Library

(From *Zhenjiu Juying*)

The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: For diseases of the twelve meridians, excess conditions are treated with draining methods, deficiency conditions with tonifying methods, heat conditions with rapid needling (without retention), cold conditions with long retention, and conditions that are neither excess nor deficiency are treated by selecting points on the affected meridian itself. It also states: "Ying er duo zhi" (draining by opposing the flow of Qi) and "Sui er ji zhi" (tonifying by following the flow of Qi). Furthermore, it states: For deficiency, tonify its mother; for excess, drain its child. The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: Meridians circulate Qi and Blood, connect Yin and Yang, and thereby nourish the body. Qi and Blood begin at the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), enter the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian (corresponding to the Yin hour), then enter the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian (Mao hour); the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian enters the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian (Chen hour) and the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian (Si hour); the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian enters the Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian (Wu hour) and the Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian (Wei hour); the Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian enters the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian (Shen hour) and the Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian (You hour); the Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian enters the Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian (Xu hour) and the Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian (Hai hour); the Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian enters the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (Zi hour) and the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian (Chou hour); the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian flows back into the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian (the next day's Yin hour), circulating endlessly and irrigating each other in turn. It further states: What is meant by Ying and Sui is to understand the circulation of Ying and Wei Qi and the direction of Qi and Blood in the meridians, and to needle according to whether one follows or opposes this direction.

For Jia Wood, the Yuan-Source point is Qiuxu; for Yi Wood, it is Taichong; for Bing Fire, it is Wanggu; for Ding Fire, it passes through Shenmen; for Wu Earth, Chongyang allows the passage of Yang Qi; for Ji Earth, it emerges from Taibai; for Geng Metal, Hegu is the point; for Xin Metal, it originates from Taiyuan; for Ren Water, Jinggu and Yangchi are the points; for Gui Water, it emerges from Taixi and Daling.

The Sanjiao Meridian travels through all Yang meridians, therefore a single Yuan-Source point is established. It is also said: The Sanjiao is the pathway for water and grain, and a special envoy of Original Qi. It primarily facilitates the circulation of the Three Qi (Upper, Middle, Lower Jiao) and passes through the Five Zang and Six Fu organs. "Yuan" is the honorific title for the Sanjiao, so wherever its Qi stops, it is called the Yuan-Source point.

According to the *Nan Jing*: For diseases of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, their Yuan-Source points can be selected. Wang Haizang stated: For example, to tonify the Liver Meridian, insert one needle to tonify at its own Yuan-Source point (Taichong); if draining the Liver Meridian, also drain one needle at its own Yuan-Source point. Apply this principle to the others.

The Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian belongs to Xin Metal. It starts at Zhongfu and ends at Shaoshang. It has abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving Qi and Blood during the Yin hour.
Diseases caused by movement (Evil in the Qi level, where Qi stagnates and fails to move): Lung distension with fullness, bloating, wheezing, and coughing; pain in the supraclavicular fossa; in severe cases, crossing both hands over the chest and experiencing visual confusion, known as Arm Jue.
Diseases generated by the meridian (Evil in the Blood level, where Blood is stagnant and fails to nourish): Coughing with rebellious Qi, wheezing, thirst, vexation, chest fullness, pain and Jue-cold along the anterior medial aspect of the arm, and heat in the palm. If Qi is excessive and surplus, there is shoulder and back pain, sweating with susceptibility to wind-strike, frequent urination with scantiness. The Cun Kou pulse is three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse. In deficiency, there is shoulder and back pain with cold sensation, shortness of breath insufficient for respiration, changes in urine color, sudden incontinence of feces without control, and the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.
Tonification (for deficiency, tonify) uses the Mao hour (following the flow to assist), selecting Taiyuan, which is the Shu-Stream Earth point. Earth generates Metal, making it the Mother. The Classic says: Tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage (for excess, drain) uses the Yin hour (opposing the flow to deprive), selecting Chize, which is the He-Sea Water point. Metal generates Water, making it the Child. Drain the child in excess.

The Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian is Geng Metal. It starts at Shangyang and ends at Yingxiang. It has abundant Qi and Blood, receiving them during the Mao hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Toothache, facial swelling.
Diseases governed by fluids: Yellow eyes, dry mouth, nasal congestion/epistaxis, throat obstruction, pain in the anterior shoulder, inability to use the thumb and index finger. If Qi is excessive, there is heat and swelling along the meridian's path, and the Ren Ying pulse is three times larger than the Cun Kou; in deficiency, there is cold shivering that does not resolve, and the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the Chen hour, selecting Quchi, the He-Sea Earth point. Earth generates Metal, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Mao hour, selecting Erjian, the Ying-Spring Water point. Metal generates Water, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian belongs to Wu Earth. It starts at Touwei and ends at Lidui. It has abundant Qi and Blood, receiving them during the Chen hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Shivering with aversion to cold, frequent groaning and yawning, dark complexion. Onset involves aversion to people and fire, terror upon hearing wooden sounds, heart palpitations, preferring to stay alone behind closed doors. In severe cases, desire to climb high and sing, discarding clothes and running, abdominal rumbling and distension, known as Benxiang Abdominal Distension Jue.
Diseases governed by blood: Manic malaria, warm pathogenic infections, sweating, nasal congestion/epistaxis, oral lip herpes, neck swelling, throat obstruction, massive abdominal edema, knee patella swelling and pain. Pain along the chest, breast, Qijie, Futu, lateral lower leg, and dorsum of the foot. Inability to use the middle finger. If Qi is excessive, the anterior body is hot; if Stomach Qi is excessive, digestion is rapid with easy hunger, and urine is yellow. The Ren Ying pulse is three times larger than the Cun Kou. If Qi is deficient, the anterior body is cold and shivering; Stomach Cold causes distension, and the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the Si hour, selecting JieXi, the Jing-River Fire point. Fire generates Earth, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Chen hour, selecting Lidui, the Jing-Well Metal point. Earth generates Metal, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian belongs to Ji Earth. It starts at Yinbai and ends at Dabao. It has abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving them during the Si hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Stiff tongue root, vomiting after eating, epigastric pain, abdominal distension with belching, feeling relieved after defecation/passing gas, heaviness of the body.
Diseases governed by the Spleen: Tongue root pain, inability to move the body, inability to eat, vexation, urgent pain in the epigastrium, cold malaria, loose stools or mass-related diarrhea, urinary retention, jaundice unable to lie down, swelling and Jue-cold in the inner thigh and knee when standing forcibly, inability to use the big toe. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is three times larger than the Ren Ying. In deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying.
Tonification uses the Wu hour, selecting Dada, the Ying-Spring Fire point. Fire generates Earth, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Si hour, selecting Shangqiu, the Jing-River Metal point. Earth generates Metal, drain the child in excess.

The Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian belongs to Ding Fire. It starts at Jiquan and ends at Shaochong. It has abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving them during the Wu hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Dry throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink, known as Arm Jue.
Diseases governed by the Heart: Yellow eyes, flank pain, pain and Jue-cold along the posterior medial aspect of the arm, heat and pain in the palm. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is twice as large as the Ren Ying. In deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying.
Tonification uses the Wei hour, selecting Shaochong, the Jing-Well Wood point. Wood generates Fire, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Wu hour, selecting Shenmen, the Shu-Stream Earth point. Fire generates Earth, drain the child in excess.

The Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian belongs to Bing Fire. It starts at Shaoze and ends at Tinggong. It has abundant Blood and scarce Qi, receiving them during the Wei hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Throat pain, submandibular swelling, inability to look back, shoulder feeling like being pulled out, elbow feeling like being broken.
Diseases governed by fluids: Deafness, yellow eyes, cheek swelling, pain in the neck, submandible, shoulder, nu, elbow, and posterior lateral arm. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is twice as large as the Cun Kou. In deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the Shen hour, selecting Houxi, the Shu-Stream Wood point. Wood generates Fire, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Wei hour, selecting Xiaohai, the He-Sea Earth point. Fire generates Earth, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian belongs to Ren Water. It starts at Jingming and ends at Zhiyin. It has abundant Blood and scarce Qi, receiving them during the Shen hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Headache, eyes feeling like they will fall out, neck feeling like being pulled out, spinal pain, waist feeling like being broken, thighs unable to bend, popliteal fossa feeling knotted, calf muscles feeling torn.
Diseases governed by sinews: Hemorrhoids, malaria, mania, epilepsy, head/occiput/neck pain, yellow eyes, tearing, nasal congestion/epistaxis, pain in the neck, back, waist, sacrum, popliteal fossa, calf, and foot, inability to use the little toe. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is twice as large as the Cun Kou. In deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the You hour, selecting Zhiyin, the Jing-Well Metal point. Metal generates Water, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Shen hour, selecting Shugu, the Shu-Stream Wood point. Water generates Wood, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian belongs to Gui Water. It starts at Yongquan and ends at Yufu. It has abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving them during the You hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Hunger without desire to eat, face black as charcoal, hemoptysis with coughing/sputum, labored breathing, sitting but wanting to stand, vision blurred as if seeing nothing, heart feeling empty like hunger, Qi deficiency leading to fearfulness and palpitations as if someone were chasing, known as Bone Jue.
Diseases governed by the Kidney: Oral heat, dry tongue, swollen throat, rebellious Qi, dry and painful throat, vexation, heart pain, jaundice, intestinal dysentery, pain in the spine and posterior medial thigh, flaccidity/Jue-cold with somnolence, heat and pain in the sole of the foot. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is twice as large as the Ren Ying. In deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying.
Tonification uses the Xu hour, selecting Fuli, the Jing-River Metal point. Metal generates Water, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the You hour, selecting Yongquan, the Jing-Well Wood point. Water generates Wood, drain the child in excess.

The Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian pairs with the Kidney and belongs to Ministerial Fire. It starts at Tianchi and ends at Zhongchong. It has abundant Blood and scarce Qi, receiving them during the Xu hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Heat in the palm, spasm and stiffness of the elbow and arm, axillary swelling. In severe cases, chest and hypochondriac fullness, palpitations, or violent heart beating, red face, yellow eyes, incessant laughter.
Diseases governed by vessels: Vexation, heart pain, heat in the palm. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is one time larger than the Ren Ying. In deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying.
Tonification uses the Hai hour, selecting Zhongchong, the Jing-Well Wood point. Wood generates Fire, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Xu hour, selecting Daling, the Shu-Stream Earth point. Fire generates Earth, drain the child in excess.

The Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian pairs with the Pericardium and belongs to Ministerial Fire. It starts at Guanchong and ends at Ermen, with abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving them during the Hai hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Deafness, muffled hearing, swollen throat and throat obstruction.
Diseases governed by Qi: Sweating, pain in the outer canthus, cheek pain, pain in the ear posterior, shoulder, nu, elbow, and lateral arm, inability to use the ring and little fingers. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is one time larger than the Cun Kou. In deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the Zi hour, selecting Zhongzhu, the Shu-Stream Wood point. Wood generates Fire, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Hai hour, selecting Tianjing, the He-Sea Earth point. Fire generates Earth, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian belongs to Jia Wood. It starts at Tongziliao and ends at Qiaoyin. It has abundant Qi and scarce Blood, receiving them during the Zi hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Bitter taste in the mouth, frequent sighing, heart and flank pain, inability to turn sideways, in severe cases, face appearing dusty, body lacking luster, abnormal heat on the lateral foot, known as heat at the anterior lateral malleolus.
Diseases governed by bones: Pain at the temple and jaw, pain in the outer canthus, swelling and pain in the supraclavicular fossa, axillary swelling, scrofula (horse knife and挟 ying), sweating with chills, malaria, pain in the chest, flank, rib, thigh, lateral knee to the fibular head (Juegu), anterior lateral malleolus, and various joints, inability to use the ring and little fingers. In excess, the Ren Ying pulse is one time larger than the Cun Kou. In deficiency, the Ren Ying pulse is actually smaller than the Cun Kou.
Tonification uses the Chou hour, selecting Xiaxi, the Ying-Spring Water point. Water generates Wood, tonify the mother in deficiency. Both Qiuxu (Yuan-Source) and this point are selected.
Drainage uses the Zi hour, selecting Yangfu, the Jing-River Fire point. Wood generates Fire, drain the child in excess.

The Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian belongs to Yi Wood. It starts at Dadun and ends at Qimen. It has abundant Blood and scarce Qi, receiving them during the Chou hour.
Diseases caused by movement: Low back pain preventing bending and stretching, hernia in men, lower abdominal swelling in women, in severe cases, dry throat, dusty complexion losing luster.
Diseases governed by the Liver: Chest fullness, vomiting and rebellious Qi, profuse diarrhea, fox hernia, enuresis, strangury. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is one time larger than the Ren Ying; in deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is actually smaller than the Ren Ying.
Tonification uses the Yin hour, selecting Ququan, the He-Sea Water point. Water generates Wood, tonify the mother in deficiency.
Drainage uses the Chou hour, selecting Xingjian, the Ying-Spring Fire point. Wood generates Fire, drain the child in excess.