夏子益《奇疾方》云∶有人忽鼻中出毛，昼夜可长二三寸，渐渐粗圆如绳，痛不可忍，摘去复生，此因食猪羊血过
多所致，用生乳香、 砂各一两为末，饭丸梧子大，每服空心临卧各服十丸，开水送下，服尽自落。
《奇病方》云∶人有鼻中生红线一条，长三尺许，少动则痛，此饮酒过多而然。方用硼砂一分，冰片一分，研为
末，以人乳调之，点红线中间自愈。
又云∶有人患鼻大如拳，疼痛欲死，此乃肺经之火，热壅于鼻而不得泄。法当清其肺邪，去其鼻间之火，服解壅汤
数剂自消。此方全在群入肺经以去其邪，故治随愈。此奇病而以常法治之者也。
《酉阳杂俎》云∶永贞年，有东市富翁王布知之女，年十四五，患鼻孔各随息肉，如皂荚子。其根细如麻丝，长寸
许，触之痛入心髓。其父破钱数百万，治之不瘥。忽一日，有梵僧乞食，因问布知君，女有异疾，吾能治之。布喜即就
治，僧随取白色药吹鼻孔，少顷摘去之，出黄水，都无所苦，赏之百金不受而去。
〔源按〕息肉由胃中食积，热痰流注，古方俱用硼砂、白矾消，此二味色俱白，前案所吹之药白色者，或即此也。
《集异记》云∶狄梁公性好医药，尤妙针术。显庆中，应制入关，路旁大榜云∶能疗此儿，酬绢千匹。有富室儿，
鼻端赘如拳石，缀鼻根蒂如筋，痛楚危急。公即脑后下针，疣赘应手而落，其父母备干绢奉焉，公罔顾而去。
《圣惠方》云∶有小儿患脑疳，鼻痒不止，毛发作穗，身体黄瘦，用鲫鱼胆滴鼻中，数日取效。
《医学正传》云∶有人患脑崩流汁，鼻中时流臭黄水，兼痛。名控脑砂，有虫食脑中故也，用丝瓜藤近根三五尺，
烧存性，每服一钱，温酒下，以愈为度。
许学士治检正患鼻额间痛，或麻痹不仁，如是数年，忽一日，连唇口颊车发际皆痛，不能言语，饮食皆妨。许作足阳明经受风毒，传入经络，血凝滞而不行，故有此症，或以排风小续命、透髓丹之类与之，皆不效。制犀角升麻汤赠之，
数日愈。夫足阳明胃也，经云∶肠胃为市。又云∶阳明多血多气，胃之中腥膻五味无所不纳，如市廛无所不有也。以其
熟腐饮食之毒聚于胃，此方以犀角为主，解饮食之毒也。阳明经脉环唇，挟舌起于鼻，合额中，循颊车，上耳前，过客
主人，循发际，至头颅。今所患皆一经络也。故以升麻佐之，余药涤除风热，升麻、黄芩专入胃经，稍通者自能晓。
史载之治朱思古，眉州人，年三十岁，得疾不能食，闻荤腥即呕，惟用大铛，旋煮汤沃，淡饭食之，医莫能治。史
曰∶俗皆不读医经，而妄欲疗人之疾，可叹也。君之疾，正在《素问》经中，名曰食挂。凡人之肺六叶，舒张而盖。下
覆于脾，子母气和，则进饮食。一或有疾，则肺不能舒，脾之气敝，故不嗜食。遂授一方，清气顺肺为治。服之三日，
病者鼻闻肉味觉香，取啖之甚美。此事宋人载于传记，江篁南云∶余考之岐黄书，皆无食挂之说，或记者假托耳，或史
公大言以欺世欤？皆未可知也。
孙东宿治太学孙中叔，以暑月赴南雍，一日转班出，索茶饮，饮辄逆流左鼻，茶入腹者十之三。几一月，不惟茶水
为然，粥饭亦多从鼻出。渐加恶心、头晕、肌肉削，四肢无力，心益惴惴，亟归，就孙治。孙云∶诸医认何症？投何药？
中曰∶医皆谓诸逆上冲，皆属于火，故投剂非黄连解毒，即三黄、石膏、栀子、黄柏、知母、天花粉、葛根之属。孙曰∶
治病贵辨明经络，与经络之出纳虚实明藏象，察经度，究竟夫病机病能，此扁鹊所以随俗为变也，何尝拘拘守方书哉！
《内经》有云∶咽喉者，水谷之道路也。喉咙者，气之所以上下者也。顽颡者，分气之所泄也。人之鼻渊涕出不收者顽
颡不开也。子之症，亦顽颡不开之类尔。顽颡不开，故气上而不下，会厌弱而不能掩其气喉，夫鼻与气喉相通，惟不掩，
故饮食逆从鼻窍而出。不见常人偶气逆而饮食自喷嚏出乎？即其例也。且右脉缓弱无力，气虚明矣。《内经》云∶形寒
饮冷则伤肺。又曰∶脾胃喜温而恶寒。又云∶视听明而清凉，香臭辨而温暖。子多服寒凉，此所以恶心、头晕、肌削也，
症当温补。盖肺属金而主气，金气旺则收敛不降，气下降则饮食从气下矣。以六君子汤加辛夷、桑白皮、苡仁、沉香，
一进而缓，三进止大半，七剂全安。
