(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Primarily nourishes the spirit and benefits qi, making the body robust and strong; detoxifies medicinal poisons; treats leukorrhea (red discharge) in women.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily directs qi downward, dispels wind-cold from the zang-fu organs, eliminates phlegm, and detoxifies meat poisons.
(Taste) pungent, nature hot, toxic. Primarily expels pathogenic factors causing cough and rebellious qi, warms the middle jiao, directs cold qi downward, and resolves damp-bi syndrome.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats cold-rebellious stomach with vomiting, cholera-like disorder (huoluan), abdominal pain, and resolves alcohol toxicity.
(Taste) sweet, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily regulates cold qi in the Bladder and Kidney meridians, harmonizes the middle to relieve pain, and stops vomiting.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Strengthens the spleen and stimulates appetite, warms the middle jiao, tonifies the Kidney organ, and detoxifies fish and meat poisons.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Stops thirst, opens the stomach appetite, directs phlegm downward, and breaks up cold accumulations.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Treats heart and abdominal pain, stops vomiting, tonifies the Stomach, directs qi downward, and dissipates alcohol toxicity.
(Taste) sweet and pungent, nature greatly hot, toxic. Treats cold-heat conditions of the heart and abdomen, cold phlegm, and promotes the free flow of Liver and Lung qi.
(Taste) pungent and bitter, nature cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats nodular accumulations in the heart and abdomen, directs qi downward and invigorates blood, and dispels wind-heat.
Taste pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Warms the middle jiao and directs qi downward, supplements soreness/pain in the waist and feet, aids digestion, and removes cold from the Stomach.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats deficiency-wasting with cold diarrhea, undigested food retention, and directs qi downward.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Aids digestion and directs qi downward, removes distension and fullness in the heart and abdomen, and promotes appetite.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Harmonizes various herbs and resolves multiple toxins.
Taste pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Aids digestion, treats insufficiency of the five zang organs, and detoxifies fish and meat poisons.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm-hot, non-toxic. Primarily treats cough and rebellious qi in the chest and diaphragm, stops abdominal pain, treats cholera-like disorders, and relieves distension/fullness.
(Taste) pungent, slightly warm. Primarily treats headache due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), cough with rebellious ascending qi, stops vomiting, and clears the spirit.
(Taste) sour, nature warm, non-toxic. Benefits qi, supplements essence, warms the middle, moistens the Lungs, nourishes the zang-fu organs, and strengthens yin.
(Taste) bitter, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats Kidney organ deficiency-cold, abdominal and hypochondriac distension/fullness, and treats Bladder diseases.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Strengthens the spleen, benefits qi, and warms the middle. Used when pickling fish and meat.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Opens the stomach appetite and directs qi downward. Used in baking sesame cakes (shaobing); extremely fragrant and delicious.