上应展星。民病胸中痛，肋支满两肋痛，膺背肩胛间及两臂内痛，皆心主色络之病也。上文岁火太过，此岁
火不及，其病相同。郁冒膝 ，水制其火，湿热病也。心痛暴喑，心气寒而不舒也。胸腹
大，火气虚而水逆也，胁下与膺背相引而痛，甚则屈不能伸，髋髀如别，乃骨之大会不得君火之游行也。水
火皆病，阴阳互陈，故上应荧惑辰星。丹，火色也，火虽不及，始屈终复，故谷之成熟，其
色则丹复。如水盛火郁，而火之子土又克水也，故复则埃郁，埃，
土也，郁，蒸也。土气郁蒸则地气上升，故大雨且至。黑气，水气也，辱，下也，土制其水，故黑气乃下。
病溏腹满，食饮不下，寒中肠鸣，泄注腹痛，是土制其水，水气不行，病在内也。暴挛痿痹，足不任身，
是土制其，水病在外也。土复水准，故上应镇星、辰星。侮反受邪，故玄谷不成。此岁火不及而有气交之变也。
岁土不及，风乃大行，化气不令，草木茂荣，飘扬而甚，秀而不实，上应岁星。民
病飧泄霍乱，体重腹痛，筋骨繇复，肌肉 酸，善怒，脏气举事，蛰虫早附，咸病寒中，
上应岁星、镇星，其谷黔。复则收政严峻，各木苍凋，胸肋暴病，下引少腹，善太息，
虫食甘黄，气客于脾，黔谷乃减，民食少失味，苍谷乃损，上应太
白，岁星。上临厥阴，流水不冰，蛰虫来见，脏气不用，白乃不复，上应岁星，民乃康。
末藏，如字。
岁土不及，则风木之气乘而侮之，故风乃大行。化气，土气也，化气不令，土气衰也，草木茂荣，飘扬
而甚，木气盛也。秀而不实，土气虚也。木气有余，故上应岁星。民病飧泄霍乱，体重腹痛，土气病也。
筋骨繇复，肌肉眶酸，风气胜也。善怒，脏气举事，言善怒，乃肝脏之气举而用事也。蛰，藏也，蛰虫早附，
乃木气有余，藏虫早附而出也。凡此民病，皆木制其土，土湿内逆，故咸病寒中，土木皆病，故上应岁星
镇星。土虽不及，始屈终复，故谷之成熟，其色则黔。复如木盛土郁，而土之子金，又克木也，故复
则收政严峻，金气盛矣，名木苍凋，木气衰矣。其在于人，病胸肋暴痛，下引少腹，肝木病也。善太息，
胆气逆也。风木气郁则生虫，故虫食甘黄，而气客于脾，虫食甘黄则黔谷乃减。气客于脾则民食少失味。
始焉木盛，既则金复，故苍谷乃损，上应太白、岁星。厥阴风木也，岁土不及，风乃大行，故上临厥阴。
厥阴上临则风木生动，故流水不冰，蛰虫来见，生而不藏，故脏气不用。此上临厥阴，金气不复，故白乃
不复，木气有余，故上应岁星。胜而不复，故民乃康。此岁土不及，而有岁交之变也。
岁金不及，炎火乃行，生气乃用，长气专胜，庶物以茂，燥烁以行，上应荧惑星。民病
肩背瞀重，鼽嚏血便注下，收气乃后，上应太白星，其谷坚芒。复则寒雨暴至，乃零冰雹霜
雪杀物，阴厥且格，阳反上行，头脑户痛，延及囟顶发热，上应辰星，丹谷不成，民病口疮，甚则心痛。
岁金不及，则火热之气乘而侮之，故炎火乃行。生气，木气也，金不平木，故生气乃用。长气，火
气也，火气有余，故长气专胜。长气专胜，则蔗物以茂而燥烁以行，燥烁，火热之气也，火气
盛故上应荧惑星。民病肩背瞀重鼽嚏，皆肺病也。血便注下，火热盛也。收气乃后，金不及也。金虽不及，
乃为岁主，故上应太白星。其谷成熟，则坚芒。复，如火盛金郁，而金之子水，又克火也，故复则寒雨暴
至。乃零，水气盛也，冰雹霜雪杀物，水寒之变也。水寒属阴，阴寒之极，故阴厥且格，格，拒也，阴极
而拒阳也。阴极拒阳，阳无所容，故阳反上行，致头之脑户痛，而延及脑顶，身且发热。水气盛，故上应
辰星，水盛火衰，故丹谷不成。迫火行外，故民病口疮，甚则心痛。此岁金不及，而有岁气之变也。
岁水不及，湿乃大行，长气反用，其化乃速，暑雨数至，上应镇星。民病腹满身重，
濡泄塞疡流水，腰股痛发， 股膝不便，烦宽足痿清厥，脚下痛，甚则跗肿，脏气不政，
肾气不衡，上应辰星，其谷 。上临太阴，则大寒数举，蛰虫早藏，地积坚冰，阳光
不治，民病寒疾于下，甚则腹满浮肿，上应镇星，其呈 谷。复则大风暴发，草偃木零，生长
不鲜，面色时变，筋骨并辟，肉 螈，目视KT KT ，物疏璺，肌肉胗发，气并膈中，
痛于心腹，黄气乃损，其吞不登，上应岁星。
数，音朔，便，平声，藏，如字，璺，音问。
岁火不及，则土湿之气乘而侮之，故湿乃大行。长气，火气也，水不平火，故长气反用。化气，土
气也，土气有余，故其化乃速。湿气上升则雨，长气反用化气乃速，故暑雨数至。土气盛，故
上应镇星。民病腹满身重，土湿太过水不行也。濡泄寒疡流水，土
湿太过水下泄也。腰股痛发， 股膝不便，土湿太过关节不利也。烦冤，土湿太过火气郁也。足痿清厥，
脚下痛，寒湿之气下凝也，甚则跗肿，凝而不散也。脏气不政，肾气不衡，冬令水阴之气失职也。水虽不及，
乃为岁主，故上应辰星，而 谷成熟， ，黑黍也。太阴，湿土也，岁木不及，湿乃大行，故上临太阴。
太阴上临，则土湿阴寒，故大寒数举。寒性凝敛，故蛰虫早藏，寒湿过甚故地积坚冰，而阳光不治。民病寒
疾于下，湿在下也，甚则腹满，湿在中也，浮肿湿在上也。太阴上临，故上应镇星。谷之成熟，其
色则 ，故其主 谷。复，如土盛水郁，而水之子木又克土也。故复则大风暴发，草偃木零，风气胜也。生
长不鲜，面色时变，土气虚也。辟，刑也，筋骨并辟，内 螈，言水木气复，而木主之筋，水主之骨，其气
