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Blood in stool due to Yin Knotting (Jie Yin) results from wind-cold pathogenic factors knotting in the Yin aspect. When pathogenic factors remain in the five Zang organs without departing, it is termed "Yin Knotting." Because the pathogens knot internally and cannot circulate, the pathology returns to the Blood aspect, thus causing blood in stool. The Classics state: "In cases of Yin Knotting, one sheng of blood is lost; if it knots again, two sheng are lost; if it knots a third time, three sheng are lost." This precisely describes this condition. It is appropriate to use external moxibustion on Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), and Zusanli (ST36) to guide Stomach Qi and disperse wind pathogens. Internally, use Pingwei Diyutang (Stomach-Pacifying Coptis Decoction), a warming and dispersing formula, to stop the bleeding. (From Zhang Jingyue)

Pingwei Diyutang from *Ba Jian* treats blood in stool caused by pathogens sinking into the Yin aspect and resulting in Yin Knotting.
Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Genge (Kudzu Root), Fuling (Poria), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) [each in equal proportions].
The above herbs are chopped. Take 5 qian per dose, add fresh ginger and jujube, decoct, and take on an empty stomach. Another version excludes Xiangfu but includes Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus).

Weifeng Tang (Stomach-Wind Decoction) treats wind-cold invading the intestines and stomach due to deficiency, leading to indigestion of food and fluids, as well as blood in stool, or passage of clear blood, or passage of fluid resembling bean curd dregs, persisting for a long time without control.
Strain and drink while slightly warm. This likely belongs to the category of Yin Knotting. Because Yin Qi knots internally, sweet-cold herbs are removed and pungent-hot herbs are added, following the principle of "dispersing what is knotted."

Empirical Formula:
Use only Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), lightly stir-fried and powdered. Take 2 qian with rice water.

Diyu Tang (Sanguisorba Decoction): Hejian stated, "In Yin Knotting causing blood in stool, Yin Qi knots internally and cannot circulate outward. Blood and Qi lose their master and seep into the intestines to pass downward."
Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix, 4 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, half roasted/half raw, 3 liang), Suosharen (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, 7 fruits).
Powder the above. Take 5 qian per dose with 3 cups of water, decoct until half remains, strain, and take warm.

Blood in stool due to Damp-Heat presents with turbid blood that is dark in color. As described by Hua Shi (Hua Shaoshu), this is due to accumulated heat in the Foot-Taiyin Spleen channel over a long period generating dampness, which then flows downward. Chidou Dangguisan (Red Bean and Angelica Powder) is the primary treatment. If there is heat without dampness, presenting with abdominal pain and bright red blood, Lianpu San (Coptis and Cattail Pollen Powder) is used.

Chidou Dangguisan (Red Bean and Angelica Powder):
Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean, 3 sheng, soaked until sprouts emerge, then sun-dried), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 10 liang).
Pound the two ingredients into a powder. Take one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful) with Jiangshui (fermented grain water), three times daily.

Lianpu San (Coptis and Cattail Pollen Powder):
Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Huaijiao (Sophorae Tonkinensis Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) [each 1 qian], Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen).
Decoct with 2 zhong of water until 8 fen remains, then take.

*Bozhai Bian* records: Burn dried persimmons to ash, take 2 qian with rice water. *Bencao* records that persimmons treat intestinal dysentery, resolve heat toxins, and eliminate old blood. Additionally, *Baiyi Xuanfang* records: The son of Vice-Intendant Zeng suffered from lower bleeding for ten years and was cured after one dose of this formula.

When Wang Huanzhi served as Prefect of Shuzhou, he suffered from persistent lower bleeding. A local named Chen Yifu advised him to collect cypress leaves throughout the four seasons, using methods such as taking branches from the east in spring. These were burned to ash and taken mixed with [water/food].

Jiegu Shaoyao Huanglian San (Shaoyao and Coptis Powder from Jiegu) treats abdominal pain with bloody stool accompanied by heat.
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) [each 0.5 liang], Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian), Dan Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, light cinnamon twig, 5 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, 2 qian).
Take 5 qian per dose, decoct in water. For severe pain, mix in 1 qian of Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Binglang (Arecae Semen) powder. Dan Gui is used to slightly borrow its pungent-warm nature to assist the medicinal power and extract the root of the disease. Another version: Pingwei San plus Huaihua (Sophorae Flos), Danggui, Zhike, and Wumei (Mume Fructus). (From Zhu Danxi.)