身痛之症，六经皆有。三阳身痛，皆是表邪；三阴身痛，皆是里寒。太阳身痛，发热无汗，
手足冷，脉浮紧，宜发汗，西北冬月麻黄汤，南方三时羌活汤；有汗脉浮缓，西北冬月桂枝
汤，南方加减防风汤。如发汗后，身痛不减，若脉仍浮紧，可再发汗；若汗后身痛不减，而
脉变迟者，切不可再发汗，宜桂枝人参芍药汤。若初起本不身痛，因发汗后反见身痛，此误
汗亡阳身痛也，黄 建中汤。又有发热面目黄，遍身疼痛，喜忘，漱水在口，不得咽下，此
上焦蓄血身痛，犀角地黄汤，加红花、赤芍药。若小腹硬满，大便或闭，或黑，此下焦蓄血
痛也，桃仁承气汤主之。夏秋中暑，多汗身疼，脉反虚而口渴，人参白虎汤。风在三阳，恶
风发热，支节烦疼，脉浮，无汗，宜羌活防风汤。风湿相搏，身体烦疼，不能转侧，口不消
水，脉浮而濡，北方冬令，桂枝附子汤，南方三时，防风神术汤。湿温身痛，汗多口渴，不
能转侧，石膏神术汤。同一身痛不能转侧，上条言风湿，口不消渴，则里无湿热，故用防风
神术温散；下条言湿温汗多口渴，则里有热矣，故用石膏神术清渗法。大凡湿痛多身重，风
痛多身轻，热痛多身汗，寒痛身多青，饮痛多呕恶，暑痛多口渴，虚痛多喜按，气痛多攻
注，风火则行走不定，时作时止，风寒则凝住一处，长痛不休，四肢常冷。另有不发热、脉
沉迟、身痛者，此三阴经阴寒身痛也，重则四逆汤，轻则理中汤。
头痛身痛症，悉系表邪。头痛条虽有痰饮、火冲二症，亦是内有痰火，外冒表邪而痛；至身
痛皆是太阳表症，家秘专以羌独汤加苏梗木通主治。更有时行暴寒雨湿，常发疫邪身痛，亦
以羌独败毒散主治。如有胸满呕吐，兼用平胃二陈汤宜散胃湿邪痰饮，同发表之药，作汗外
解。又有身痛恶寒，发热呕恶，下痢血水，亦用前方，宣散温毒之表邪，则痢自愈。误用寒
凉抑遏，则表汗不出，表邪内陷而不治。
太阳病，头痛发热，身疼腰痛，骨节疼痛，恶风无汗而喘者，麻黄汤主之。
此言太阳寒伤营之表症，故发散表邪。
伤寒六七日，发热微恶寒，肢节烦疼，微呕，心下交结，外症未去者，柴胡汤、桂枝汤主之。
太阳少阳之表邪未去，故用柴胡、桂枝二方合用，详注恶寒条。
伤寒医下之，续得下利清谷不止，身疼痛者，急当救里；后身疼痛，二便清调者，急当救
表。救里，宜四逆汤；救表，宜桂枝汤。
伤寒表症，医误下之，则下利不止，故急当救里。服后身疼痛，表邪不解，故急救表。
伤寒八九日，风湿相持，身体烦疼不能自转侧，不呕不渴，脉浮虚而涩者，桂枝附子汤主之。
身体烦疼，不能转侧，不呕不渴，寒湿之症也。脉虚而涩，寒涩之脉也。故用桂枝附子汤。
风湿相搏，骨节烦疼掣痛，不得屈伸，近之则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲去衣，
或身微肿者，甘草附子汤。
此承上章寒湿身痛，而又化出近之痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲去衣等症，故用
甘草附子汤温经散湿。若用防风神术汤，则非矣。
太阳中风，脉浮紧，发热恶寒，身疼痛，不汗出而烦躁者，大青龙汤主之。若脉微弱汗出恶
风者，不可服也。
此条详注烦躁。
太阳病，脉浮紧，无汗发热，身疼痛，八九日不解，表症仍在，此当发其汗。服药已微除，
其人发烦热、目瞑，剧者必衄，衄乃解，所以然者，阳气重故也。麻黄汤主之。