相并而克土，则土受刑，而肉 螈， 螈，动跃不宁也。挠万物者，莫疾乎凤，风气胜，故目视KT KT ，
而气血不和。物疏璺，而形体不固，疏璺，犹破裂也。肌肉疹发，土虚风胜也。气并膈中，痛于心腹，
乃风木之气，并逆于胸膈之中，不从上出，反下逆而痛于心腹之间。土受木刑，故黄气乃损，黄气，土气
也。其主 谷者，至此则其谷不登。水郁木复，故上应岁星。此岁水不及，而有气交之变也。
帝曰∶善。愿闻其时也。
运气不及之理既明，帝故善之。一岁四时，亦有太过不及，故愿闻其时。
岐伯曰∶悉乎哉问也！木不及，春有鸣条律畅之化，则秋有雾露清凉之政，春
有惨凄残贼之胜，则夏有炎暑燔烁之复。其眚东，其藏肝，其病内舍 胁，外在关节。
五运之气而论其时可谓悉矣。四时之气，贵得其平，有胜则有复。试以木之不及言之，木气主春，
春有鸣条律畅之化，则秋有雾落清凉之政，此木气自和，无胜则无复也。若春有惨凄残贼之胜，金胜木矣，
则夏有炎暑燔烁之复，木之子火复胜而克金也。春木位于东，故其眚东。东方属肝，故其藏肝。
胁者，肝之部，故其病
内舍 胁。关节者，筋之属，故外在关节。
火不及，夏有炳明光显之化，则冬有严肃霜寒之政，夏有惨凄凝冽之胜，
则不时有埃昏大雨之复。其眚南，其藏心，其病内含膺胁，外在经络。
试以火之不及言之，夏有炳明光显之化，则冬有严肃霜寒之政，无胜则无复也，夏有惨凄凝冽之胜，
水胜火矣。土王四季，不拘其时，则不时有埃昏大雨之复，火之子土复胜而克水也。夏火位于南，故其眚南，
南方属心，故其藏心。膺胁者，心色之部，故其病内舍膺胁。经络者，心色之主，故外在经络。
土不及，四维有埃云润泽之化，则春有鸣条鼓拆之政，四维发振拉飘腾之变，则秋有肃
杀霖霾之复。其眚四维，其藏脾，其病内舍心腹，外在肌肉四肢。
试以上之不及言之，土位中央，气灌四旁，故曰四维，四维有埃云润泽之化，则春有鸣条鼓拆之政，无
胜则无复也。四维发振拉飘腾之变，木胜土矣，则秋有肃杀霖霪之复，土之子金，复胜而克
木也。土灌四旁，故其眚四维。中央属脾，故其藏脾。腹者，脾之部，心腹者，心之下皆腹也，故其病内
舍心腹。肌肉四肢，脾所主也，故外在肌肉四肢。
金不及，夏有光显郁蒸之令，则冬有严凝整肃之应，夏有炎烁
燔燎之变，则秋有冰雹霜雪之夏。其眚西，其藏肺，其病内含膺胁肩背，外在皮毛。
试以金之不及言之，夏有光显郁蒸之令，则冬有严凝整肃之应，无胜则无复也。夏有炎烁燔燎之变，火
胜金矣，则秋有冰雹霜雪之复，金之子水复胜而克火也。秋金位于西，故其眚西，西方属肺，故其藏肺。肺脉
起于中焦，上膈属肺，出腋至臂，气盛有余则肩背痛，故其病内舍膺胁肩背。皮毛者，肺之合，故外在皮毛。
水不及，四维有湍润埃云之化，则不时有和风生发之应，四维
发埃昏骤注之变，则不时有飘荡振拉之复。其眚北，其藏肾，其病内舍腰脊骨髓，外在溪谷 膝。
试以水之不及言之，四维有湍润埃云之化，则不时有和风生发之应，无胜则无复矣。四维发埃昏骤注
之变，土胜水也，则不时有飘荡振拉之复，水之子木复胜而克土也。冬水位于北，故其眚北。北方属肾，
故其藏肾。肾主骨髓，腰脊者肾之府，故其病内舍腰脊骨髓。《阴阳应象大论》云∶溪谷属肾。又肾脉从
至膝，故外在溪谷 膝。《至真要大论》云∶初气终三气，胜之常也，四气尽终气，复之常也。故上文木
言春，火言夏，土言四维，至金则不言秋而言夏，水不言冬而言四维。是岁半以上主胜气，岁半以下主复
气，所以申明主时之气，胜复在一岁之内，而不同主岁之气也。
夫五运之政，犹权衡也，高者抑之，下者举之，化者应之，变
者复之，此生长化成收藏之理，气之常也，失常则天地四塞矣。
藏，如字，末藏之灵室藏，字同。
主岁之气有太过不及，主时之气有太过有不及。上文言太过而不及在其中，故夫五运之政，贵得其平，
犹权衡也。高者抑之，无太过矣。下者举之，无不及矣。德化之常必有应，故化者应之。非时之变必有复，故
变者复之。此生长化成收藏四时五行之理，乃运气之常也。如失常则天地四塞而不顺序矣。所以申明不可
太过，不可不及也。
故曰∶天地之动静，神明为之纪，阴阳之往复，寒暑彰其兆，此之谓也。
《五营运大论》帝引《阴阳应象大论》之言，谓天地之动静，神明为之纪，阴阳之升降，寒暑彰其兆。
兹岐伯引之以明四时之应，即天地之动静，而神明为之纪，五气之变，即阴阳之往复，而
寒暑彰其兆，故曰此之谓也。
此一节言五运之政，四时之气，贵得其平，太过不及而有气交之变也。
帝曰∶夫子之言五气之变，四时之应，可谓悉矣。夫气之动
乱，触遇而作，发无常会，卒然灾合，何以期之？
卒，音促，下俱同。
上文言五气之变，应于四时，帝承上文之意，谓气之变也，卒然而至，人居天地之中，何以期之？
岐伯曰∶夫气之动变，固不常在，而德化政令，灾变不同其候也。
动变，犹动乱，承帝问而言。夫气之动乱，触遇而作，发无常
会，固不常在，而德化政令之气则有常，与动乱之灾变，而不同其候也。
帝曰∶何谓也？
何以德化政令灾变不同其候？
岐伯曰∶东方生风，风生本，其德散和，其化生荣，其政舒
启，其令风，其变振发，其灾散落。
德化政令灾变，皆有常候，知常则知变矣。《五营运大论》云∶东方生风，风生木，其德敷和，即知
