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Whenever a patient with smallpox (or measles, here referring to 麻/麻疹) loses their appetite, it is because the stomach has been invaded by pathogenic factors. Whether this occurs on the third or fourth day, or the fifth or sixth day, it causes no harm. One must absolutely not attempt to treat the anorexia specifically; instead, one should only clear Stomach Fire. Once the rash has fully erupted, the patient will naturally be able to gradually resume eating grain foods. If after the eruption of the rash there is Blood deficiency and Spleen weakness leading to loss of appetite, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Maiya (Sprouted Hordeum Fructus) and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) is suitable for treatment. If the patient desires water, it may be given in small amounts, so that the toxic heat will gradually resolve. This is because the rash is characterized as Excess Heat; from onset to resolution, patients invariably prefer cold water, and this should not be prohibited.

When the rash is initially hot but has not yet erupted, and the eyes appear moist like water, this is a normal manifestation. If there is excessive ocular discharge and tearing, it indicates Fire in the Liver and Spleen; regardless of whether it occurs before or after the eruption, clearing Heat is always appropriate. Before the eruption, redness of the sclera indicates Heat in the Lungs, which will resolve spontaneously once the rash erupts. After the rash subsides, if the sclera remains red, it signifies that Lung Fire has not yet exhausted itself, and clearing the Lungs and purging Fire is indicated. If, after the rash subsides, exposure to Wind-Cold leads to redness, ulceration, and tearing of the eye sockets, dispersing Wind and resolving toxicity should be performed urgently. Delaying treatment will result in lifelong complications. If residual toxins enter the eyes after the rash subsides, causing membranes to obscure the pupils, or resulting in conditions such as "pearl eye" or "crab eye," Sun's Xi Gan San (Liver-Washing Powder) should be used. Additionally, for macules/craters entering the eyes causing visual obstruction, Tong Shen San (Spirit-Passing Powder) is used. For residual toxins damaging the eyes, Ming Mu Fang (Bright-Eye Prescription) is employed.

The nose is the orifice of the Lungs; when Lung Qi is clear, the rash emerges easily. If the nose is dry without mucus, it indicates extreme internal heat causing nasal congestion and blockage. Whether observed early or late in the course, this constitutes a severe condition. Alternatively, mucus may be temporarily absent or initially absent, returning as clear mucus once the heat recedes. Or, due to heat toxins, nasal discharge may become dry and crusted, appearing as if there is no mucus; these are all cases of heat-toxin blockage, requiring urgent clearing of heat and detoxification. Once sneezing occurs, mucus flows, and the nasal orifice opens, the toxin is resolved. If toxic fire rushes upward, carrying blood along with Lung Qi, epistaxis (nosebleed) occurs. However, epistaxis contains the principle of dispersion, allowing toxins to exit through bleeding; thus, stopping the bleeding is unnecessary, provided it does not become excessive. Excessive bleeding leads to Blood depletion and Yin exhaustion. In cases of severe epistaxis, Fa Hui San (Hair-Ash Powder) should be insufflated into the nose externally, while Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) is administered internally to stop the bleeding. Another symptom is alar flaring (nasal flapping), indicating impending failure of Lung Qi. Once wheezing, chest fullness, and rattling phlegm appear, the condition is incurable. However, if the throat is clear, there is no wheezing, and mental spirit remains intact, treating with moistening the Lungs and clearing phlegm may offer hope for survival in critical cases.