明宗室富顺王，一孙嗜灯花，但闻其气即哭索不已。时珍诊之曰∶此癖也。以杀虫治癖之药丸，服一料而愈。
解壅汤
黄芩 甘草 麦冬 花粉（各三钱） 桔梗 天冬（各五钱） 紫菀（二钱） 苏叶 百部（各一钱）
水煎服。
犀角升麻汤
犀角（十两） 升麻 防风 羌活（各三两） 川芎 白附子 白芷 黄芩（各五钱） 甘草（一钱）
上用四钱，水煎，食后临卧各一服，一日共服四次。
六君子汤（见目门）
夏子益在《奇疾方》中记载：有人忽然从鼻孔中长出毛发，昼夜之间能长二三寸，逐渐变得粗圆如绳索，疼痛难忍，摘除后又会再生。这是因为食用猪羊血过多所致。治疗方法是用生乳香、砂各一两研成粉末，用米饭制成梧桐子大小的药丸，每次空腹和睡前各服十丸，开水送下，服完后毛发自然脱落。
《奇病方》记载：有人鼻中生出一条红线，长约三尺左右，稍微活动就疼痛，这是饮酒过多造成的。处方用硼砂一分、冰片一分，研成粉末，用人乳调和，点涂在红线的中间，即可自愈。
又记载：有人患鼻部肿大如拳头，疼痛欲死，这是肺经之火，热气壅塞于鼻窍无法宣泄。治法应当清泻肺邪，去除鼻间之火，服用解壅汤数剂，症状自然消除。此方全在于引导药物进入肺经以祛除邪气，所以治疗随即痊愈。这是用常规方法治疗奇特病症的案例。
《酉阳杂俎》记载：永贞年间，东市富翁王布知的女儿，年龄十四五岁，鼻孔里长出息肉，像皂荚子一样大。根部细如麻丝，长约一寸，触碰时痛入心髓。她的父亲花费数百万钱治疗，病情未好转。忽然有一天，有一位梵僧来乞食，于是询问王布知：“您的女儿患有怪病，我能治好。”王布知很高兴，随即请僧人治疗。僧人随即取出白色药物吹入鼻孔，过了一会儿将其摘除，流出黄水，患者没有任何痛苦，王布知赏赐百金，僧人不接受便离开了。
〔沈源按〕息肉是由胃中食积、热痰流注引起的，古方都用硼砂、白矾来消散，这两味药颜色都是白色的，前案中僧人吹的白色药物，或许就是这些。
《集异记》记载：狄梁公（狄仁杰）喜好医药，尤其精通针灸技术。显庆年间，他奉诏入关，路边有大榜文说：“能治好这个孩子的病，酬谢绢一千匹。”有一个富人家的孩子，鼻端赘生物如拳石大小，连接鼻根的蒂部如筋脉，痛苦危急。狄公就在其脑后下针，疣赘应手而落，孩子的父母准备了干绢奉送，狄公看都不看就离开了。
《圣惠方》记载：有小儿患脑疳，鼻子瘙痒不止，毛发结成穗状，身体黄瘦，用鲫鱼胆滴入鼻中，几天见效。
《医学正传》记载：有人患脑崩流汁，鼻中时常流出臭黄水，兼有疼痛。名为控脑砂，是因为有虫子啃食脑部所致。处方用丝瓜藤靠近根部三至五尺，烧至存性，每次服用一钱，温酒送下，以痊愈为度。
许学士治疗检正患鼻额间疼痛，或麻痹无知觉，如此数年，忽然有一天，连同嘴唇、口角、颊车穴、发际都疼痛，不能言语，饮食都受影响。许学士认为是足阳明经受风毒侵袭，传入经络，血液凝滞不行，所以有此症。曾用排风小续命汤、透髓丹等药给他，都没有效果。于是配制犀角升麻汤赠送给他，几天后痊愈。足阳明胃经，医经说：“肠胃为市。”又说：“阳明多血多气”，胃中腥膻五味无所不纳，就像市场无所不有一样。因为熟腐饮食的毒素积聚在胃，此方以犀角为主，解除饮食之毒。阳明经脉环绕嘴唇，挟持舌头，起于鼻旁，合于额中，循行经过颊车穴，上行至耳前，过客主人穴，循行发际，到达头颅。现在所患的部位都在这一条经络上。所以用升麻作为佐使药，其余药物涤除风热，升麻、黄芩专门入胃经，稍通医理的人自然明白。
史载之治疗朱思古，眉州人，三十岁，患病不能进食，闻到荤腥就呕吐，只用大锅现煮汤泡淡饭吃，医生都不能治愈。史载之说：“世俗之人都不读医经，却妄图医治别人的疾病，令人叹息。你的病，正好在《素问》经中有记载，名叫‘食挂’。人的肺有六叶，舒张覆盖在下，覆盖于脾之上，子母气和顺，就能进食。一旦有病，肺就不能舒展，脾气败坏，所以不喜欢吃东西。”于是传授一个方子，以清气顺肺为治法。服药三天后，病人闻到肉味觉得香，取来吃觉得很美味。这件事宋人在传记中记载，江篁南说：“我考察岐黄之书，都没有‘食挂’的说法，或许是记录者假托，或者是史公夸大其词以欺骗世人呢？都不可知。”