其德为和也。其化生荣，即其化为荣也。其政舒启，即其政为散也。其令风，即其令宣发也。其变振发，
即其变振拉也。其灾散落，即其眚为损也。辞意与五营运大论相同，下四方亦然。
南方生热，热生火，其德彰显。
五营运大论云∶其德为显。
其化蕃茂。
即其化为茂。
其政明曜。
即其政为明。
其令热。
即其令郁蒸。
其变销烁。
五营运同。
其灾燔 。
其眚燔 。
中央生湿，湿生土，其德溽蒸。
即其德为濡。
其化丰备。
即其化为盈。
其政安静。
即其政为谧。
其令湿。
即其云雨。
其变骤注。
即其变动注。
其灾霖溃。
即其眚淫渍。
西方生燥，燥生金，其德清洁。
即其德为清。
其化紧敛。
即其化为敛。
其政劲切。
即其政为劲。
其令燥。
西方生燥故也。
其变肃杀。
五营运同。
其灾苍陨。
即其眚苍落。
北方生寒，寒生水，其德凄沧。
即其德为寒。
其化清谧。
即其化为肃。
其政凝肃。
即其政静。
其令寒。
即其令严贞。
其变 冽。
即其变凝冽。
其灾冰雪霜雹。
五营运但言其眚冰雹。
是以察其动也，有德有化，有政有令，有变有灾，而物由之，而人应之也。
德化政令灾变乃四时气机之动，不可不察。是以察其动也，则有德有化，有政有令，有有灾，而物
由之以生长化收藏，而人应之以生长壮老已。察其气机之动，则卒然灾合，可以期之矣。
Corresponds to the stars Yinghuo (Mars) and Chenxing (Mercury). The people suffer from pain in the chest, distension and fullness in the costal region with pain in both hypochondria, pain in the anterior chest, back, scapular region, and the inner aspect of both arms. These are all diseases of the Pericardium Collateral (Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian). The preceding text discussed excessive Fire Qi of the year; this section discusses deficient Fire Qi of the year, and their pathological manifestations are identical. Dizziness and a sensation of being covered by an object occur because Water controls Fire, leading to damp-heat pathology. Sudden heart pain and aphonia result from Cold congealing the Heart Qi and preventing its free flow. Distension and fullness of the chest and abdomen occur due to deficiency of Fire Qi and counterflow of Water Qi. Pulling pain between the hypochondria and the anterior chest/back, severe stiffness preventing flexion, and a sensation that the hip and thigh joints are separated, indicate that the major meeting points of the bones fail to receive the circulating warmth of Ministerial Fire. With both Water and Fire pathologies, Yin and Yang alternate in manifestation, hence it corresponds to Yinghuo (Mars) and Chenxing (Mercury). Dan refers to red, the color of Fire. Although Fire Qi is deficient, it is initially suppressed but eventually recovers; thus, the mature grains appear red. If Water Qi is abundant and Fire Qi is constrained, yet the child element of Fire, Earth, counter-controls Water, then upon recovery, dust will rise