此章千古错解。麻黄汤主之一句，在当发其汗下看。详注衄血。
阳明病，初欲食，小便反不利，大便自调，其人骨节疼，翕然如有热状，奄然发狂， 然汗
出而解者，此水不胜谷气，与汗共并，脉紧则愈。
此言能食之阳明病，见小便不利，水必内停。其人骨节疼，有翕翕发热之表症，又有奄然
发狂之里症，此即水谷之寒热，故必得 然汗出，则内停水谷之邪，与汗共并而解。然必
得脉紧急有力，则能作汗自愈。
太阴中风，四肢烦疼，阳微阴涩而长者，为欲愈。太阴病脉浮者，可发汗，宜桂枝汤。
三阴经亦有伤寒中风，阳症脉长，有外传阳明之诊，故欲愈。若太阴病脉浮，则外传太
阳，故可发汗，宜桂枝汤。
少阴病，身体痛，手足寒，骨节痛，脉沉者，附子汤。
此少阴经阴症身痛，也故用附子汤。
下利腹胀满，身体疼痛者，先温其里，乃攻其表。温里，宜四逆汤；攻表，宜桂枝汤。
此条厥阴经，里有寒而下利，表有邪而身痛也。里气虚寒，风寒得入而身疼痛，故先温其
里，后攻其表。
麻黄汤 羌活汤 桂枝汤 三方见恶寒。加减法，俱详恶寒。
加减防风汤
防风 荆芥 羌活 独活 川芎 甘草 生姜 芍药 大枣
此方家秘治三时太阳经身痛头痛风湿等症。
桂枝人参芍药汤
桂枝 人参 白芍药 生姜 甘草 大枣
此方治里气虚寒，发汗后身仍痛，邪仍在，脉沉迟，不可再发汗，故以小建中汤加人参，
扶元气以逐表邪。
黄 建中汤
白芍药 甘草 桂枝 黄
此方治表虚身痛，误汗亡阳者也。前以里气虚，不能逐邪外解而痛，故用建中汤加人参。
此以表气虚，不能卫外而痛，故用建中汤加黄 。一以人参、桂枝同建功于内，逐邪于外；
一以黄 、桂枝同实表于外，固密卫阳。
四逆汤
附子 干姜 广皮 甘草
阴症身痛，四肢厥冷，以此方温里，加广皮，则阳气愈和。
理中汤 见漱水不咽。
阴症身痛，皆由中气虚寒，用理中汤，则阳气周流，表里通达。
犀角地黄汤
生犀角 山栀 生地 赤芍药 当归尾 泽兰叶 荆芥 楂肉 牡丹皮 红花
热邪不得外发，瘀热伏结血分，故发热面目皆黄，遍身疼痛。用此方清上焦之热，消上焦之血也。
桃仁承气汤 见蓄血。
人参白虎汤 见潮热。
羌活防风汤 见发黄。
防风神术汤 见头痛。
石膏神术汤
石膏 熟苍术 甘草
此湿温身痛之方。上部痛，加防风、荆芥、白芷、川芎；下部痛，加防己、秦艽、黄柏。
大青龙汤 见烦躁。
平胃发表汤 家秘治寒热胸满无汗症。
羌活 柴胡 干葛 枳朴 半夏 广皮
理肺发表汤 家秘治寒热喘咳无汗症。
羌活 柴胡 干葛 枳壳 桔梗 桑皮
上二方，家秘一以治胃主肌肉，胃家凝结，胃阳不得敷布作汗散邪；一以治肺主皮毛，肺
受外邪，皮毛闭塞不得作汗。此二条不独治身痛，凡系散邪妙诀。足冷腰痛，加独活，夜
间热，加升麻；汗少，加防风。
身痛的病症，六经都可能出现。三阳经的身痛，都是表邪所致；三阴经的身痛，都是里寒所致。太阳经身痛，表现为发热无汗，手足发冷，脉象浮紧，适宜发汗治疗，西北地区冬季用麻黄汤，南方地区三个季节用羌活汤；如果有汗且脉象浮缓，西北地区冬季用桂枝汤，南方地区三个季节用加减防风汤。如果在发汗之后，身痛没有减轻，若脉象仍然浮紧，可以再次发汗；如果发汗后身痛不减，而脉象变为迟脉，则切不可再发汗，适宜用桂枝人参芍药汤。如果起初本来不身痛，因为发汗后反而出现身痛，这是误用发汗法导致亡阳引起的身痛，用黄 建中汤。