脉法。气虚。脉细或缓而无力。右手弱。血虚。脉大或数而无力。左手弱。阳虚。脉迟
阴
虚。脉弦。真气虚。脉紧。男子久疾。气口脉弱则死。强则生。女人久病。人迎强则生。弱
则死。
夫人之正气不足曰虚。复纵嗜欲曰损。致病之因。有六焉。一曰气。二曰血。三曰精。
四曰
神。五曰胃气。六曰七情忧郁。六气委和。则各司其职。曰无病。失养违和。阴阳偏胜克剥
则诸病生焉。夫气乃肺之主。血乃肝藏之。精乃肾之主。神乃心之主。饮食乃脾胃之主。
七情则七神主之。凡应事太烦则伤神。喋谈朗诵。饥而言多则伤气。纵欲想思则伤精。久视
郁怒则伤肝。饮食劳倦则伤脾。久行伤筋。久立伤骨。久坐伤肉。此五劳七伤之属也。其有
禀赋素薄之人。又兼斫丧太早者。真阴根本受亏。肾水一亏。则火必胜。胜则克肺金。肺主
皮毛。则腠理不密。鼻不闻香臭。火炎痰升。而致咳嗽。甚致肾水枯竭。肺子能令母虚是也
金水既病。则五脏六腑皆为贼。此火乃内出之火。宜补精血。而火自退。当服五仁斑龙胶丸
培复精神之圣药也。夫鹿者。得先天气质之浓。又食灵苗之精。故曰寿牲。角乃众体之首
一身精华所聚者也。方名五仁者。黄精、参、杞之类是也。男女虚弱之病。服之以复真元
非此不能。故斑龙胶丸为血肉上品之良剂。善斡旋心肾。资填五内。益精神。充气血。滋
益于一身。兼以参、杞、门冬、鲜地骨皮等为佐。配以八物汤。如干咳嗽。痰中见血者。加
以二门冬、牡丹、知母、五叶、制柏。其却病延年之功。诚在斯矣。世俗补阴丸。以知母、
黄柏为主者但可施于壮盛人。纵欲相火之多者可矣。若虚损不足之症已成者。及五十岁外人
服之。则元阳精气。何由而生。又人辄以人参肺热还伤肺之说。将以人参为虚损人之忌物者
盖不究心于本草经耳。参本味甘微寒。善补五脏。安精神。健脾胃。生津液。况素问言虚
者治以甘温。乃万世不易之定论也。彼何期后学泥书所注肺热还伤肺之句惑焉。则可说体壮
人患内外感。并积热固结于膈。宜清凉涤导言之。若概以虚损虚火痰嗽。及气虚中满者。妄
议人参为不可用。是惑世人。陷于不寿。甚矣。
一论元气亏损。脾胃虚弱。饮食少进。或肢体肿胀。或大便不实。面瘦而黄。或胸膈虚
痞。痰嗽吞酸等症。
四君子汤
人参（二钱） 白术（一钱五分） 白茯苓（去皮二钱） 甘草（炙一钱）
上锉一剂。姜枣煎服。加陈皮。名异功散。加半夏、陈皮。名六君子汤。去茯苓。加干
姜。名理中汤。
一论心血亏损。肝脾肾血虚。发热。或晡热甚。头目不清。或烦躁不寐。胸膈作胀。或
胁作痛等症。
四物汤
当归（酒洗） 怀熟地黄（各三钱） 白芍（酒炒二钱） 川芎（一钱）
上锉一剂。水煎。温服。
一论气血虚弱。恶寒发热。烦躁作渴。或不时寒热。眩晕昏 。或大便不实。小便赤淋
或饮食少思。或小腹痛等症。宜用八物汤。又名八珍汤。即四君子汤合四物汤是也。
一论凡人元气素弱。或因起居失宜。或因用心太过。或因饮食劳倦。致遗精白浊。盗汗
自汗
或内热晡热。潮热发热。或口干作渴。喉痛舌裂。或胸乳膨胀。或胁肋作痛。或头颈时痛
或眩晕眼花。或心神不宁。寤而不寐。或小便赤淋。茎中作痛。或便溺余沥。脐腹阴冷。
或形容不充。肢体胃寒。或鼻气急促。或更有一切热症。皆是无根虚火。宜服后方。
十全大补汤
人参（二钱） 白术（一钱五分） 白茯苓（三钱） 当归（二钱） 川芎（一钱五分） 白芍（
一钱
）熟地黄（三钱） 黄 （二钱） 肉桂（五分） 麦门冬（二钱） 五味子（三分） 甘草（
炙八分）
上锉一剂。生姜、枣子。水煎。温服。
一论年老。房有少艾。致头痛发热。眩晕喘急。痰涎壅塞。小便频数。口干引饮。遍舌
生刺。缩敛如荔枝然。下唇黑裂。面目俱赤。烦躁不寐。或时喉间如烟火
上冲。急饮凉水少解。已滨于死。脉洪大而无伦。且有力。扪其身烙手。此肾经虚火游
行于
外。投以十全大补汤。加山茱、泽泻、丹皮、山药、麦门冬、五味、附子。水煎服。熟寐良