and stagnate. Ai refers to Earth; Yu refers to steaming. When Earth Qi stagnates and steams, Earth Qi rises, so heavy rain will arrive. Hei Qi refers to Water Qi; Ru means descending. Since Earth controls Water, Hei Qi descends. Loose stools, abdominal fullness, inability to eat or drink, cold entering the middle causing borborygmus, and projectile diarrhea with abdominal pain indicate that Earth controls Water, Water Qi fails to circulate, and the disease is internal. Sudden spasms, flaccidity, and bi-syndrome, with feet unable to support the body, indicate that Earth controls Water, and the disease is external. When Earth recovers and Water levels out, it corresponds to Zhensheng (Saturn) and Chenxing (Mercury). Reverse侮 (insult) leads to receiving evil, so black grains do not mature. This describes the changes in Qi intersection due to deficient Fire Qi of the year.
When Earth Qi of the year is deficient, Wind Qi prevails greatly, Transformation Qi (Late Summer Dampness) does not govern, grasses and trees flourish luxuriantly and sway violently, flowering without fruiting, corresponding to Suixing (Jupiter). The people suffer from undigested diarrhea (Sun-xie), cholera-like disorders, heavy body, abdominal pain, trembling of sinews and bones, sore muscles, irritability, and hyperactive Liver Qi. Hibernating insects emerge early, all suffering from Cold in the Middle Jiao. It corresponds to Suixing (Jupiter) and Zhensheng (Saturn), and the associated grains are black. Upon recovery, the Contraction Policy becomes severe, tall trees wither and turn pale, sudden pain occurs in the chest and hypochondria radiating to the lower abdomen, frequent sighing, worms infest sweet and yellow foods, pathogenic Qi lodges in the Spleen, black grains decrease, people lose appetite and taste, green grains are damaged, corresponding to Toubai (Venus) and Suixing (Jupiter). If Upper Lin (superimposition) is Jueyin Wind-Wood, flowing water does not freeze, hibernating insects appear, Zang Qi is inactive, white grains do not recover, corresponding to Suixing (Jupiter), and the people become healthy. "Mo Zang" is taken literally.
