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(For children, acupuncture uses filiform needles. Moxa cones should be the size of a wheat grain or a sparrow's egg.)

*Zhenjiu Baojian* (Treasure Mirror of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) states: For acute and chronic convulsive disorders (Ji Man Jing Feng), moxibustion is applied to Qian Ding (GV20). If there is no improvement, San Zhu (BL2) and Ren Zhong (GV26) are moxibusted, three moxa cones each.

I (Gao Wu) suspect that acute convulsion belongs to the Liver system, while chronic convulsion belongs to the Spleen system. *Baojian* does not distinguish between them, merely mentioning moxibustion on Qian Ding and Can Zhu. These two acupoints belong to the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and the Du Vessel (Governor Vessel), respectively; the rationale for this is unclear to me.

For pediatric chronic convulsive disorder, Chi Ze (LU5) is moxibusted, seven cones on each side. For newborns suffering from umbilical wind with mouth contraction (Neonatal Tetanus), Ran Gu (KI2) is moxibusted with three cones. Alternatively, needle insertion to a depth of 0.3 cun without bleeding yields immediate effect.

Pediatric wind epilepsy manifests first with fingers curling as if counting objects. Moxibustion is applied to the depression in the midline of the nasal bridge directly at the hairline, three cones. Pediatric convulsive epilepsy manifests first with fright and crying. Moxibustion is applied to the center of the hair whorl on the vertex, three cones, and also to the blue collateral vessels behind the ears. For pediatric pi qi (abdominal masses) that persist for a long time, Zhang Men (LR13) is moxibusted, seven cones on each side. The midpoint of the spine posterior to the umbilicus is moxibusted with fourteen cones. For pediatric hypochondriac fullness, dysentery, heavy body, limbs unable to hold themselves, abdominal accumulations, abdominal pain with loss of appetite, phlegm-malaria with alternating chills and fever, and also for abdominal distension radiating to the back, increased food intake but gradual emaciation and yellowing, moxibustion is applied to both sides of the lower aspect of the eleventh thoracic vertebra, one inch and five fen from the midline, seven cones on each side. For pediatric jaundice, three cones are used. For pediatric gan syndrome with emaciation and rectal prolapse, characterized by thin body, thirst with drinking, haggard appearance, and failure of various prescriptions, moxibustion is applied to the depression three cun above the coccygeal tip, three cones. Additionally, bathing in water boiled with poplar branches during the "Sanfu" (dog days) period is recommended. Moxibustion is performed at noon. After self-moxibustion, wiping with cloth reveals giardia-like parasites excreted with sweat. This method is miraculous. For pediatric emaciation, ben tun (fleeing gas) with abdominal distension, laxity of limbs, inability to lift shoulders and back, Zhang Men (LR13) is moxibusted. For pediatric vomiting of milk, Zhong Ting (CV17) is moxibusted with one cone. For pediatric rectal prolapse with bloody stool, where late autumn treatment is ineffective, Gui Wei (GV1) is moxibusted with one cone. For rectal prolapse, Qi Zhong (CV8) is moxibusted with three cones. *Qianjin Fang* states: use the number of cones corresponding to the child's age (Sui Nian Zhuang). For chronic rectal prolapse that does not heal, as well as wind epilepsy, stroke, opisthotonos, excessive crying, inappropriate speech, irregular onset, and profuse salivation during severe attacks, Bai Hui (GV20) is moxibusted with seven cones.

(Performing acupuncture or moxibustion before illness occurs is called "Ni" (Reversal/Preemptive). "Ni" means anticipating and intercepting what has not yet arrived.)

Newborns without disease should not undergo preemptive acupuncture or moxibustion. If done so, it causes the five zang organs to endure pain and disturbance, thereby predisposing them to epilepsy. The regions of Heluo and Guanzhong have cold land and climate; moxibustion there harms children. Therefore, rural children are allowed to grow naturally, avoiding premature death and accidental injury.