久。脉症各减三四。再与八味丸。服之而愈。
一论中气不足。肢体倦怠。口干发热。饮食无味。饮食失节。劳倦身热。脉洪大而虚。
或头
痛恶寒。自汗。或气高而喘。身热而烦。或脉微细软弱。自汗。体倦少食。或中气虚弱而不
能摄血。或饮食劳倦而患疟痢或疟痢因脾胃虚而不能愈。或元气虚弱。感冒风寒。不胜发表
宜用
此代之。或入房而后感冒。或感冒而后入房。亦用此汤。急加附子。或泻痢腹痛。急用附子
理中汤。此方能治一应诸症。误用攻击之药太过。以致元气脾胃虚损之极。病已垂殆。用之
实有起死回生之效。宜此补中益气汤（方见内伤）
一论经云。壮水之主。以制阳光。夫人之生。以肾为主。人之病。多由肾虚而致者。此
一方
天一生水之剂。无不可用。若肾虚发热作渴。小便淋闭。痰壅失音。咳嗽吐血。头目眩晕。
眼花耳聋。咽喉燥痛。口舌疮裂。齿不坚固。腰腿痿软。五脏亏损。盗汗自汗。便血诸血。
凡肝经不足之症。尤当用之。盖水能生木故也。此滋水化痰之圣药。血虚发热之神剂也。又
治肝肾精血不足。虚热不能起床。加大附子、肉桂各二两。名八味丸。又治肾阴虚弱。津液
不
降。败浊为痰。能治咳逆。又治小便不禁。收精气之虚脱。为养气滋肾。制火导水。使机关
利而脾土健实。宜此
六味地黄丸
怀生地黄（八两要真怀庆生干地黄酒洗净入砂锅内蒸黑为度如病胃弱畏滞再加生姜汁拌
匀再
蒸半晌取出用手掐断入后药同捣成饼今市卖熟地黄皆是用铁锅煮过则不可用者矣） 山茱萸
（酒
蒸剥去复选肉晒干四两） 怀山药（四两） 白茯苓（去皮三两） 牡丹皮（去土三两） 泽
泻（去毛三两）
上忌铁器。将药精制。秤为一处。入石臼内捣成饼。晒干。或微火焙干。或碓杵。或石
磨为
细末。炼熟蜜一斤。加水一碗。和为丸。如梧桐子大。晒干。用瓷器收贮。每服三钱。空心
盐汤酒任下。忌三白。肾水不能摄养脾土。多吐痰唾。姜汤下。加麦冬、五味。名八仙长
寿
丸。腰痛。加鹿茸、木瓜、续断。消渴。加五味子。诸淋沥。倍茯苓、泽泻。老人夜多小便
加益智仁。去泽泻。茯苓减半。老人下元虚冷。胞转不得小便。膨急切痛。四五日。困笃
垂危者。倍泽泻。遗精。去泽泻。虚火耳聋。加黄柏、知母、远志、石菖蒲。小儿遗尿。加
破故纸、益智仁、人参、肉桂。小儿鹤节。加鹿茸、牛膝、人参。小儿解颅头缝开解不合。
亦加人参。小儿禀赋。肾经虚热。耳内生疮。或肌肉消瘦。骨节皆露。名节疳。加鹿茸、牛
膝各一两。五味子四两。若颅解不合。牙齿不生。眼睛不黑。腿软难行。最宜此药。
一论大补元气。培填虚损之圣药也。即六味地黄丸。根据本方再加五味是也。
五子益肾养心丸
甘枸杞子（四两） 柏子仁（二两） 覆盆子（二两） 楮实子（炒二两） 沙苑蒺藜子（麸炒
二两）
上共十一味。为细末。用蜜八两。入斑龙胶先炼。次入浮小麦粉四两。芡实粉四两。水
调。亦入胶蜜同炼熟。和药。再杵千余下。为丸。如梧桐子大。每日服百丸。淡盐汤送下。
一论肾虚不能制火。六味地黄丸主之。肾非独水也。命门之火并焉。肾不虚。则水足以
制火
肾水虚。则火无所制。而热症生矣。名曰阴虚火动。河间氏所谓肾虚则热是也。令人足心
热。阴股热。腰脊痛。率是此症。老人得之为顺。少年得之为逆。乃咳血之渐也。地黄、
茱萸
味浓者也。经曰。味浓为阴中之阴。故能滋少阴。补肾水。泽泻味甘咸气寒。甘从土化。咸
从水化。寒从阴化。故能入水藏。而泻水中之火。丹皮气寒味苦辛。寒能胜热。苦能入血。
辛能生水。故能益少阴。平虚热。山药、茯苓味甘者也。甘从土化。土能防水。故用之以制
水藏之邪。且益脾胃。而培万物之母也。
一论肾虚移热于肺。咳嗽者。六味地黄丸主之。有足心热。内股热。腰痛。两尺脉虚大
者
病原于肾虚也。地黄、茱萸味浓者也。味浓为阴中之阴。故能益肾。肾者水藏。虚则水邪
归
之。故用山药、茯苓以利水邪水邪归之。则生湿热。故用泽泻、丹皮以导坎中之热。滋其阴