孙东宿治疗太学孙中叔，在暑月前往南京国子监，一天换班出来，索要茶水喝，喝下去的茶水都逆流到左鼻孔，流入腹中的只有十分之三。将近一个月，不仅茶水如此，粥饭也多从鼻中流出。逐渐加重恶心、头晕、肌肉消瘦，四肢无力，心里更加恐惧，急忙回家，找孙东宿治疗。孙东宿问：“其他医生诊断为什么症？用了什么药？”孙中叔说：“医生都说诸逆上冲，皆属于火，所以投用的药剂不是黄连解毒汤，就是三黄、石膏、栀子、黄柏、知母、天花粉、葛根之类。”孙东宿说：“治病贵在辨明经络，与经络的出纳虚实明确藏象，察经度，究尽病机病能，这就是扁鹊之所以随俗变化的原因，何曾拘泥守旧于方书呢！《内经》说：‘咽喉者，水谷之道路也。喉咙者，气之所以上下者也。顽颡者，分气之所泄也。人之鼻渊涕出不收者，顽颡不开也。’你的症状，也是顽颡不开的一类罢了。顽颡不开，所以气上而不下降，会厌弱而不能掩闭气喉，鼻与气喉相通，正因为不掩闭，所以饮食逆从鼻窍而出。没见常人偶尔气逆而饮食从喷嚏打出吗？就是这个例子。而且右脉缓弱无力，气虚是明显的。《内经》说：‘形寒饮冷则伤肺。’又说：‘脾胃喜温而恶寒。’又说：‘视听明而清凉，香臭辨而温暖。’你多服寒凉药，这就是恶心、头晕、肌削的原因，症当温补。肺属金而主气，金气旺则收敛不降，气下降则饮食从气道下行矣。用六君子汤加辛夷、桑白皮、苡仁、沉香，服一次症状缓解，服三次好大半，七剂后完全康复。
明代宗室富顺王的孙子，嗜好闻灯花的气味，只要闻到就哭闹不止。李时珍诊察后说：“这是癖病。”用杀虫治癖的药丸，服完一料而愈。
解壅汤
黄芩 甘草 麦冬 花粉（各三钱） 桔梗 天冬（各五钱） 紫菀（二钱） 苏叶 百部（各一钱）
水煎服。
犀角升麻汤
犀角（十两） 升麻 防风 羌活（各三两） 川芎 白附子 白芷 黄芩（各五钱） 甘草（一钱）
以上药材取四钱，水煎，饭后和睡前各服一次，一天共服四次。
六君子汤（见目门）
Xia Ziyi recorded in *Qi Ji Fang* (Treatise on Strange Diseases): A person suddenly grew hair from the nostrils, growing two to three cun in length within a day and night. It gradually became thick and round like a rope, with unbearable pain. After plucking it out, it would grow back. This was caused by excessive consumption of pig and sheep blood. The treatment used raw Xiangyao (Frankincense) and Shasha (Sandarac), each one liang, ground into powder, formed into pills the size of wutong seeds using rice paste. Each time, ten pills were taken on an empty stomach and before bed, washed down with boiled water. After finishing the course, the hair naturally fell off.
