustion is prohibited; moxibustion causes aphonia. Indications: Wind-stroke with flaccid tongue, swelling and pain of the throat, common cold with headache, stiff neck unable to look back, mania running about, sadness and fear, palpitations with suicidal ideation. Another view holds it treats draining heat from the chest, used together with Dazhu (BL11), Quepen (ST12), and Zhongfu (LU1). *Xi Hong Fu* states: "Find Fengfu and Fengchi, and hundred diseases of shanghan vanish at once." It further says: "Fengfu has always been hard to locate; one must measure depth carefully. If bladder qi has not dispersed, seek Sanli (ST36)." *Tong Yuan Fu* states: "For wind injuring the neck causing stiffness, seek Fengfu." Another record indicates treatment for vomiting due to cold-wind invasion.

Naohu (DU17) [also known as Ying Feng, Hui E, He Lu]: Located 1.5 cun posterior to Jiangjian (DU18) on the occipital bone. One source says 2 cun above the hairline. It is the intersection of the Du vessel and the Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian. Puncture and moxibustion are prohibited. Puncturing Naohu causes immediate death. Moxibustion is also forbidden; it causes aphonia. (This point is not among the thirteen selected points.)

Qiangjian (DU18) [also known as Da Yu]: Located 1.5 cun posterior to Houding (DU19). Puncture 0.2 cun, moxibustion 5 cones. One source prohibits moxibustion. Indications: Headache and stiff neck, vertigo and spinning sensation, irritability, vomiting of saliva and froth. *Bai Zheng Fu* states: "Combining with Fenglong (ST40) treats severe headaches."

Houding (DU19) [also known as Jiao Chong]: Located 1.5 cun posterior to Baihui (DU20). On the occipital bone, puncture 0.2 cun, moxibustion 5 cones. Indications: Stiffness and spasm of the neck and nape, sore throat, aversion to wind, vertigo.

Baihui (DU20) [also known as San Yang Wu Hui, Dian Shang, Tian Man]: Located 1.5 cun posterior to Qianding (DU21). At the center of the hair whorl on the head, size of a bean. Directly opposite the midpoint between the ears. It is the intersection of the Du vessel and the Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian; the Hand-Shaoyang, Foot-Shaoyang, and Foot-Jueyin liver meridians all converge here. Puncture 0.2 cun, moxibustion 5 cones. *Jia Yi Jing* states: "Puncture 0.3 cun, moxibustion 3 cones." One source says moxibustion on the head and neck should not exceed 49 cones. Indications: Head wind and headache, deafness, nasal congestion, epistaxis, wind-stroke with locked jaw, excessive weeping, pediatric wind-epilepsy and convulsions, chronic rectal prolapse. One view states it treats all diseases; puncture 0.2 cun, drain upon obtaining qi. *Xi Hong Fu* states: "Combining with Taichong (LR3), Zhaohai (KI6), and Yinjiao (SP6) treats throat disorders."

Qianding (DU21): Located 1.5 cun posterior to Xinhui (DU22) in the bony depression. One source says 1 cun anterior to Baihui. Puncture 0.2 cun, moxibustion 5 cones. Indications: Head wind and vertigo, red and swollen face, pediatric epilepsy, profuse clear nasal discharge, swelling and pain of the neck, various throat conditions. *Shen Nong Jing* states: "For pediatric acute and chronic convulsions, moxibustion 3 cones, cone size like a wheat grain."

Xinhui (DU22): Located in the depression 1 cun posterior to Shangxing (DU23). Puncture 0.2 cun, moxibustion 5 cones. Puncture is prohibited in children under eight years old because the fontanelle is not closed; puncturing may unfortunately cause premature death. Indications: Cold pain due to brain deficiency, head wind and swelling/pain of the neck, excessive alcohol consumption, scalp swelling, wind-epilepsy with clear nasal discharge. One view states it treats vertigo and facial swelling, nasal congestion with loss of smell/taste; moxibustion 14 cones. Initially, there is no pain during moxibustion; pain arises as the disease leaves, at which point stop moxibustion. For nasal congestion, symptoms recede by the fourth day and resolve completely by the seventh day. Puncture 0.2 cun, retain for three breaths, drain upon obtaining qi. For head wind with dandruff and excessive sleepiness, acupuncture is particularly effective. After needling, mix fine salt with raw sesame oil and rub the hair roots; this permanently eliminates head wind.

Shangxing (DU23) [also known as Shen Tang]: Located in the depression 1 cun above the posterior hairline, directly above the nose, size of a bean. Puncture 0.3 cun, retain for six breaths, moxibustion 5 cones. One source suggests using a three-edged needle to bleed to drain heat from all yang meridians. Indications: Head wind and headache, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, vertigo with inability to focus vision, painful eyes. Using a three-edged needle drains excess heat from all yang meridians, preventing it from rushing upward to the head and eyes. *Yu Long Fu* states: "Treats sinusitis and head wind."

Shenting (DU24): Located 0.5 cun above the posterior hairline, directly above the nose. For those with a high hairline, the hairline itself is the point; for those with a low hairline, add 0.2-0.3 cun. It is the intersection of the Du vessel, Foot-Taiyang bladder meridian, and Foot-Yangming stomach meridian. Moxibustion 3 cones. Puncture is prohibited; puncturing causes mania, facial swelling, and blindness. One source says moxibustion 7 cones, up to 21 cones. Indications: Head wind, tearing, and other conditions. Acupuncture and moxibustion are strictly prohibited for throat wind (hou feng).

Suliao (DU25) [also known as Mian Wang]: Located at the tip of the nose. Puncture 0.1 cun. Moxibustion is prohibited. Indications: Nasal polyps that do not subside, excessive nasal discharge. One source states it treats alcoholic rhinitis; bleeding with a three-edged needle is effective.

Shuigou (DU26) [also known as Renzhong]: Located in the depression of the philtrum. It is the intersection of the Du vessel, Hand-Yangming large intestine meridian, and Foot-Yangming stomach meridian. Puncture 0.3 cun, retain for six breaths, drain upon obtaining qi. Moxibustion 3 cones, cone size like a wheat grain. However, moxibustion is less effective than acupuncture. Indications: Wind-stroke with locked jaw, clenched teeth, sudden attack by evil spirits/qi, unconsciousness. *Shen Nong Jing* states: "For pediatric acute and chronic convulsions, moxibustion 3 cones, cone size like a wheat grain."

Yinjiao (DU28) [gum junction]: Located in the gum crease where the upper lip meets the teeth. It is the intersection of the Ren and Du vessels. Puncture 0.3 cun, oblique insertion. Moxibustion 3 cones. Indications: Red face, irritability, pain, nasal polyps that do not subside, excessive tearing, red and painful eyes, gingival gangrene and swelling, pediatric facial sores and chronic tinea; cauterization is also good. *Bai Zheng Fu* states: "Specifically treats nasal polyps."