血。去其邪热。则精日生。而肾不虚。病根既去。咳嗽自宁矣。
一论下消者。烦渴引饮。小便如膏。六味地黄丸主之。先有消渴善饮。而后小便如膏者
名
曰下消。惧其燥热渐深。将无水矣。故用此方以救肾水。地黄、茱萸质润味浓。为阴中之阴
故可以滋少阴之肾水。丹皮、泽泻取其咸寒。能制阳光。山药、茯苓取其甘淡。能疗消渴
一论渴而未消者。用八味丸主之。此即六味地黄丸。加附子、肉桂是也。渴而未消。谓
其人
多渴。喜得茶饮。不若消渴之求饮无厌也。此为心肾不交。水不足以济火。故令液亡口干。
乃是阴无阳而不升。阳无阴而不降。水下火上。不相既济耳。故用附子、肉桂之辛热。壮其
少火。用六味丸益其真阴。真阴益则阳可降。少火壮则阴自升。故灶底加薪。枯笼蒸溽。
槁禾得雨。生意维新。惟明者知之。昧者鲜不以为迂也。
一论肾间水火既虚。小便不调者。八味丸主之。肾主水火。主二便。司开合。肾间之水
竭。
则火独治。能合而不能开。令人病小便不出。肾间之火息。则水独治。能开不能合。令人小
便不禁。是方也。以肉桂、附子之温热益其火。以地黄、茱萸濡润壮其水。火欲实。丹皮、
泽泻之咸酸者。可以收而泻之。水欲实。则茯苓、山药之甘淡者。可以制而渗之。水火既济
则开合治矣。
一论肾间水火俱虚者。八味丸主之。君子观象于坎。而知肾具水火之道焉。故曰。七节
之旁
中有小心。小心。少火也。又曰。肾有两枚。左为肾。右为命门。命门。相火也。相火即
少火
耳。夫一阳居于二阴为坎。水火并而为肾。此人生与天地相似也。今人入房甚。而阳事愈举
者。阴虚火动也。阳事先痿者。命门火衰也。真水竭则隆冬不寒。真火息则盛夏不热。故人
乐有善药饵焉。是方也。地黄、茱萸、丹皮、泽泻、山药、茯苓、六味丸也。所以益少阴肾
水。附、桂。辛热物也。所以益命门相火。水火得其养。则二肾复其天矣。
一论阴虚于下。令人呕甚者。六味丸加盐汤送下。诸阳气浮。无所根据从。故呕咳气上喘
此阴虚于
下。而令孤阳上浮耳。是方也。地黄、茱萸。质润味浓。可使滋阴。丹皮、泽泻。气味咸寒
可制阳光。山药、茯苓。味甘而淡。可使调下。
一论肾气热。则腰脊不举。骨枯而髓减。发为骨痿。宜六味丸加黄柏、知母主之。肾者
水藏
无水则火独治。故令肾热。肾主督脉督脉者。行于脊里。肾坏则督脉虚。故令腰脊不举。
骨枯
髓减者。枯涸之极也。肾主骨。故曰骨痿。是方也。地黄、茱萸。味浓而能生阴。知柏苦寒
能泻火。泽泻、丹皮。能去坎中之热。山药、茯苓。能制肾间之邪。王冰曰。壮水之主。以
制阳光。此方主之。
一论入房太甚。宗筋纵弛。发为阴痿。八味丸主之。肾。坎象也。一阳居于二阴为坎。
肾中
有命门之火焉。凡人入房甚。而阳事作强不已者。水衰而火独治也。阳事柔痿不举者。水衰
而火亦败也。丹溪曰。天非此火。不足以生万物。人非此火。不能以有生。奈之何而可以无
火乎。是方也。桂、附味浓而辛热。味浓则能入阴。辛热则能益火。故能入少阴。而益命门
之火。地黄、茱萸味浓而质润。味浓则能养阴。质润则能壮水。故能滋少阴。而壮坎中之水
火欲实。则丹皮、泽泻之酸咸。可以引而泻之。水欲实。则山药、茯苓之甘淡。可以渗而
制之。水火得其养。则肾宫不弱。命门不败。而作强之官。得其职矣。一论肾劳背难俯仰。
小便不
利。有余沥。囊湿生疮。小腹里急。小便赤黄者。六味地黄丸加黄柏、知母主之。肾者。藏
精之脏也。若人强力入房。以竭其精。积久则成肾劳。肾主精。精主封填骨
髓。肾精以入房而竭。则骨髓已枯矣。故背难俯仰。前阴者。肾之窍。肾气足则能管摄
而溲溺惟宜。肾气怯。则欲便而不利。既便而有余沥。是失开合之常度也。肾者水藏。传化
失宜。则水气留之。而生湿热。水气留之。故令囊湿生疮也。小腹里急者。此乃是真水枯。
而真火无制。真水枯。则命门之相火无所畏。真火无制。故灼膀胱小腹之筋膜。而作里急也