*Qi Bing Fang* (Treatise on Strange Diseases) records: A person had a red line growing in the nose, about three chi long. Slight movement caused pain; this resulted from excessive alcohol consumption. The prescription used Pengsha (Borax) and Bingpian (Borneol), one fen each, ground into powder, mixed with human milk, and applied to the middle of the red line for self-healing.
It also records: A person suffered from nasal swelling as large as a fist, with excruciating pain. This was due to fire in the Lung Meridian, where heat was congested in the nose and could not vent. The method should be to clear Lung pathogenic factors and remove fire from the nose. Taking several doses of Jie Yong Tang (Unblocking Decoction) would cause the swelling to subside naturally. This formula works by guiding herbs into the Lung Meridian to eliminate pathogens, hence the cure followed immediately. This is a case of treating a strange disease with conventional methods.
*Youyang Zazu* records: During the Yongzhen era, the daughter of Wang Buzhi, a wealthy man in the East Market, aged fourteen or fifteen, developed polyps in her nostrils, resembling soap bean pods. The roots were thin as hemp threads, about one cun long, and touching them caused pain piercing the heart marrow. Her father spent millions of coins on treatment without improvement. Suddenly, one day, a Sanskrit monk came begging for food. He asked Wang Buzhi, "Your daughter has a strange illness; I can cure it." Wang was delighted and sought his treatment. The monk took white medicine and blew it into the nostrils. After a short while, he removed it, and yellow fluid drained out. The patient felt no discomfort. Wang offered a hundred ounces of gold as a reward, but the monk refused and left.