When Earth Qi of the year is deficient, Wind-Wood Qi takes advantage and insults Earth, so Wind Qi prevails greatly. Transformation Qi is Earth Qi; since it does not govern, Earth Qi is weak. Grasses and trees flourish and sway violently, indicating excess Wood Qi. Flowering without fruiting indicates deficiency of Earth Qi. Excess Wood Qi corresponds to Suixing (Jupiter). Undigested diarrhea, cholera, heavy body, and abdominal pain are diseases of Earth Qi. Trembling sinews and bones, and sore muscles are due to prevailing Wind Qi. Irritability indicates hyperactive Liver Qi. "Zhe" means hiding; hibernating insects emerging early is due to excess Wood Qi disturbing hidden insects. All these diseases result from Wood controlling Earth, internal reversal of Earth-Dampness, hence Cold in the Middle Jiao. Both Wood and Earth are diseased, corresponding to Suixing (Jupiter) and Zhensheng (Saturn). Although Earth is deficient, it is initially suppressed but eventually recovers, so mature grains are black. Recovery is like Wood excess and Earth stagnation, where the child element of Earth, Metal, counter-controls Wood. Thus, upon recovery, the Contraction Policy is severe, Metal Qi is strong, tall trees wither, and Wood Qi declines. In humans, sudden pain in the chest and hypochondria radiating to the lower abdomen is Liver-Wood disease. Frequent sighing is rebellious Gallbladder Qi. Stagnant Wind-Wood generates worms, so worms infest sweet/yellow foods, lodging in the Spleen, reducing black grains. Lodging in the Spleen reduces appetite and taste. Initially Wood is excess, then Metal recovers, damaging green grains, corresponding to Toubai (Venus) and Suixing (Jupiter). Jueyin belongs to Wind-Wood; deficient Earth allows Wind to prevail, corresponding to Upper Lin Jueyin. Jueyin superimposition makes Wind-Wood active, so water doesn't freeze, insects appear, growing without storing, so Zang Qi is inactive. Here, Upper Lin Jueyin prevents Metal recovery, so white grains don't recover, Wood remains excess, corresponding to Suixing (Jupiter). Victory without recovery means the people are healthy. This describes year Qi changes due to deficient Earth Qi.
When Metal Qi of the year is deficient, Flaming Fire Qi operates, Sheng Qi (Wood Qi) functions, Chang Qi (Fire Qi) dominates exclusively, myriad things flourish, dryness and heat prevail, corresponding to Yinghuo (Mars). People suffer from heavy sensation in shoulders and back, nasal congestion, sneezing, hematochezia or projectile diarrhea, delayed Contraction Qi, corresponding to Toubai (Venus), and grains have hard awns. Upon recovery, cold rain falls suddenly, bringing hail, frost, and snow that kill living things. Extreme Yin Cold repels Yang, Yang reverses and ascends, causing pain in the brain's posterior fontanelle extending to the vertex with fever, corresponding to Chenxing (Mercury), red grains do not mature, people suffer from mouth ulcers, and severely, heart pain.
Deficient Metal allows Hot-Fire Qi to insult Metal, so Flaming Fire operates. Sheng Qi is Wood Qi; Metal does not level Wood, so Sheng Qi functions. Chang Qi is Fire Qi; excess Fire leads to exclusive dominance of Chang Qi. Exclusive dominance causes flourishing and dry-heat prevalence. Dry-heat is Hot-Fire Qi; excess Fire corresponds to Yinghuo (Mars). Heavy shoulders/back, nasal congestion, sneezing are Lung diseases. Hematochezia/diarrhea is excess Heat. Delayed Contraction Qi is deficient Metal. Although deficient, Metal is the Year Master, corresponding to Toubai (Venus). Mature grains have hard awns. Recovery is like Fire excess and Metal stagnation, where the child element of Metal, Water, counter-controls Fire. Thus, cold rain falls suddenly. "Nai Ling" indicates Water Qi abundance. Hail/frost/snow killing things is Water-Cold change. Water-Cold is Yin; extreme Yin repels Yang. Yang has no place to reside, so it ascends, causing pain in the head/vertex and fever. Abundant Water corresponds to Chenxing (Mercury); Water excess/Fire decline means red grains don't mature. Forcing Fire outward causes mouth ulcers and heart pain. This describes year Qi changes due to deficient Metal Qi.
