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The flesh of the leopard has a sour taste, is neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It calms the five Zang organs (Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Kidney), nourishes severe injuries or deficiencies, strengthens sinews and bones, and fortifies willpower and vital energy. Long-term consumption makes one vigorous but prone to forgetfulness; its nature is coarse and sparse, enabling resistance to cold and heat. It should not be eaten in the first lunar month as it damages the Shen (Spirit). The commentary in *Tang Bencao* states: "The imperial procession uses leopard tails, valuing them for their majesty and solemnity." The brain of the earth leopard can treat lower back pain.

The flesh of the sika deer has a sweet taste, is neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It tonifies the human body.

The flesh of the elk has a sweet taste, is neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It primarily treats the five types of hemorrhoids; excessive consumption may aggravate chronic diseases.

The flesh of the muntjac is non-toxic and warm in nature. It resembles muntjac meat but has a fishy odor; consuming it provides immunity against snake venom.

The flesh of the wolf is warm in nature and slightly toxic. According to *Ri Hua Zi*, it is warm-natured, tonifies deficiency and fatigue, and treats malignant sores and scabies.

The flesh of the wild boar has a sweet taste, is warm in nature, and non-toxic. It treats various poisonings caused by beasts, snakes, and insects (Gu poison), repels miasma, and prevents getting lost in mountains when consumed.

The horn of the rhinoceros has a bitter and salty taste, is slightly cold in nature, and non-toxic. It treats hundred poisons, Gu Zhu (a contagious disease attributed to evil spirits or miasma), evil ghosts, and miasma; it kills Gouwen (Aconitum ferox), Zhen Yu (poisonous bird feathers), and snake venom. It treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) and plague. There are several grades of rhinoceros horns: Mountain Rhinoceros Horn, Tongtian Rhinoceros Horn, Bidust Rhinoceros Horn, Water Rhinoceros Horn, and Zhenwei Rhinoceros Horn.

The flesh of the fox has a salty taste, is hot in nature, and non-toxic. It tonifies the five Zang organs, thickens the intestines and stomach, and fills the essence and marrow. Those with cold accumulation in the abdomen should eat it. Its nutritional value surpasses that of dog meat. The skin of the wild wolf's throat pouch, cooked into leather strips, tied tightly around the head, treats headaches. The skin of the wild wolf, tanned into foreign-style leather, provides great warmth. The tail of the wild wolf, worn on the horse's chest, repels evil and prevents the horse from being startled. The teeth of the wild wolf, worn on the person, repel evil.

The flesh of the rabbit has a pungent taste, is neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It tonifies the Middle Jiao and benefits Qi. It should not be eaten in excess, as it damages sexual function, obstructs blood vessels, and causes sallow complexion. It must not be eaten with ginger or citrus, as this may cause sudden heart pain. Pregnant women should avoid it, as it may cause cleft lip in the fetus. It should not be eaten in the second lunar month, as it damages the Spirit. Rabbit liver primarily improves vision. The heads and fur of rabbits caught in the twelfth lunar month, burned to ash and taken with wine, treat difficult labor, retained placenta, and lochia stagnation.

The marmot is also known as the ground squirrel. It has a sweet taste and is non-toxic. It treats wild chicken sores and is beneficial when boiled and eaten. It grows in mountain marshes. People in the north dig it up for food; although fat, it yields no oil when boiled, and the soup is flavorless. Excessive consumption is hard to digest and slightly generates Qi stagnation. The skin, made into foreign-style leather, resists moisture and is very warm. The skull, with the mandible removed but teeth kept intact, treats infants who cannot sleep; hanging it near the head induces sleep.