[Shen Yuan's Note] Polyps are caused by food stagnation in the Stomach and hot phlegm flowing downwards. Ancient formulas all used Pengsha (Borax) and Bai Fan (Alum) to dissipate them. Both these substances are white. The white medicine blown into the nostrils in the previous case might have been these.
*Ji Yi Ji* records: Di Lianggong (Di Renjie) loved medicine and was particularly skilled in acupuncture. During the Xianqing era, responding to an imperial summons to enter Guanzhong, he saw a large sign by the road stating: "Whoever can cure this child will be rewarded with one thousand bolts of silk." A wealthy family's son had a growth on the tip of his nose like a fist-sized stone, attached to the nasal root by a tendon-like stalk, causing urgent and painful distress. Di inserted a needle at the back of the head, and the wart fell off upon manipulation. The parents prepared dry silk to present to him, but Di ignored it and departed.
*Sheng Hui Fang* records: A child suffered from Nao Gan (Brain Caries), with incessant nasal itching, hair forming tufts, and a sallow, emaciated body. Using Gallus domestica bile (Fish Gallbladder) dropped into the nostrils brought results in a few days.
*Yi Xue Zheng Zhuan* records: A person suffered from Nao Beng Liu Zhi (Brain Collapse Discharging Fluid), with foul yellow water frequently flowing from the nose, accompanied by pain. Named Kong Nao Sha (Controlling Brain Sand), it was caused by insects eating the brain tissue. The prescription used Si Gua Teng (Luffa Vine) near the root, three to five chi long, charred until carbonized but retaining its nature. One qian was taken each time, washed down with warm wine, until cured.
Scholar Xu treated Jianzheng, who suffered from pain between the nose and forehead, or numbness and insensitivity, for several years. Suddenly, one day, the pain extended to the lips, mouth corners, Jiache acupoint, and hairline, rendering him unable to speak or eat. Scholar Xu diagnosed it as Wind-Toxin invading the Foot-Yangming Meridian, transmitting into the collaterals, causing blood stasis and obstruction. He prescribed Pai Feng Xiao Xu Ming Tang (Expelling Wind Minor Continuation Life Decoction) and Tou Sui Dan (Penetrating Marrow Pill), but they were ineffective. He then formulated Xi Jiao Sheng Ma Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Cimicifuga Decoction) and gifted it to him. After a few days, he recovered. The Foot-Yangming is the Stomach Meridian. The classics state: "The intestines and stomach are like a market." Also: "Yangming has abundant blood and qi." The Stomach accepts all flavors, just as a market contains everything. Because toxins from cooked and fermented foods accumulate in the Stomach, this formula uses Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn) as the chief herb to resolve dietary toxins. The Yangming meridian circles the lips, flanks the tongue, originates beside the nose, meets at the forehead, follows the Jiache point, ascends before the ear, passes through the Guest Master point, follows the hairline, and reaches the skull. The afflicted areas all lie on this single meridian. Therefore, Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga) is used as an assistant. Other herbs purge wind-heat. Sheng Ma and Huang Qin (Scutellaria) specifically enter the Stomach Meridian; those slightly versed in medicine will understand.
Shi Zaizhi treated Zhu Sigü, a man from Meizhou, aged thirty, who suffered from inability to eat. Upon smelling meat or fish, he vomited. He could only eat plain rice soaked in soup freshly boiled in a large cauldron. Physicians could not cure him. Shi said, "Common people do not read medical classics yet presumptuously attempt to treat others' diseases, which is lamentable. Your illness is described in the *Su Wen*: it is called Shi Gua (Food Hanging). Human lungs have six lobes, expanding and covering downward over the Spleen. When the mother and child organs (Metal and Earth) are harmonious, appetite returns. If diseased, the Lungs cannot expand, Spleen qi fails, and thus there is no desire to eat." He then prescribed a formula focusing on clearing qi and smoothing the Lungs. After three days of medication, the patient smelled meat as fragrant and found it delicious when eaten. This event was recorded in Song dynasty biographies. Jiang Huangnan stated: "I examined the writings of Qi and Huang, and found no mention of 'Shi Gua'. Perhaps the recorder fabricated it, or perhaps Master Shi exaggerated to deceive the world? Neither is certain."