When Water Qi of the year is deficient, Dampness prevails greatly, Chang Qi (Fire Qi) acts in reverse, transformation is rapid, summer heat and rain come frequently, corresponding to Zhensheng (Saturn). People suffer from abdominal fullness, heavy body, damp diarrhea, oozing cold sores, lumbar and thigh pain, difficulty in thighs and knees, vexation, foot flaccidity and cold reversal, sole pain, severe dorsum edema, Zang Qi failing to govern, Kidney Qi unbalanced, corresponding to Chenxing (Mercury), and grains are black millet. If Upper Lin is Taiyin Damp-Earth, great cold occurs frequently, hibernating insects hide early, ground freezes solid, sunlight cannot shine, people suffer from Cold diseases below, severe abdominal fullness and edema, corresponding to Zhensheng (Saturn), and grains are black millet. Upon recovery, great storms arise, grass bends, trees shed leaves, growth is not fresh, complexion changes frequently, sinews and bones spasm, muscles twitch, vision blurs, objects crack, muscle rashes erupt, Qi gathers in the Diaphragm, pain in heart and abdomen, Yellow Qi (Earth) is damaged, main grains do not harvest, corresponding to Suixing (Jupiter).
"Shuo" is pronounced 'shuo', "Bian" is flat tone, "Cang" is literal, "Wen" is pronounced 'wen'.
Deficient Fire allows Earth-Dampness to insult Fire, so Dampness prevails. Chang Qi is Fire Qi; Water does not level Fire, so Chang Qi acts in reverse. Hua Qi is Earth Qi; excess Earth makes transformation rapid. Rising Dampness is rain; reverse Chang Qi and rapid transformation mean frequent summer rains. Excess Earth corresponds to Zhensheng (Saturn). Abdominal fullness/heavy body is excessive Earth-Dampness blocking Water. Damp diarrhea/oozing sores is Earth-Dampness causing Water leakage. Lumbar/thigh pain/knee difficulty is Earth-Dampness blocking joints. Vexation is Earth-Dampness suppressing Fire. Foot flaccidity/cold reversal/sole pain is Cold-Damp condensing below; severe edema is stagnation. Zang/Kidney Qi imbalance is Winter Water-Yin dysfunction. Although deficient, Water is Year Master, corresponding to Chenxing (Mercury), black millet matures. Taiyin is Damp-Earth; deficient Water leads to Damp prevalence, corresponding to Upper Lin Taiyin. Taiyin superimposition brings Damp-Cold, so great cold occurs. Cold congeals, so insects hide early; excessive Cold-Damp freezes ground, blocking sunlight. Cold below is Damp below; severe fullness is Damp in middle; edema is Damp above. Taiyin corresponds to Zhensheng (Saturn). Mature grains are black, so black millet is primary. Recovery: Earth excess/Water stagnation, Water's child Wood counter-controls Earth. Great storms, bending grass/shedding trees indicate Wind excess. Growth not fresh/complexion changes indicate Earth deficiency. "Pi" means punishment; sinew/bone spasm and muscle twitching indicate Water-Wood recovery attacking Earth, punishing Earth, causing muscle twitching ("Yuan" means restless movement). Wind disturbs most quickly; Wind excess causes blurred vision and Qi-Blood disharmony. Cracked objects indicate unstable form. Muscle rashes indicate Earth deficiency/Wind excess. Qi gathering in Diaphragm/pain in heart/abdomen is Wind-Wood rebelling downward in chest/diaphragm. Earth punished by Wood, so Yellow Qi (Earth) damaged. Black millet fails to harvest. Water stagnation/Wood recovery corresponds to Suixing (Jupiter). This describes year Qi changes due to deficient Water Qi.
The Emperor said: Excellent. I wish to hear about the timing.
The principle of deficient Yun is clear, so the Emperor praises it. Each year's four seasons also have excess and deficiency, so he wishes to hear about the timing.
Qibo said: Your question is thorough! When Wood is deficient, Spring has the transformation of rustling branches and smooth flow, then Autumn has the policy of fog, dew, and coolness. If Spring has the victory of cruel and destructive wind, then Summer has the recovery of blazing heat and scorching sun. The disaster occurs in the East, the corresponding Zang is Liver, the disease resides internally in the hypochondria and externally in the joints.
Discussing Wu Yun Qi by season is thorough. Four-season Qi values balance; victory implies recovery. Taking deficient Wood as example: Wood governs Spring. Rustling branches/smooth flow in Spring means fog/coolness in Autumn, indicating self-harmony of Wood, no victory, no recovery. If Spring has cruel/destructive victory, Metal conquers Wood, so Summer has blazing heat recovery, Wood's child Fire recovers to conquer Metal. Spring Wood is in the East, so disaster is in the East. East belongs to Liver, so Zang is Liver. Hypochondria is Liver's region, so disease is internal hypochondria. Joints belong to sinews, so disease is external joints.
