干咳嗽者，无痰有声是也。此症本于气涩，涩微者连咳十数声方有痰出，涩甚者虽咳十数声亦无痰出，是
为干咳嗽也。
〔丹〕干咳嗽，极难治。此系火郁之症，乃痰郁其火邪在中，用苦桔梗以开之，下用补阴降火之剂，不已
即成劳，倒仓法好。此不得志者有之，宜用补阴方四物汤加竹沥、炒柏之类。
〔海〕甘桔汤 此仲景少阴咽痛药也。孙真人治肺痈吐脓血，用生甘草加减二十余条。（甘桔汤方用桔
梗三两，甘草一两，白水煎服。）
咳逆气者，加陈皮。咳嗽者，加贝母、知母。咳发渴者，加五味。吐脓血者，加紫菀。肺痰者，加阿胶。
面目肿者，加茯苓。呕者，加生姜、半夏。少气者，加人参、麦冬。肤痛者，加黄 。目赤者，加栀子、黄
连。咽痛者，加鼠粘子、竹茹。声不出者，加半夏、桂枝。疫毒头肿者，加鼠粘子、大黄、芒硝。胸痛膈不
利者，加枳壳。心胸痞者，加枳实。不得眠者，加栀子。发狂者，加防风、荆芥。酒毒者，加葛根、陈皮。
一中年妇人干咳，寸脉滑动似豆状，余皆散大不浮，左大于右，每五更心躁热有汗，但怒气则甚。与桔梗
不开，诸药不效。遂以石膏、香附为君，芩、连、青黛、门冬、栝蒌实、陈皮、炒柏、归、梗为臣，五味、砂
仁、川芎、紫菀佐之，凡二十余帖而安。洁古蜜煎生姜汤，蜜煎陈皮汤与烧生姜胡桃方，皆治无痰而嗽者，以
辛甘润其肺也。如但使青皮药，皆宜去白。本草云∶陈皮味辛，理上气，去痰气滞塞；青皮味苦，治下气；二
味俱用，散三焦气也。故《圣惠》法治云∶陈皮去穣，穣不除即生痰；麻黄发汗，节不去则止汗。
〔《本》〕补肺法。
地黄（二斤，生，净洗） 杏仁（二两） 生姜 蜜（各四两）
上捣如泥，入瓦盆中，置饭上蒸五七度，每五更，挑三匙咽下。
〔《千》〕治久嗽方。
白蜜（一斤） 生姜（二斤，取汁）
上二味，先秤铜铫知斤两讫，纳蜜复秤如数，次纳姜汁，以微火煮令姜汁尽，惟有蜜斤两在则止，旦服如
枣大含一丸，日三服。忌一切杂食。
干咳，是指没有痰液但伴有咳嗽声音的症状。这种病症的根本原因在于气机涩滞。气滞轻微者，连续咳嗽十余声后才有痰液咳出；气滞严重者，即使连续咳嗽十余声也无痰液咳出，这便称为干咳。
〔朱丹溪〕对于干咳，极难治疗。此症属于火邪郁结的证候，是痰浊郁遏了中焦的火邪。宜用苦桔梗来宣开郁结，下部使用滋阴降火的方剂，若不及时治愈就会演变为虚劳病，采用“倒仓法”效果较好。此类病症多见于心情抑郁不得志之人，适宜使用滋阴方剂四物汤，加入竹沥、炒黄柏等药物。
〔张元素〕甘桔汤，这是张仲景用于治疗少阴经咽痛的方药。孙思邈治疗肺痈吐脓血时，使用生甘草并加减二十余条。（甘桔汤的配方为：桔梗三两，甘草一两，用清水煎煮后服用。）
若伴有咳逆气上冲，加入陈皮。若为普通咳嗽，加入贝母、知母。若咳嗽发作且口渴，加入五味子。若吐出脓血，加入紫菀。若有肺痿（肺叶枯萎），加入阿胶。若面目浮肿，加入茯苓。若呕吐，加入生姜、半夏。若气短，加入人参、麦冬。若皮肤疼痛，加入黄芪。若目赤红肿，加入栀子、黄连。若咽痛，加入牛蒡子、竹茹。若声音嘶哑或失音，加入半夏、桂枝。若患疫病导致头部肿胀，加入牛蒡子、大黄、芒硝。若胸痛且胸膈不利，加入枳壳。若心胸痞闷，加入枳实。若失眠，加入栀子。若发狂，加入防风、荆芥。若因酒毒致病，加入葛根、陈皮。
曾有一位中年妇女患干咳，寸脉滑动如豆状，其余脉象散大而不浮，左脉大于右脉，每至五更时分心中烦躁发热且有汗出，仅在发怒时症状加重。给予桔梗未能缓解，其他药物也无效。于是以石膏、香附为君药，黄芩、黄连、青黛、麦冬、瓜蒌实、陈皮、炒黄柏、当归、桔梗为臣药，五味子、砂仁、川芎、紫菀为佐药，共服用二十余帖后痊愈。洁古（张元素）的蜜煎生姜汤、蜜煎陈皮汤以及烧生姜胡桃方，都是治疗无痰而咳嗽的方法，旨在用辛甘之品滋润肺部。如果仅使用青皮类药物，都应当去除其白色内瓤。《本草》记载：陈皮味辛，能理上焦之气，去除痰气滞塞；青皮味苦，能治下焦之气；两味药同用，可疏散三焦之气。所以《圣惠方》在治疗法则中说：陈皮需去穣（橘络/白瓤），若不除去白瓤就会生痰；麻黄用于发汗，若不除去节段则只能止汗。
〔《本草纲目》〕补肺法。
地黄（二斤，新鲜，洗净） 杏仁（二两） 生姜 蜂蜜（各四两）
将上述药材捣成泥状，放入瓦盆中，置于饭锅上蒸五到七次。每至五更天，挑取三匙含咽下去。
〔《千金方》〕治疗久咳的方子。
白蜜（一斤） 生姜（二斤，取汁）
以上两味药，先称量铜锅的重量，然后放入蜂蜜再称重以补足重量，接着加入姜汁，用微火煮至姜汁完全蒸发，只剩下蜂蜜的重量时停止。早晨服用，如枣大小的一丸含服，每日三次。忌食一切杂食。
Dry cough refers to a condition characterized by the presence of coughing sounds without expectoration. The root cause of this syndrome lies in stagnant Qi (vital energy). In cases of mild stagnation, continuous coughing for more than ten times is required before phlegm is expelled; in severe cases, even after coughing continuously for more than ten times, no phlegm is produced. This is termed dry cough.