又有发热、面目发黄、遍身疼痛、健忘、想漱口但水不能咽下，这是上焦蓄血引起的身痛，用犀角地黄汤，加红花、赤芍药。如果小腹硬满，大便或者闭塞，或者色黑，这是下焦蓄血引起的疼痛，用桃仁承气汤主治。夏秋季节中暑，多汗身疼，脉象反而虚而口渴，用人参白虎汤。风邪在三阳经，恶风发热，肢节烦疼，脉象浮，无汗，适宜用羌活防风汤。风湿相互搏结，身体烦疼，不能翻身转侧，口不渴，脉象浮而濡软，北方冬季用桂枝附子汤，南方三个季节用防风神术汤。湿温病身痛，汗多口渴，不能翻身转侧，用石膏神术汤。同样是身痛不能转侧，上一条说的是风湿，口不渴，说明里没有湿热，所以用防风神术汤温散；下一条说的是湿温，汗多口渴，说明里有热，所以用石膏神术汤清渗法。大凡湿邪致痛多伴有身重，风邪致痛多伴有身轻，热邪致痛多伴有出汗，寒邪致痛身体多青紫，饮邪致痛多伴有呕吐恶心，暑邪致痛多伴有口渴，虚证致痛多喜欢按压，气滞致痛多有攻冲走注感，风火致痛则行走不定，时作时止，风寒致痛则凝住一处，长期疼痛不休，四肢常冷。另外有不发热、脉沉迟、身痛的，这是三阴经阴寒引起的身痛，重的用四逆汤，轻的用理中汤。
头痛身痛的症状，都属于表邪。头痛条文中虽然有痰饮、火冲两种症状，也是内有痰火，外受表邪而痛；至于身痛都是太阳经表症，家传秘方专门用羌独汤加苏梗木通来主治。又有时行暴寒雨湿，常常引发疫邪身痛，也用羌活败毒散主治。如果有胸满呕吐，兼用平胃二陈汤以疏散胃湿邪痰饮，配合发表的药物，通过出汗从体表解除。又有身痛恶寒，发热呕恶，下痢血水，也用前方，宣散温毒的表邪，则痢疾自愈。误用寒凉药物抑制遏阻，则表汗不出，表邪内陷而不治。
太阳病，头痛发热，身疼腰痛，骨节疼痛，恶风无汗而气喘者，用麻黄汤主治。
这是说太阳经寒伤营分的表症，所以发散表邪。
伤寒六七天，发热微恶寒，肢节烦疼，微呕，心下痞结，外症未去者，用柴胡汤、桂枝汤主治。
太阳少阳的表邪未去，所以用柴胡、桂枝两方合用，详细注解见恶寒条。
伤寒医生误用下法，接着出现下利清谷不止，身疼痛者，急当救里；后来身疼痛，二便清调者，急当救表。救里，适宜用四逆汤；救表，适宜用桂枝汤。
伤寒表症，医生误用下法，则下利不止，所以急当救里。服药后身疼痛，表邪不解，所以急救表。
伤寒八九日，风湿相持，身体烦疼不能自转侧，不呕不渴，脉浮虚而涩者，用桂枝附子汤主治。
身体烦疼，不能转侧，不呕不渴，是寒湿的病症。脉虚而涩，是寒涩的脉象。所以用桂枝附子汤。
风湿相搏，骨节烦疼掣痛，不得屈伸，靠近则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲去衣，或身微肿者，用甘草附子汤。
这是承接上一章寒湿身痛，而又衍生出靠近则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲去衣等症状，所以用甘草附子汤温经散湿。如果用防风神术汤，就不对了。
太阳中风，脉浮紧，发热恶寒，身疼痛，不汗出而烦躁者，用大青龙汤主治。如果脉微弱汗出恶风者，不可服用。
此条详细注解烦躁。
太阳病，脉浮紧，无汗发热，身疼痛，八九日不解，表症仍在，此应当发其汗。服药后症状轻微缓解，其人发烦热、目瞑，严重的必定鼻衄，衄血后乃解，之所以这样，是因为阳气重故也。用麻黄汤主治。
这一章千古以来的错误解释。麻黄汤主之一句，应放在“当发其汗”之下看。详细注解见衄血条。