When Fire is deficient, Summer has the transformation of bright brilliance, then Winter has the policy of solemn frost and cold. If Summer has the victory of cruel freezing cold, then at irregular times there is recovery of dusty gloom and heavy rain. Disaster in South, Zang is Heart, disease internally in chest/hypochondria, externally in collaterals.
Taking deficient Fire: Bright Summer means solemn Winter, no victory/recovery. Cruel freezing victory means Water conquers Fire. Earth rules four seasons, irregular times see dusty/heavy rain recovery, Fire's child Earth recovers to conquer Water. Summer Fire is South, so disaster South. South belongs to Heart, so Zang is Heart. Chest/hypochondria is Heart's region, so internal disease. Collaterals are Heart's master, so external disease.
When Earth is deficient, Siwei (four corners/season ends) have dusty/cloud moistening transformation, then Spring has rustling drumming policy. Siwei shaking/swirling changes mean Autumn has solemn killing/rainy mist recovery. Disaster in Siwei, Zang is Spleen, disease internally in heart/abdomen, externally in muscles/limbs.
Taking deficient Earth: Earth is Central, Qi irrigates four sides, called Siwei. Dusty/moistening transformation means rustling Spring policy, no victory/recovery. Shaking/swirling changes mean Wood conquers Earth, Autumn has solemn/rainy recovery, Earth's child Metal recovers to conquer Wood. Earth irrigates four sides, so disaster in Siwei. Center belongs to Spleen, so Zang is Spleen. Abdomen is Spleen's region, heart-abdomen includes below heart, so internal disease. Muscles/limbs are Spleen's domain, so external disease.
When Metal is deficient, Summer has brilliant humid-steam order, then Winter has strict freezing response. Summer blazing fire changes mean Autumn has hail/frost/snow recovery. Disaster in West, Zang is Lung, disease internally in chest/hypochondria/shoulder-back, externally in skin-hair.
Taking deficient Metal: Brilliant Summer means strict Winter, no victory/recovery. Blazing fire change means Fire conquers Metal, Autumn has hail/frost/snow recovery, Metal's child Water recovers to conquer Fire. Autumn Metal is West, so disaster West. West belongs to Lung, so Zang is Lung. Lung meridian starts mid-jiao, crosses diaphragm to Lung, exits axilla to arm, excess Qi causes shoulder-back pain, so internal disease. Skin-hair is Lung's union, so external disease.
When Water is deficient, Siwei have rushing/moistening/dusty-cloud transformation, then irregularly gentle wind/generating response. Siwei dusty-heavy rain changes mean irregularly swirling/shaking recovery. Disaster in North, Zang is Kidney, disease internally in waist/spine/marrow, externally in xi-gu/knees.
Taking deficient Water: Rushing/moistening transformation means gentle wind response, no victory/recovery. Dusty-heavy rain change means Earth conquers Water, irregular swirling/shaking recovery, Water's child Wood recovers to conquer Earth. Winter Water is North, so disaster North. North belongs to Kidney, so Zang is Kidney. Kidney governs marrow, waist/spine is Kidney's mansion, so internal disease. "Xi Gu belongs to Kidney" (Yin-Yang Ying Xiang Da Lun). Kidney meridian goes to knee, so external xi-gu/knees. "Zhi Zhen Yao Da Lun" says: Initial to third Qi is usual victory, fourth to final Qi is usual recovery. Hence Wood speaks Spring, Fire speaks Summer, Earth speaks Siwei, Metal speaks Summer not Autumn, Water speaks Siwei not Winter. First half year governs Victory Qi, second half governs Recovery Qi, clarifying seasonal Qi, victory/recovery within one year, differing from Year Qi.
The administration of Five Yun is like a balance scale; high is suppressed, low is lifted, normal transformation responds, abnormal change recovers. This is the principle of growth, flourishing, transformation, storage, and collection, the constant of Qi. Loss of constancy causes Heaven and Earth to be blocked.
"Cang" is literal. "Mo Zang" spirit chamber "Cang" character same.
Year-governing Qi has excess/deficiency; Season-governing Qi has excess/deficiency. Previous text discussed excess containing deficiency. Thus, Five Yun administration values balance, like a scale. High suppressed = no excess. Low lifted = no deficiency. Virtue/Transformation constant must respond, so normal transformation responds. Non-time change must recover, so abnormal change recovers. This is the principle of Four Seasons/Five Yun growth/storage, the constant of Yun Qi. If lost, Heaven/Earth block and disorder. Thus, clarify no excess, no deficiency.