便赤黄。亦皆火之所为。地黄、茱萸、。味浓者也。味浓而为阴中之阴。故足以补肾间之
阴血。山药、茯苓。甘淡者也。甘能制湿。淡能渗湿。故能去肾间之阴湿。泽泻丹皮。咸寒
者
脉法。气虚，脉象细弱或缓而无力，右手脉较弱。血虚，脉象大或数而无力，左手脉较弱。阳虚，脉象迟。阴虚，脉象弦。真气虚，脉象紧。男子久病，若寸口脉弱则预后不良（死），脉强则预后良好（生）。女子久病，若人迎脉强则预后良好（生），脉弱则预后不良（死）。
人的正气不足称为“虚”，如果再放纵嗜欲则称为“损”。致病的因素有六种：一是气，二是血，三是精，四是神，五是胃气，六是七情忧郁。六气（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）调和，则各司其职，人体无病；若失于调养违背和谐，阴阳偏胜相克剥蚀，则各种疾病产生。气是肺的主宰，血由肝所藏，精是肾的主宰，神是心的主宰，饮食由脾胃所主，七情则由七神所主。凡是应对事务过于烦杂则伤神，多言朗诵且饥饿时说话过多则伤气，纵欲和思虑过度则伤精，久视和郁怒则伤肝，饮食不节和劳倦则伤脾，久行伤筋，久立伤骨，久坐伤肉，这些属于五劳七伤的范畴。那些先天禀赋薄弱的人，又兼早婚纵欲耗损，真阴根本受损，肾水一旦亏损，则相火必然亢盛，亢盛之火克制肺金，肺主皮毛，则腠理不固密，鼻子闻不到香臭，火热上炎痰液上升，导致咳嗽，甚至肾水枯竭，这是肺（子）能令母（肾）虚的道理。金水既已生病，则五脏六腑都受其害。这种火是内生的火，应当补益精血，火自然消退。应当服用五仁斑龙胶丸，这是培复精神的圣药。鹿，得先天气质浓厚，又食灵草之精华，所以被称为寿牲。鹿角是众体之首，是一身精华聚集的地方。方名“五仁”，是指黄精、人参、枸杞等类药物。男女虚弱之病，服用此方能恢复真元，非此不能做到。所以斑龙胶丸是血肉有情之品中的良剂，善于斡旋心肾，资助填补五脏，益精神，充气血，滋补全身。兼用人参、枸杞、麦门冬、鲜地骨皮等为佐使，配合八物汤。如果是干咳，痰中带血者，加入二门冬、牡丹皮、知母、五叶（可能指某种草药，原文未详述具体所指，保留原意）、制柏（黄柏）。这方子在祛病延年方面的功效，确实就在这里了。世俗所谓的补阴丸，以知母、黄柏为主药的，只适用于身体壮实之人，或者是因纵欲导致相火妄动的人。如果已经是虚损不足的病症，以及五十岁以上的人服用，那么元阳精气从哪里产生呢？另外，人们往往因为《本草》中“肺热还伤肺”的说法，将人参视为虚损病人的禁忌药物，这是因为没有深入研究《本草经》。人参本味甘微寒，善于补五脏，安精神，健脾胃，生津液。况且《素问》说“虚者治以甘温”，这是万世不易的定论。那些人为什么让后学拘泥于书本注释中“肺热还伤肺”的句子而感到困惑呢？那只能说是针对体质壮实的人患有内外感邪，并且积热固结于膈膜的情况，适宜用清凉涤导的方法来说明。如果一概认为虚损、虚火、痰嗽以及气虚中满的人，胡乱议论人参不可用，这是迷惑世人，使人陷入短寿的境地，太严重了。
第一种论述：元气亏损，脾胃虚弱，饮食减少，或者肢体肿胀，或者大便不成形，面部消瘦而发黄，或者胸膈虚痞闷，痰嗽吞酸等症状。
四君子汤
人参（二钱） 白术（一钱五分） 白茯苓（去皮二钱） 甘草（炙一钱）
以上药材锉成粗末，为一剂。加生姜、大枣煎服。加入陈皮，名为异功散。加入半夏、陈皮，名为六君子汤。去掉茯苓，加入干姜，名为理中汤。
第二种论述：心血亏损，肝脾肾血虚，发热，或者傍晚发热厉害，头目不清爽，或者烦躁失眠，胸膈胀满，或者胁肋疼痛等症状。
四物汤
当归（酒洗） 怀熟地黄（各三钱） 白芍（酒炒二钱） 川芎（一钱）
以上药材锉成粗末，为一剂。加水煎煮，温服。
第三种论述：气血虚弱，恶寒发热，烦躁口渴，或者不时寒热交替，眩晕昏花，或者大便不成形，小便赤涩淋痛，或者饮食少思，或者小腹痛等症状。宜用八物汤，又名八珍汤，即四君子汤合四物汤。