阳明病，初欲食，小便反不利，大便自调，其人骨节疼，翕然如有热状，奄然发狂，濈然汗出而解者，这是水不胜谷气，与汗共并，脉紧则愈。
这是说能食的阳明病，见到小便不利，水必内停。其人骨节疼，有翕翕发热的表症，又有奄然发狂的里症，这就是水谷之寒热，所以必须得濈然汗出，则内停水谷之邪，与汗共并而解。然而必须得脉紧急有力，则能作汗自愈。
太阴中风，四肢烦疼，阳微阴涩而长者，为欲愈。太阴病脉浮者，可发汗，宜桂枝汤。
三阴经也有伤寒中风，阳症脉长，有外传阳明之诊，所以欲愈。若太阴病脉浮，则外传太阳，所以可发汗，宜桂枝汤。
少阴病，身体痛，手足寒，骨节痛，脉沉者，用附子汤。
这是少阴经阴症身痛，所以用附子汤。
下利腹胀满，身体疼痛者，先温其里，乃攻其表。温里，适宜用四逆汤；攻表，适宜用桂枝汤。
此条属于厥阴经，里有寒而下利，表有邪而身痛也。里气虚寒，风寒得入而身疼痛，所以先温其里，后攻其表。
麻黄汤 羌活汤 桂枝汤 三方见恶寒。加减法，俱详恶寒。
加减防风汤
防风 荆芥 羌活 独活 川芎 甘草 生姜 芍药 大枣
此方家传秘方治疗三个季节太阳经身痛头痛风湿等症。
桂枝人参芍药汤
桂枝 人参 白芍药 生姜 甘草 大枣
此方治疗里气虚寒，发汗后身仍痛，邪仍在，脉沉迟，不可再发汗，所以用小建中汤加人参，扶元气以逐表邪。
黄 建中汤
白芍药 甘草 桂枝 黄
此方治疗表虚身痛，误汗亡阳者也。前以里气虚，不能逐邪外解而痛，所以用建中汤加人参。
此以表气虚，不能卫外而痛，所以用建中汤加黄 。一以人参、桂枝同建功于内，逐邪于外；
一以黄 、桂枝同实表于外，固密卫阳。
四逆汤
附子 干姜 广皮 甘草
阴症身痛，四肢厥冷，以此方温里，加广皮，则阳气愈和。
理中汤 见漱水不咽。
阴症身痛，皆由中气虚寒，用理中汤，则阳气周流，表里通达。
犀角地黄汤
生犀角 山栀 生地 赤芍药 当归尾 泽兰叶 荆芥 楂肉 牡丹皮 红花
热邪不得外发，瘀热伏结血分，所以发热面目皆黄，遍身疼痛。用此方清上焦之热，消上焦之血也。
桃仁承气汤 见蓄血。
人参白虎汤 见潮热。
羌活防风汤 见发黄。
防风神术汤 见头痛。
石膏神术汤
石膏 熟苍术 甘草
此湿温身痛之方。上部痛，加防风、荆芥、白芷、川芎；下部痛，加防己、秦艽、黄柏。
大青龙汤 见烦躁。
平胃发表汤 家秘治疗寒热胸满无汗症。
羌活 柴胡 干葛 枳朴 半夏 广皮
理肺发表汤 家秘治疗寒热喘咳无汗症。
羌活 柴胡 干葛 枳壳 桔梗 桑皮
以上两方，家传秘方一以治疗胃主肌肉，胃家凝结，胃阳不得敷布作汗散邪；一以治疗肺主皮毛，肺受外邪，皮毛闭塞不得作汗。这两条不仅治疗身痛，凡是散邪的妙诀。足冷腰痛，加独活，夜间热，加升麻；汗少，加防风。
Pain in the body (Shentong) can occur in all six meridians. Pain in the body associated with the Three Yang meridians is caused by exterior pathogenic factors; pain in the body associated with the Three Yin meridians is caused by interior cold.