[Zhu Danxi] Dry cough is extremely difficult to treat. This condition belongs to the category of Fire pathogen constraint, where Phlegm turbidity constrains the Fire pathogen in the Middle Jiao (middle burner). Bitter Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) should be used to open the constraint, and formulas that nourish Yin and descend Fire should be administered below. If not cured promptly, it may evolve into Consumption (Lao disease). The "Dao Cang Fa" (stomach purging method) is effective. Such conditions often occur in individuals who are frustrated or depressed in their ambitions. It is suitable to use the Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) for nourishing Yin, added with Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) and Chao Baizhi (Stir-fried Anemarrhenae Rhizoma).
[Zhang Yuansu] Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) is a prescription originally used by Zhang Zhongjing to treat throat pain associated with Shaoyin (Lesser Yang) channel disorders. Sun Simiao used Sheng Gancao (Raw Licorice Root), modified over twenty-plus variations, to treat Lung Abscess with expectoration of pus and blood. (The formula for Ganjie Tang consists of Sangliang [3 liang] of Jiegeng [Platycodonis Radix] and Yiliang [1 liang] of Gancao [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma], decocted in plain water and taken orally.)
If accompanied by rebellious Qi rising during cough, add Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium). For general cough, add Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma). If cough is accompanied by thirst, add Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus). If pus and blood are expectorated, add Ziwan (Asternis Radix). For Fei Tan (Lung Withering), add Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla). If facial and eye swelling occurs, add Fuling (Poria). If vomiting occurs, add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma). If there is shortness of breath, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix). If skin pain occurs, add Huangqi (Astragali Radix). If eyes are red, add Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). If throat pain occurs, add Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) and Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia). If voice loss occurs, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus). If epidemic toxin causes head swelling, add Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas). If chest pain and diaphragmatic obstruction occur, add Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). If chest and heart palpitations/distension occur, add Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). If insomnia occurs, add Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus). If mania occurs, add Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica). If caused by alcohol toxicity, add Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium).
A middle-aged woman suffered from dry cough. Her Cun pulse was slippery and rolling like a bean, while other pulses were scattered and large but not floating. The left pulse was stronger than the right. Every day at Wugeng (3-5 AM), she experienced mental restlessness, heat, and sweating, which worsened upon anger. Administration of Jiegeng alone did not relieve symptoms, and other medicines were ineffective. Therefore, Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) were used as Jun (Emperor) herbs. Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Gualou Shi (Trichosanthis Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Chao Baizhi (Stir-fried Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Geng (Platycodonis Radix) were used as Chen (Minister) herbs. Wuweiizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), and Ziwan (Asternis Radix) were used as Zuo (Assistant) herbs. After taking more than twenty doses, she recovered. Jiegu's (Zhang Yuansu) Mi Jian Shengjiang Tang (Honey-decocted Fresh Ginger Decoction), Mi Jian Chenpi Tang (Honey-decocted Tangerine Peel Decoction), and Shao Shengjiang Hutao Fang (Roasted Fresh Ginger and Walnut Formula) are all treatments for cough without phlegm, aiming to moisten the Lung with Pungent and Sweet properties. When using Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), the white pith should always be removed. The Materia Medica states: Chenpi is pungent, regulates Upper Jiao Qi, and removes phlegm-Qi stagnation; Qingpi is bitter, treats Lower Jiao Qi. Using both disperses Qi in the Three Jiaos. Therefore, the *Shenghui Fang* treatment principles state: Chenpi must have its rind/pith removed; if not removed, it generates phlegm. Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) induces sweating; if the nodes are not removed, it stops sweating.
*[Ben Cao Gang Mu]* Method for Tonifying the Lung.
Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) - 2 jin, fresh, thoroughly washed
Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) - 2 liang
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens)
Mi (Mel) - 4 liang each
Mash all ingredients into a paste, place in a clay pot, and steam over rice five to seven times. At Wugeng (3-5 AM), take three spoonsful and swallow slowly.
*[Qian Jin Fang]* Prescription for treating chronic cough.
Baimi (White Honey) - 1 jin
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) - 2 jin, juice extracted
Weigh a copper cauldron first. Add honey and weigh again to ensure the correct amount. Then add ginger juice. Boil over low heat until the ginger juice is completely evaporated, leaving only the weight of the honey. In the morning, take one pill-sized portion (size of a jujube) to hold in the mouth and swallow. Take three times daily. Avoid all miscellaneous foods.