第四种论述：凡人元气素来虚弱，或者因为起居不当，或者因为用心过度，或者因为饮食劳倦，导致遗精白浊，盗汗自汗，或者内热傍晚发热，潮热发热，或者口干口渴，喉痛舌裂，或者胸乳膨胀，或者胁肋疼痛，或者头颈时常疼痛，或者眩晕眼花，或者心神不宁，醒着却睡不着，或者小便赤涩淋痛，尿道作痛，或者排尿余沥不尽，脐腹阴冷，或者形体不充实，肢体畏寒，或者鼻息急促，或者有一切热症，这些都是无根虚火，宜服用后方。
十全大补汤
人参（二钱） 白术（一钱五分） 白茯苓（三钱） 当归（二钱） 川芎（一钱五分） 白芍（一钱） 熟地黄（三钱） 黄芪（二钱） 肉桂（五分） 麦门冬（二钱） 五味子（三分） 甘草（炙八分）
以上药材锉成粗末，为一剂。加生姜、枣子，水煎，温服。
第五种论述：年老之人，房事中有年轻伴侣，导致头痛发热，眩晕喘急，痰涎壅塞，小便频数，口干想喝水，满舌生刺，收缩收敛像荔枝核一样，下唇黑裂，面目都红赤，烦躁失眠，或者有时喉间像烟火上冲，急饮凉水稍解，已经濒临死亡，脉象洪大无序，而且有力，摸其身烫手，这是肾经虚火游行于外，投以十全大补汤，加入山茱萸、泽泻、丹皮、山药、麦门冬、五味子、附子，水煎服。熟睡很久，脉症各减轻三四成，再给予八味丸，服用而痊愈。
第六种论述：中气不足，肢体倦怠，口干发热，饮食无味，饮食失节，劳倦身热，脉洪大而虚，或者头痛恶寒，自汗，或者气高而喘，身热而烦，或者脉微细软弱，自汗，体倦少食，或者中气虚弱而不能摄血，或者饮食劳倦而患疟疾痢疾，或者疟疾痢疾因为脾胃虚弱而不能愈，或者元气虚弱，感冒风寒，不胜发表（发散表邪）之法，宜用此方代替。或者入房后感冒，或者感冒后入房，也用此汤，急加附子。或者泻痢腹痛，急用附子理中汤。此方能治疗一应诸症，误用攻伐药物太过，以致元气脾胃虚损之极，病已垂危，用此方实在有起死回生之效。宜用此补中益气汤（方见内伤章节）。
第七种论述：经文说：“壮水之主，以制阳光。”人的生存，以肾为主。人的疾病，多由肾虚所致。这一方是天一生水的药剂，没有不可用的情况。如果肾虚发热口渴，小便淋闭，痰壅失音，咳嗽吐血，头目眩晕，眼花耳聋，咽喉燥痛，口舌疮裂，牙齿不坚固，腰腿痿软，五脏亏损，盗汗自汗，便血诸血，凡是肝经不足的病症，尤其应当使用。因为水能生木的缘故。这是滋水化痰的圣药，血虚发热的神剂。又治疗肝肾精血不足，虚热不能起床，加大附子、肉桂各二两，名为八味丸。又治疗肾阴虚弱，津液不降，败浊为痰，能治咳逆。又治疗小便不禁，收精气之虚脱，为养气滋肾，制火导水，使机关利而脾土健实，宜用此六味地黄丸。
怀生地黄（八两，要是真正的怀庆产干地黄，酒洗净入砂锅内蒸黑为度，如果病人胃弱怕滞，再加生姜汁拌匀再蒸半晌取出，用手掐断，入后药同捣成饼。现在市面卖的熟地黄都是用铁锅煮过的，则不可用） 山茱萸（酒蒸剥去复选肉晒干四两） 怀山药（四两） 白茯苓（去皮三两） 牡丹皮（去土三两） 泽泻（去毛三两）
以上忌用铁器，将药精制，称量为一处，入石臼内捣成饼，晒干，或者微火焙干，或者碓杵，或者石磨为细末，炼熟蜜一斤，加水一碗，和为丸，如梧桐子大，晒干，用瓷器收贮。每服三钱，空心盐汤或酒任下。忌三白（葱、蒜、韭等）。肾水不能摄养脾土，多吐痰唾，姜汤送下。加入麦冬、五味子，名为八仙长寿丸。腰痛，加鹿茸、木瓜、续断。消渴，加五味子。诸淋沥，倍用茯苓、泽泻。老人夜多小便，加益智仁，去泽泻，茯苓减半。老人下元虚冷，胞转不得小便，膨急切痛，四五日，困笃垂危者，倍用泽泻。遗精，去泽泻。虚火耳聋，加黄柏、知母、远志、石菖蒲。小儿遗尿，加破故纸、益智仁、人参、肉桂。小儿鹤膝风，加鹿茸、牛膝、人参。小儿解颅（头缝开解不合），也加人参。小儿禀赋，肾经虚热，耳内生疮，或者肌肉消瘦，骨节皆露，名节疳，加鹿茸、牛膝各一两，五味子四两。如果颅解不合，牙齿不生，眼睛不黑，腿软难行，最宜此药。