Therefore it is said: Heaven and Earth's movement/stillness, Spirit/Ming serves as record; Yin/Yang's return/advance, Cold/Heat reveals signs. This is what is meant.
"Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" Emperor quotes "Yin-Yang Ying Xiang Da Lun": Heaven/Earth movement/stillness, Spirit/Ming records; Yin/Yang ascent/descent, Cold/Heat reveals signs. Now Qibo quotes to clarify Four Season correspondence, i.e., Heaven/Earth movement, Spirit/Ming records; Five Qi changes, i.e., Yin/Yang return, Cold/Heat reveals signs. Hence "This is what is meant."
This section discusses Five Yun administration, Four Season Qi, valuing balance, excess/deficiency causing Qi intersection changes.
Emperor said: Sir's words on Five Qi changes, Four Season correspondence are thorough. But Qi's turmoil, triggered by encounter, arises without fixed time, sudden disasters combine, how to predict?
"Cu" pronounced 'cu', same below.
Previous text discussed Five Qi changes corresponding to Four Seasons. Emperor continues: Qi changes suddenly arrive. Humans live in Heaven/Earth, how to predict?
Qibo said: Qi's movement/change is indeed not constant, but Virtue/Transformation/Policy/Order, Disaster/Change differ in signs.
Movement/change is turmoil, continuing Emperor's question. Qi's turmoil, triggered by encounter, arises without fixed time, indeed not constant. But Virtue/Transformation/Policy/Order Qi is constant, differing from Turmoil/Disaster signs.
Emperor said: What do you mean?
Why do Virtue/Transformation/Policy/Order/Disaster differ in signs?
Qibo said: East generates Wind, Wind generates Wood. Its virtue is dispersing harmony, its transformation is generating flourishing, its policy is relaxing opening, its command is Wind, its change is shaking arousal, its disaster is scattering falling.
Virtue/Transformation/Policy/Order/Disaster have constant signs; knowing constant knows change. "Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" says: East generates Wind, Wind generates Wood, virtue is spreading harmony, meaning virtue is harmony. Transformation is generating flourishing, meaning transformation is flourishing. Policy is relaxing opening, meaning policy is dispersing. Command is Wind, meaning command is宣发 (disseminating). Change is shaking arousal, meaning change is shaking pulling. Disaster is scattering falling, meaning disaster is damage. Meaning same as "Wu Yun Yan Da Lun", other directions same.
South generates Heat, Heat generates Fire. Its virtue is manifesting brightness.
"Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" says: Virtue is manifest.
Its transformation is multiplying flourishing.
Meaning transformation is flourishing.
Its policy is bright shining.
Meaning policy is bright.
Its command is Heat.
Meaning command is humid-steam.
Its change is melting scorching.
"Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" same.
Its disaster is burning scorching.
Its disaster is burning scorching.
Center generates Dampness, Dampness generates Earth. Its virtue is humid steaming.
Meaning virtue is moist.
Its transformation is abundant preparation.
Meaning transformation is fullness.
Its policy is quiet stillness.
Meaning policy is tranquil.
Its command is Dampness.
Meaning cloud/rain.
Its change is sudden pouring.
Meaning change is pouring.
Its disaster is continuous flood collapse.
Meaning disaster is flooding soaking.
West generates Dryness, Dryness generates Metal. Its virtue is clean pure.
Meaning virtue is clear.
Its transformation is tight gathering.
Meaning transformation is gathering.
Its policy is strong cutting.
Meaning policy is strong.
Its command is Dryness.
Because West generates Dryness.
Its change is solemn killing.
"Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" same.
Its disaster is pale falling.
Meaning disaster is pale falling.
North generates Cold, Cold generates Water. Its virtue is desolate cold.
Meaning virtue is cold.
Its transformation is clear tranquil.
Meaning transformation is solemn.
Its policy is frozen solemn.
Meaning policy is quiet.
Its command is Cold.
Meaning command is strict chastity.
Its change is freezing cold.
Meaning change is freezing cold.
Its disaster is ice snow frost hail.
"Wu Yun Yan Da Lun" only mentions disaster hail.
Thus observing its movement, there is Virtue and Transformation, Policy and Order, Change and Disaster, and things follow from it, and people respond to it.
Virtue/Transformation/Policy/Order/Disaster are Four Season Qi mechanism movements, must observe. Thus observing movement, there is Virtue/Transformation, Policy/Order, Change/Disaster, and things follow for growth/flourishing/transformation/storage/collection, and people respond for growth/strength/aging/death. Observing Qi mechanism movement, sudden disasters can be predicted.