典藏书目

The above medicines are ground into fine powder. Take one hundred grains of fermented soybean (Douchi, 淡豆豉), soak them in hot water, remove the shells, and grind them into a paste. Add the five previously mentioned powdered medicines to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Each dose is one pill, taken with cold tea before bedtime.
Treats chronic or recent asthma and cough.

Cicada slough (one tael, remove head and feet) Wulingzhi (Raw) Arsenic (Raw) Realgar (Raw) Apricot Kernel (remove skin and tip, each five qian) Calomel (one tael)
Fermented soybean (forty-nine grains) Aristolochia Manshuriensis (Raw, one tael)

Grind the above medicines together, except for Calomel which is ground separately. Mix the remaining powders with fresh ginger juice and natural juice of Lepidium Seed (Tingli, 葶苈子) combined with Calomel to form pills the size of small pellets. Each dose is one pill, chewed thoroughly before bedtime,
and swallowed with ginger decoction.
The above formula uses the method of using realgar to expel phlegm, specifically designed for cold-dampness phlegm patterns.

Regarding the influence of Six Qi (Yunqi, 运气): There are two types of cough:
One is caused by Fire. The classics state: When Shaoyang governs the heaven, during the first phase, the climate becomes significantly warm, and the disease manifests as qi rebellion upwards causing cough. During the second phase, fire is suppressed, white dust rises everywhere, and the disease manifests as heat stagnation upwards causing cough. During the third phase, intense summer heat arrives, and people suffer from cough. During the final phase, wind arrives, and the disease manifests as yang qi failing to store, leading to cough.
The second is caused by Dryness-Heat. The classics state: When Shaoyin governs the heaven, water, fire, cold, and heat interact at the qi junction, and people suffer from cough and asthma. During the third phase, great fire prevails, and cold qi occasionally arrives, causing people to suffer from cough and asthma; this is cough and asthma due to upper heat and lower dryness. During the final phase, dryness command prevails, residual fire is blocked internally, causing cough and asthma; this is wheezing and cough due to external dryness enclosing internal heat.

[Bencao] Beimu Decoction for treating various long-standing coughs that do not heal.
Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu, 贝母) (one tael, remove heart, processed with ginger) Scutellaria Root (Huangqin, 黄芩) (half tael) Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 干姜) (raw, one tael) Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi, 五味子) Tangerine Peel (Chenpi, 陈皮) (each one tael) Mulberry Root Bark (Sangbaipi, 桑白皮) (half tael)
Pinellia Tuber (Banxia, 半夏) Bupleurum Root (Chaihu, 柴hu) Cinnamon Twig (Guixin, 桂心) (each one tael) Aucklandia Root (Muxiang, 木香) Licorice Root (Gancao, 甘草) (each one fen)

Grind the above into coarse powder. Each dose is five qian, boiled with one and a half cups of water, adding seven apricot kernels (removed skin and tip) and seven slices of fresh ginger. Decoct, remove dregs, and take hot. A man surnamed Jiang was given this formula for his wife's year-long cough; one dose cured her, and it cures all kinds of coughs.
The above formula contains both cold and hot herbs, astringent and dispersing herbs, making it a general formula for all coughs.