第八种论述：大补元气，培填虚损的圣药。即六味地黄丸，根据本方再加五味子是也。
五子益肾养心丸
甘枸杞子（四两） 柏子仁（二两） 覆盆子（二两） 楮实子（炒二两） 沙苑蒺藜子（麸炒二两）
以上共十一味（注：此处原文可能有误，前文列了五味，加上斑龙胶、浮小麦粉、芡实粉等共十一味），为细末，用蜜八两，入斑龙胶先炼，次入浮小麦粉四两、芡实粉四两，水调，亦入胶蜜同炼熟，和药，再杵千余下，为丸，如梧桐子大。每日服百丸，淡盐汤送下。
第九种论述：肾虚不能制火，六味地黄丸主之。肾不仅属水，命门之火并焉。肾不虚，则水足以制火；肾水虚，则火无所制，而热症生矣，名曰阴虚火动，河间氏所谓肾虚则热是也。令人足心热，阴股热，腰脊痛，率是此症。老人得之为顺，少年得之为逆，乃咳血之渐也。地黄、茱萸味浓者也。经曰：味浓为阴中之阴，故能滋少阴，补肾水。泽泻味甘咸气寒，甘从土化，咸从水化，寒从阴化，故能入水藏，而泻水中之火。丹皮气寒味苦辛，寒能胜热，苦能入血，辛能生水，故能益少阴，平虚热。山药、茯苓味甘者也，甘从土化，土能防水，故用之以制水藏之邪，且益脾胃，而培万物之母也。
第十种论述：肾虚移热于肺，咳嗽者，六味地黄丸主之。有足心热，内股热，腰痛，两尺脉虚大者，病原于肾虚也。地黄、茱萸味浓者也，味浓为阴中之阴，故能益肾。肾者水藏，虚则水邪归之，故用山药、茯苓以利水邪。水邪归之，则生湿热，故用泽泻、丹皮以导坎中之热。滋其阴血，去其邪热，则精日生，而肾不虚，病根既去，咳嗽自宁矣。
第十一种论述：下消者，烦渴引饮，小便如膏，六味地黄丸主之。先有消渴善饮，而后小便如膏者，名曰下消，惧其燥热渐深，将无水矣，故用此方以救肾水。地黄、茱萸质润味浓，为阴中之阴，故可以滋少阴之肾水。丹皮、泽泻取其咸寒，能制阳光。山药、茯苓取其甘淡，能疗消渴。
第十二种论述：渴而未消者，用八味丸主之。此即六味地黄丸，加附子、肉桂是也。渴而未消，谓其人多渴，喜得茶饮，不若消渴之求饮无厌也。此为心肾不交，水不足以济火，故令液亡口干，乃是阴无阳而不升，阳无阴而不降，水下火上，不相既济耳。故用附子、肉桂之辛热，壮其少火，用六味丸益其真阴。真阴益则阳可降，少火壮则阴自升，故灶底加薪，枯笼蒸溽，槁禾得雨，生意维新，惟明者知之，昧者鲜不以为迂也。
第十三种论述：肾间水火既虚，小便不调者，八味丸主之。肾主水火，主二便，司开合。肾间之水竭，则火独治，能合而不能开，令人病小便不出。肾间之火息，则水独治，能开不能合，令人小便不禁。是方也，以肉桂、附子之温热益其火，以地黄、茱萸濡润壮其水。火欲实，丹皮、泽泻之咸酸者，可以收而泻之。水欲实，则茯苓、山药之甘淡者，可以制而渗之。水火既济则开合治矣。
第十四种论述：肾间水火俱虚者，八味丸主之。君子观象于坎，而知肾具水火之道焉。故曰：七节之旁中有小心，小心，少火也。又曰：肾有两枚，左为肾，右为命门，命门，相火也，相火即少火耳。夫一阳居于二阴为坎，水火并而为肾，此人生与天地相似也。今人入房甚，而阳事愈举者，阴虚火动也。阳事先痿者，命门火衰也。真水竭则隆冬不寒，真火息则盛夏不热，故人乐有善药饵焉。是方也，地黄、茱萸、丹皮、泽泻、山药、茯苓，六味丸也，所以益少阴肾水。附、桂，辛热物也，所以益命门相火。水火得其养，则二肾复其天矣。
第十五种论述：阴虚于下，令人呕甚者，六味丸加盐汤送下。诸阳气浮，无所根据从，故呕咳气上喘，此阴虚于下，而令孤阳上浮耳。是方也，地黄、茱萸，质润味浓，可使滋阴。丹皮、泽泻，气味咸寒，可制阳光。山药、茯苓，味甘而淡，可使调下。