Sun Dongsu treated Sun Zhongshu, a student at the Imperial Academy. In midsummer, while traveling to the Southern Capital's National University, after changing shifts one day, he requested tea. The tea flowed backward into his left nostril, with only three-tenths entering his stomach. For nearly a month, not only tea but also porridge and rice emerged from his nose. Symptoms worsened with nausea, dizziness, muscle wasting, and limb weakness. His heart grew fearful, so he returned home urgently to seek Sun's treatment. Sun asked, "What diagnosis did other physicians make? What medicines did they prescribe?" Sun Zhongshu replied, "Physicians all stated that all rebellious upward rushing belongs to Fire. Thus, their prescriptions were either Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) or herbs such as San Huang (Three Yellows), Shigao (Gypsum), Zhizi (Gardenia), Huangbai (Phellodendron), Zhimu (Anemarrhena), Tianhuafen (Trichosanthes Root), and Gegen (Pueraria)." Sun said, "Treating disease requires distinguishing meridians clearly, understanding the entry and exit, deficiency and excess of meridians, clarifying Zang-Fu manifestations, observing meridian pathways, and thoroughly investigating pathology and disease nature. This is why Bian Que adapted to customs. How could he rigidly adhere to formularies! The *Nei Jing* states: 'The throat is the pathway for water and grain. The larynx is where qi ascends and descends. The Wan Sang (hard palate/pharyngeal region) is where dispersed qi exits. Nasal discharge that cannot be controlled in cases of Bi Yuan (Nasal Sinusitis) indicates the Wan Sang is not opening.' Your symptoms are also of the type where Wan Sang is not opening. Because Wan Sang does not open, qi rushes up instead of descending. The Huiying (Epiglottis) is weak and cannot cover the airway. Since the nose connects with the airway, because it is not covered, food and drink reverse and exit through the nasal orifice. Have you not seen that when ordinary people experience sudden qi rebellion, food and drink come out via sneezing? That is the same example. Moreover, the right pulse is slow, weak, and powerless, indicating obvious Qi Deficiency. The *Nei Jing* says: 'Cold form and cold drinks injure the Lungs.' It also says: 'The Spleen and Stomach prefer warmth and dislike cold.' And again: 'Vision and hearing are bright and cool; smell and taste are distinguished by warmth.' You have taken many cooling herbs; this is why you have nausea, dizziness, and muscle wasting. The syndrome should be treated with warming and tonifying. The Lung belongs to Metal and governs Qi. When Metal Qi is vigorous, it converges and does not descend. When Qi descends, food and drink follow the airway downward." He prescribed Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Yi Yi Ren (Coix Seed), and Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood). After one dose, symptoms eased; after three doses, more than half improved; after seven doses, full recovery was achieved.
A grandson of Duke Fushun of the Ming imperial clan had a fetish for smelling lamp wick ash. Whenever he smelled it, he cried and demanded it incessantly. Li Shizhen diagnosed it as Pi (Fetish/Psychological Disorder). Using pills for killing parasites and treating fetishes, one course cured him.
Jie Yong Tang (Unblocking Decoction)
Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) (each 3 qian); Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Tian Dong (Asparagi Tuber) (each 5 qian); Zi Wan (Asteris Radix) (2 qian); Su Ye (Perillae Folium), Bai Bu (Stemonae Radix) (each 1 qian).
Decoct in water and take orally.
Xi Jiao Sheng Ma Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Cimicifuga Decoction)
Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu) (10 liang); Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (each 3 liang); Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) (each 5 qian); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian).
Take 4 qian of the above ingredients, decoct in water. Take one dose after meals and one dose before bed, totaling four doses per day.
Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) (See Eye Section)