For pain in the body of the Taiyang meridian, characterized by fever, absence of sweating, cold hands and feet, and a floating-tight pulse, diaphoresis (Fahan, inducing sweating to release the exterior) is indicated. In the northwest during winter, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used; in the south during the three seasons (spring, summer, autumn), Qianghuo Tang (Notopterygium Decoction) is used. If there is sweating and a floating-slow pulse, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used in the northwest during winter, and Jiajian Fangfeng Tang (Modified Saposhnikovia Decoction) is used in the south during the three seasons. If body pain persists after diaphoresis and the pulse remains floating-tight, diaphoresis may be repeated. However, if body pain persists after diaphoresis but the pulse becomes slow (Chi), diaphoresis must absolutely not be repeated; Guizhirenshen Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Ginseng, and White Peony Root Decoction) is indicated. If body pain was absent initially but appears after diaphoresis, this is pain due to Yang collapse from erroneous diaphoresis; Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction for Building the Middle) is used.
If there is fever, yellowing of the face and eyes, generalized body pain, forgetfulness, and a desire to rinse the mouth with water but an inability to swallow it, this is pain due to blood stasis in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner); Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) with Honghua (Carthamus Flower) and Chishaoyao (Red Peony Root) is used. If the lower abdomen is hard and full, and stool is either obstructed or black, this is pain due to blood stasis in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner); Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel and Da Huang Decoction) is the primary treatment.
In summer and autumn, heatstroke causes excessive sweating, body pain, a paradoxically deficient pulse, and thirst; Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng and White Tiger Decoction) is used. When wind affects the Three Yang meridians, causing aversion to wind, fever, vexing pain in the joints, a floating pulse, and no sweating, Qianghuo Fangfeng Tang (Notopterygium and Saposhnikovia Decoction) is indicated. When wind and dampness contend, causing vexing body pain and inability to turn over, without thirst, and with a floating-soft pulse, Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is used in the north during winter, and Fangfeng Shenzhu Tang (Saposhnikovia and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is used in the south during the three seasons. For damp-warmth causing body pain with excessive sweating and thirst and inability to turn over, Shigao Shenzhu Tang (Gypsum and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is used.
Regarding similar symptoms of body pain and inability to turn over: the previous clause described wind-dampness with no thirst, indicating no damp-heat in the interior, hence the use of Fangfeng Shenzhu Tang for warming and dispersing. The next clause describes damp-warmth with excessive sweating and thirst, indicating heat in the interior, hence the use of Shigao Shenzhu Tang for clearing and draining. Generally, pain from dampness often involves heaviness of the body; pain from wind often involves lightness of the body; pain from heat often involves sweating; pain from cold often presents with bluish discoloration of the body; pain from fluid retention often involves nausea and vomiting; pain from summerheat often involves thirst; deficiency pain is often relieved by pressure; Qi stagnation pain often involves wandering or rushing sensations; wind-fire pain moves unpredictably and comes and goes; wind-cold pain stays fixed and persists long-term, often with cold limbs.
Additionally, cases without fever, with a deep-slow pulse and body pain, are Yin-cold pain of the Three Yin meridians. Severe cases require Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction); mild cases require Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction).
Headache and body pain syndromes generally belong to exterior pathogens. Although headache clauses mention phlegm-fluids and fire-rushing, these also involve internal phlegm-fire combined with external exterior pathogens. Body pain, however, is exclusively a Taiyang exterior syndrome. Our family secret method specifically treats it with Qiangdu Tang (Notopterygium and Angelica Dahurica Decoction) plus Su Geng (Perilla Stem) and Mutong (Akebia Stem). In cases of epidemic cold and rain/dampness causing epidemic pathogen body pain, Qianghuo Baidu San (Notopterygium Detoxification Powder) is also used. If accompanied by chest fullness and vomiting, Pingwei Erchen Tang (Stomach-Pacifying and Two-Chen Decoction) is added to disperse stomach dampness and phlegm-fluids, combined with exterior-releasing herbs to induce sweating and resolve externally. If there is body pain, aversion to cold, fever, vomiting, and dysentery with bloody water, the same formula is used to ventilate and disperse warm-toxic exterior pathogens, after which the dysentery heals itself. Erroneous use of cold-cooling herbs suppresses sweating, causing exterior pathogens to sink inward, leading to untreatable conditions.