第十六种论述：肾气热，则腰脊不举，骨枯而髓减，发为骨痿，宜六味丸加黄柏、知母主之。肾者水藏，无水则火独治，故令肾热。肾主督脉，督脉者，行于脊里，肾坏则督脉虚，故令腰脊不举。骨枯髓减者，枯涸之极也。肾主骨，故曰骨痿。是方也，地黄、茱萸，味浓而能生阴。知柏苦寒能泻火。泽泻、丹皮，能去坎中之热。山药、茯苓，能制肾间之邪。王冰曰：壮水之主，以制阳光，此方主之。
第十七种论述：入房太甚，宗筋纵弛，发为阴痿，八味丸主之。肾，坎象也，一阳居于二阴为坎，肾中有命门之火焉。凡人入房甚，而阳事作强不已者，水衰而火独治也。阳事柔痿不举者，水衰而火亦败也。丹溪曰：天非此火，不足以生万物，人非此火，不能以有生，奈之何而可以无火乎。是方也，桂、附味浓而辛热，味浓则能入阴，辛热则能益火，故能入少阴，而益命门之火。地黄、茱萸味浓而质润，味浓则能养阴，质润则能壮水，故能滋少阴，而壮坎中之水。火欲实，则丹皮、泽泻之酸咸，可以引而泻之。水欲实，则山药、茯苓之甘淡，可以渗而制之。水火得其养，则肾宫不弱，命门不败，而作强之官，得其职矣。
第十八种论述：肾劳背难俯仰，小便不利，有余沥，囊湿生疮，小腹里急，小便赤黄者，六味地黄丸加黄柏、知母主之。肾者，藏精之脏也。若人强力入房，以竭其精，积久则成肾劳。肾主精，精主封填骨髓，肾精以入房而竭，则骨髓已枯矣，故背难俯仰。前阴者，肾之窍，肾气足则能管摄而溲溺惟宜，肾气怯，则欲便而不利，既便而有余沥，是失开合之常度也。肾者水藏，传化失宜，则水气留之，而生湿热，水气留之，故令囊湿生疮也。小腹里急者，此乃是真水枯，而真火无制，真水枯，则命门之相火无所畏，真火无制，故灼膀胱小腹之筋膜，而作里急也。便赤黄，亦皆火之所为。地黄、茱萸，味浓者也，味浓而为阴中之阴，故足以补肾间之阴血。山药、茯苓，甘淡者也，甘能制湿，淡能渗湿，故能去肾间之阴湿。泽泻丹皮，咸寒者
Pulse Diagnosis. Qi deficiency presents with a fine or slow pulse that is forceless, with the right hand pulse being weak. Blood deficiency presents with a large or rapid pulse that is forceless, with the left hand pulse being weak. Yang deficiency presents with a slow pulse. Yin deficiency presents with a taut (string-like) pulse. True Qi deficiency presents with a tight pulse. In men with chronic illness, a weak Cun Kou (radial artery at the wrist) pulse indicates death, while a strong pulse indicates survival. In women with chronic illness, a strong Ren Ying (carotid artery) pulse indicates survival, while a weak pulse indicates death.