[Suwen] The Yellow Emperor asked: Why does the Lung cause cough? Qibo replied: All five zang organs and six fu organs can cause cough, not just the Lung. The Emperor said: I wish to hear its manifestations. Qibo said: The skin and hair are the exterior correspondence of the Lung. If the skin and hair are first attacked by pathogenic factors, the pathogens will follow their correspondence into the Lung. (This refers to pathogens entering from the exterior. Wang Bing's commentary states: Pathogen refers to cold qi.) If cold food and drink enter the stomach, they travel up along the Lung meridian to the Lung, causing Lung cold. (Cold pathogen enters from the exterior.) Lung cold causes external and internal pathogens to combine and lodge there, resulting in Lung cough. (This is what is meant by the Lung being the first to receive the pathogen.)
Each of the five zang organs receives disease in its corresponding season. (Wang Bing's commentary states: Season refers to the month when the organ is prosperous.) If it is not its governing season, the disease transmits to other organs. Humans correspond with heaven and earth, so each zang organ receives disease in its governing season (Liver governs Spring, Heart governs Summer, Spleen governs Late Summer, Lung governs Autumn, Kidney governs Winter). Receiving cold qi leads to illness; mild cases result in cough, severe cases result in diarrhea or pain. In Autumn, the Lung receives the pathogen first; in Spring, the Liver; in Summer, the Heart; in Late Summer, the Spleen; in Winter, the Kidney. The Emperor asked: How to distinguish them? Qibo said: The manifestation of Lung cough is cough with wheezing and sound, and in severe cases, hemoptysis. (Taiyuan acupoint may be used.) The manifestation of Heart cough is cough accompanied by heart pain, a sensation of obstruction in the throat like a foreign body, and in severe cases, sore throat and bi-syndrome. (Daling acupoint may be used.) The manifestation of Liver cough is cough with pain under both hypochondria, inability to turn over in severe cases, and fullness under both hypochondria when turning. (Taichong acupoint may be used.) The manifestation of Spleen cough is cough with pain under the right hypochondrium radiating to the shoulder and back, inability to move in severe cases, and worsening cough upon movement. (Taibai acupoint may be used.) The manifestation of Kidney cough is cough with pulling pain between the waist and back, and coughing up saliva in severe cases. (Taixi acupoint may be used.) The Emperor asked: What about cough of the six fu organs? Where does the disease come from? Qibo said: Long-standing cough of the five zang organs transfers to the six fu organs. If Spleen cough persists, the Stomach receives it. The manifestation of Stomach cough is cough with vomiting, and in severe cases, expulsion of roundworms. (Zusanli acupoint may be used.) If Liver cough persists, the Gallbladder receives it. The manifestation of Gallbladder cough is cough with vomiting of bile. (Yanglingquan acupoint may be used.) If Lung cough persists, the Large Intestine receives it. The manifestation of Large Intestine cough is cough with fecal incontinence. (Shangliao of Yangming may be used.) If Heart cough persists, the Small Intestine receives it. The manifestation of Small Intestine cough is cough with flatus, gas escaping with the cough. (Xialiao of Yangming may be used.) If Kidney cough persists, the Bladder receives it. The manifestation of Bladder cough is cough with urinary incontinence. (Weizhong acupoint may be used.) If long-standing cough persists, the Sanjiao receives it. The manifestation of Sanjiao cough is cough with abdominal fullness and loss of appetite. These are all gathered in the Stomach and related to the Lung, causing excessive phlegm and drool, facial edema, and rebellious qi. (Zhigou acupoint may be used.) The Emperor asked: How to treat? Qibo said: Treat zang organs by selecting their Shu-stream points, treat fu organs by selecting their He-sea points, and treat edema by selecting their Jing-river points. (See "Ke Lun" chapter)

[Zhu Danxi] For treating cough. Moxibustion on Tiantu and Feishu acupoints to drain fire-heat and disperse Lung qi.

[Qianjin Fang] For cough. Moxibustion on the boundary of black and white skin below both nipples, one hundred moxa cones each side, will cure. Also, use papyrus wrapped around the nipple circumference to measure the body, ensuring front and back alignment. Moxibustion ten cones on the Jie point below the spine. Also, measure horizontally across the mouth with a string, fold the string, and from the spine, moxibustion eighty cones at each end of the string on both sides. Completed in three days; symmetry indicates correct measurement.

[Yuji Wei Yi] For treating cough: Shen Zhu (depth 3 fen, reducing method with three inhalations.) Zhi Yang (depth 3 fen, tonifying method with three exhalations.) If ineffective, select posterior points again: Feishu (depth 1.1 cun, oblique insertion outward 1.5 cun, reducing method with six inhalations. Cold phlegm and red phlegm are deficiency patterns to be tonified, excess patterns to be reduced.) Another method: Fengmen (depth 1 fen, oblique insertion outward 1.5 cun.)

[Yixin] Cough, asthma, chest fullness, shortness of breath, anorexia, dark complexion, runny nose: Fengmen (oblique insertion outward 2.5 cun, tonify.) Juque (depth 3.3 cun, reduce.)
Taiyuan (depth 5 fen, reduce.) Qimen (neutral.) Xiawan (depth 5 fen, reduce.) Shanzhong (moxibustion, seven cones.) Zhongwan (depth 3 cun, reduce.) Jiegu (depth 3.5 cun, excellent point for clearing heat.) Zhigou (penetrating to Jianshi, excellent point for hypochondriac distension.)
Women with cough, alternating chills and fever, wind-cold retching, labor jaundice with abdominal fullness and asthma: Fengmen (oblique insertion 1.5 cun, for wind-cold invasion.) Taiyuan (depth 5 fen, for cough.) Zhongwan (depth 3 cun, for retching, effective for regulating qi flow.) Jiegu Quchi (each depth 1.5 cun, for cold cough, blood stasis, labor jaundice.) Jianshi (penetrating to Zhigou, for middle jiao fullness, asthma, and rebellious qi.)