Taiyang disease, with headache, fever, body ache, lumbar pain, joint pain, aversion to wind, no sweating, and wheezing, is treated primarily with Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction). This describes the exterior syndrome of Cold injuring the Ying (Nutrient) level in Taiyang, thus requiring dispersion of exterior pathogens.
After six or seven days of Shanghan (Cold Damage), with slight fever and aversion to cold, vexing joint pain, slight vomiting, epigastric binding, and unresolved exterior symptoms, Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) are used. Since exterior pathogens of Taiyang and Shaoyang remain, these two formulas are combined (see detailed notes under Aversion to Cold).
If a physician erroneously uses purgatives in Shanghan, leading to continuous diarrhea with undigested food and body pain, urgent rescue of the Interior is required. Later, if body pain persists but bowel and bladder functions normalize, urgent rescue of the Exterior is required. To rescue the Interior, Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) is indicated; to rescue the Exterior, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated. Because erroneous purgation in Shanghan exterior syndrome causes continuous diarrhea, the Interior must be rescued urgently. After medication, if body pain persists due to unresolved exterior pathogens, the Exterior must be rescued urgently.
After eight or nine days of Shanghan, with wind-dampness contending, vexing body pain, inability to turn over, no vomiting or thirst, and a floating-deficient-choppy pulse, Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is used. Vexing body pain, inability to turn over, no vomiting or thirst, indicate cold-dampness. A deficient and choppy pulse indicates cold-stagnation. Hence, Guizhi Fuzi Tang is used.
When wind and dampness contend, causing vexing and pulling pain in joints, inability to flex or extend, severe pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficult urination, aversion to wind with reluctance to remove clothes, or slight edema, Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction) is used. This follows the previous chapter on cold-damp body pain, adding symptoms like severe pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficult urination, and aversion to wind, thus requiring Gancao Fuzi Tang to warm the channels and dissipate dampness. Using Fangfeng Shenzhu Tang would be incorrect.
Taiyang Wind Strike, with a floating-tight pulse, fever, aversion to cold, body pain, no sweating, and irritability, is treated primarily with Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction). If the pulse is weak and faint with sweating and aversion to wind, it must not be administered. (See detailed notes under Irritability).
Taiyang disease, with a floating-tight pulse, no sweating, fever, body pain, persisting for eight or nine days without resolution, while exterior symptoms remain, requires diaphoresis. After taking medicine, symptoms may slightly improve, but the patient may develop vexing heat and closed eyes; in severe cases, nasal bleeding (Xu) occurs, after which the condition resolves. This happens because Yang Qi is heavy. Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used. (This chapter has been misinterpreted for millennia. "Mahuang Tang Zhu Zhi" should be read under "should induce diaphoresis." See detailed notes under Nasal Bleeding).
Yangming disease, initially desiring food, but with contrary difficulty in urination, normal stool, bone joint pain, a feeling of slight heat, sudden madness, and profuse sweating leading to resolution, indicates that Water cannot overcome Grain Qi. With sweat, they combine, and if the pulse is tight, recovery ensues. This describes Yangming disease where appetite is preserved but urine is difficult, indicating internal water retention. Bone joint pain and slight heat indicate exterior symptoms; sudden madness indicates interior symptoms. This is cold-heat of water and grain. Profuse sweating is required to resolve the internal retained water-grain pathogens together with sweat. Recovery depends on a tight and forceful pulse enabling sweating.
Taiyin Wind Strike, with vexing pain in the four limbs, a superficial-micro and interior-choppy-long pulse, indicates impending recovery. If Taiyin disease presents with a floating pulse, diaphoresis is possible, and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated. The Three Yin meridians can also have Shanghan or Wind Strike; a Long pulse in Yang syndromes indicates transmission to Yangming, suggesting recovery. If Taiyin disease has a floating pulse, it transmits outward to Taiyang, so diaphoresis is possible using Guizhi Tang.
Shaoyin disease, with body pain, cold hands and feet, joint pain, and a deep pulse, is treated with Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction). This is Yin syndrome body pain of the Shaoyin meridian, hence Fuzi Tang is used.
Diarrhea with abdominal fullness and body pain: first warm the Interior, then attack the Exterior. To warm the Interior, Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) is indicated; to attack the Exterior, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated. This clause belongs to the Jueyin meridian, with interior cold causing diarrhea and exterior pathogens causing body pain. Due to interior Qi deficiency and cold, wind-cold enters causing pain; thus, the Interior is warmed first, then the Exterior is attacked.
