味甘，无毒。主益气，补不足。关西谓之糜子米，亦谓 米。古者取其香可爱，
故以供祭祀。
味甘，平，无毒。杀鬼气，止痛，逐水，除胃中热，下瘀血，解诸药毒。作豆腐
即寒而动气。
味甘酸，平，无毒。主下水，排脓血，去热肿，止泻痢，通小便。解小麦毒。
味甘，无毒。主消渴。勿与盐煮食之。出在回回地面，苗似豆，今田野中处
处有之。
味甘寒，无毒。主热中，消渴。止下痢，去腹胀。产妇无乳汁，烂煮三五升食
之，即乳多。
味甘，微寒，无毒。主除热，止烦躁，消渴，咽干，利小便，养肝气，止痛，唾
血。
味咸，温、微寒，无毒。主消渴，除热，益气，调中，令人多热，为五谷长。《
药性论》云∶能消化宿食，破冷气。
Bitter in flavor, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats cough with reverse qi (coughing and wheezing), cholera, relieves restlessness and thirst, and clears heat.
Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies qi and supplements deficiencies. In the Guanxi region, it is called millet grain, also referred to as [specific] rice. In ancient times, its pleasant aroma was valued, so it was used for sacrificial offerings.
Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Tonifies the middle jiao and benefits qi. The grains are harder than other rices. Originates from the local area.
Sweet and cold in flavor, non-toxic. Primarily treats erysipelas, urticaria, and vexatious heat; harmonizes the five zang organs and promotes the flow of meridians.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Regulates the middle jiao, warms the stomach and intestines, and assists the meridians. Suitable for consumption by patients with kidney disease.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Expels evil qi (pathogenic influences), alleviates pain, promotes water metabolism, clears heat from the stomach, expels blood stasis, and resolves toxicity from various herbs. If processed into tofu, it becomes cold in nature and may disturb qi movement.
Sweet and sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily promotes diuresis and drains downward, expels pus and blood, removes heat-induced swelling, stops diarrhea and dysentery, and unblocks urination. Resolves toxicity associated with wheat.
Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Primarily treats diabetes mellitus (xiao ke). Should not be boiled or eaten with salt. Originates from Western Regions regions; the plant resembles beans and is now found everywhere in fields.
Sweet and cold in flavor, non-toxic. Primarily treats heat in the middle jiao and diabetes mellitus. Stops dysentery and removes abdominal distension. For postpartum women with insufficient lactation, boiling and consuming three to five sheng of this ingredient will increase milk production.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Harmonizes Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive qi), regulates the middle jiao, and benefits qi.
Sweet in flavor, slightly warm in nature. Primarily regulates the middle jiao. Its leaves primarily treat persistent vomiting and diarrhea due to cholera.
Sweet in flavor, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily clears heat, stops restlessness, treats diabetes mellitus, dry throat, promotes urination, nourishes liver qi, alleviates pain, and treats hemoptysis.
Salty in flavor, warm or slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats diabetes mellitus, clears heat, tonifies qi, regulates the middle jiao, generates internal heat, and is considered the leader among the five grains. *Yao Xing Lun* states: It can digest retained food and break up cold qi.
Sweet in flavor, neutral and cold in nature, non-toxic. Firms the stomach and intestines and boosts physical strength. Long-term consumption may stir wind qi, causing dizziness. Consuming it with pork may lead to wind-heat disorders and loss of eyebrows and beard.
Sweet in flavor, very cold in nature, non-toxic. Treats deficiency fatigue, lubricates the stomach and intestines, moves wind qi, unblocks blood vessels, removes head wind, and moistens the skin. Eat one ge raw after meals. Feeding it to nursing mothers ensures the infant remains healthy.