[Jiayi Jing] Cough with rebellious qi, dry tongue, hypochondriac pain, vexation, cold shoulders, shortness of breath, insufficient respiration, abdominal distension, and asthma are primarily treated by Chize. Cough with dry retching and vexation/fullness are primarily treated by Xiabai.
Cough with rebellious qi, asthma with inability to breathe, sudden bi-syndrome with internal rebellion, Liver and Lung conflict, bleeding from nose and mouth, body swelling, rebellious breathing with inability to lie down are primarily treated by Tianfu. Cough with rebellious qi, asthma with inability to breathe,
vomiting, chest fullness with inability to eat are primarily treated by Shufu. Cough with rebellious qi, excessive salivation and spitting, panting palpitations with inability to rest are primarily treated by Shenfeng. Chest fullness, cough, asthma with inability to breathe, vomiting,
vexation/fullness, inability to eat are primarily treated by Shencang. Cough with rebellious qi are primarily treated by Pohu and Qishe. Cough with rebellious qi are primarily treated by Yixi. Chest and hypochondriac
distension, inability to bend or extend, inability to eat, coughing up pus and saliva are primarily treated by Zhourong. Cough with diarrhea and anorexia are primarily treated by Shangqiu. Chilly cough with hemoptysis, rebellious qi, penetrating heart pain are primarily treated by Hand-Yangming points. Cough with
chest fullness are primarily treated by Qian Gu. Cough with rebellious qi and spitting saliva are primarily treated by Tianrong and Xingjian. Cough with rebellious qi unceasing, Sanjiao having water qi, inability to eat are primarily treated by Weidao. Cough with red hot face are primarily treated by Zhigou. Cough with rebellious qi, throat abscess, shortness of breath, inability to breathe through wheezing are primarily treated by Shuitu. (Alternatively Tiantu.) Cough with asthma, sudden aphonia with inability to speak,
and green veins under the tongue near the seam, large qi in the neck, throat bi, dry and urgent throat with inability to breathe, humming in throat, aversive chill and fever, neck pain, shoulder pain, chest pain, hot abdominal skin, epistaxis, shortness of breath with obstruction,
hidden heart pain, headache, red hot facial skin, insensitivity of body flesh are primarily treated by Tiantu. Cough with rebellious qi, asthma with inability to speak are primarily treated by Huagai.

Cheng Wuji stated: Cough refers to the sound of coughing, commonly called Sou refers to cough with phlegm. The Lung governs qi; cold exposure and cold drinks injure it, causing qi to rebel upwards instead of descending, becoming rebellious and uncollected, impacting the diaphragm and throat, causing itching and obstruction sensations in the throat. This is Sou. Severe cases continue incessantly, causing restlessness in sitting and lying, inability to finish speaking, affecting all meridians, with cough sounds audible to neighbors. (Qing, pronounced Qing, refers to cough sound.)

[Maijue] Lung萎 (Feiwei), coughing up saliva with dry throat, healing if desiring water, shortness of breath if gaping mouth.

[Zhu Danxi] Cough with Lung distension and obstruction, unable to sleep, is difficult to treat.

[Zhang Zhongjing] Ten-year cough with weak pulse is treatable; solid, large, rapid pulse indicates death. Deficient pulse implies suffering from dizziness, due to pre-existing Zhi Yin (branch fluid) in the chest; treatment belongs to fluid retention categories.
Upper qi with facial edema, shoulder breathing, floating and large pulse is untreatable. Worse with diarrhea. Floating and short pulse indicates Lung injury, scarcity of all qi, death within a year, likely involving cough.
Cough with emaciation and firm, large pulse indicates death.
Cough with physical depletion, fever, small, firm, rapid, and hurried pulse is adverse, death within fifteen days. (Full text see Diagnosis.)

[Maijue] Upper qi with rapid pulse indicates death, due to bodily depletion. Cough with deep, tight pulse indicates death; floating and straight pulse indicates survival; floating and soft pulse indicates survival; small, deep, hidden pulse indicates death.

[Zhu Danxi] Cough with dry mouth and throat and phlegm: Do not use Banxia; use Gualou and Beimu. If drinking water is desired, do not use Gualou, fearing it obstructs the diaphragm and causes discomfort.