Mahuang Tang, Qianghuo Tang, and Guizhi Tang are seen under Aversion to Cold. Modification methods are detailed under Aversion to Cold.
Jiajian Fangfeng Tang (Modified Saposhnikovia Decoction):
Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), Shaoyao (Peony Root), Dazao (Jujube Fruit).
This family secret formula treats body pain, headache, and wind-dampness of the Taiyang meridian during the three seasons.
Guizhirenshen Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Ginseng, and White Peony Root Decoction):
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baishao Yao (White Peony Root), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), Gancao (Licorice Root), Dazao (Jujube Fruit).
This formula treats interior Qi deficiency and cold, where body pain persists after diaphoresis with pathogens remaining and a deep-slow pulse, making further diaphoresis contraindicated. Thus, Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Decoction for Building the Middle) plus Renshen is used to support Yuan Qi to expel exterior pathogens.
Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction for Building the Middle):
Baishao Yao (White Peony Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Huangqi (Astragalus Root).
This formula treats exterior deficiency body pain due to Yang collapse from erroneous diaphoresis. Previously, interior Qi deficiency prevented pathogen expulsion, causing pain, so Jianzhong Tang plus Renshen was used. Here, exterior Qi deficiency fails to protect the exterior, causing pain, so Jianzhong Tang plus Huangqi is used. One uses Renshen and Guizhi to build merit internally and expel pathogens externally; the other uses Huangqi and Guizhi to strengthen the exterior and secure Wei Yang.
Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction):
Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Guangpi (Tangerine Peel), Gancao (Licorice Root).
For Yin syndrome body pain with cold limbs, this formula warms the Interior. Adding Guangpi harmonizes Yang Qi further.
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is seen under "Rinsing Mouth Without Swallowing".
Yin syndrome body pain is caused by deficiency-cold of Middle Qi. Using Lizhong Tang allows Yang Qi to circulate freely, connecting interior and exterior.
Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction):
Sheng Xijiao (Raw Rhino Horn - *Note: Substitute legally*), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Chishaoyao (Red Peony Root), Dangguiwei (Angelica Sinensis Root Tail), Zelan Ye (Leonurus Leaf), Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), Zharon ( Hawthorn Flesh), Mudanpi (Tree Peony Bark), Honghua (Carthamus Flower).
When heat pathogens cannot exit externally, stasis-heat hides and knots in the Blood level, causing fever, yellowing of face and eyes, and generalized body pain. This formula clears Heat in the Upper Jiao and dissipates Blood stasis in the Upper Jiao.
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel and Da Huang Decoction) is seen under Blood Stasis.
Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng and White Tiger Decoction) is seen under Tidal Fever.
Qianghuo Fangfeng Tang (Notopterygium and Saposhnikovia Decoction) is seen under Yellowing.
Fangfeng Shenzhu Tang (Saposhnikovia and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is seen under Headache.
Shigao Shenzhu Tang (Gypsum and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction):
Shigao (Gypsum), Shu Cangzhu (Processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root).
This is a formula for damp-warmth body pain. For upper body pain, add Fangfeng, Jingjie, Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Chuanxiong; for lower body pain, add Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra Root), Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark).
Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction) is seen under Irritability.
Pingwei Fabiao Tang (Stomach-Pacifying Exterior-Releasing Decoction): Family secret for chills, fever, chest fullness, and no sweating.
Qianghuo, Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Gange (Pueraria Root), Zhi Po (Magnolia Bark and Pinellia), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Guangpi.
Lifei Fabiao Tang (Lung-Regulating Exterior-Releasing Decoction): Family secret for chills, fever, wheezing, cough, and no sweating.
Qianghuo, Chaihu, Gange, Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Sangpi (Mulberry Bark).
These two formulas: one treats the Stomach governing muscles; when Stomach Qi is congealed, Stomach Yang cannot distribute to generate sweat and disperse pathogens. The other treats the Lung governing skin and hair; when the Lung is affected by external pathogens, skin and hair close up preventing sweat generation. These two methods are not only for body pain but are excellent keys for dispersing pathogens. For cold feet and lumbar pain, add Duhuo; for night fever, add Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome); for little sweat, add Fangfeng.