When a person's upright Qi is insufficient, it is called "Xu" (Deficiency); if one indulges in desires and lusts, it is called "Sun" (Damage). The causes of disease are sixfold: first, Qi; second, Blood; third, Essence (Jing); fourth, Spirit (Shen); fifth, Stomach Qi; sixth, Seven Emotions and depression. When the Six Qi (Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) are harmonious, each performs its function, and there is no disease. If nourishment is neglected and harmony is violated, leading to Yin-Yang excess and mutual overcoming, various diseases arise. Qi is the master of the Lung; Blood is stored by the Liver; Essence is the master of the Kidney; Shen is the master of the Heart; Diet and Drink are mastered by the Spleen and Stomach; Seven Emotions are mastered by the Seven Spirits. Excessive engagement in affairs damages Shen; talking and reciting loudly while hungry damages Qi; indulgence in lust and excessive thinking damages Essence; prolonged viewing and anger damage the Liver; improper diet and fatigue damage the Spleen; prolonged walking damages sinews; prolonged standing damages bones; prolonged sitting damages flesh. These belong to the category of Five Labors and Seven Injuries. Those with inherently weak constitution who also engage in early depletion suffer from亏 (deficiency) of their True Yin root. Once Kidney Water is deficient, Fire will inevitably prevail. Prevailing Fire overcomes Lung Metal. The Lung governs skin and hair; thus, the interstices (Cou Li) become loose, the nose loses the sense of smell, Fire flares up causing phlegm to rise, leading to cough. Severe cases result in Kidney Water exhaustion; this is the principle of the Child (Lung/Metal) making the Mother (Kidney/Water) deficient. Once Metal and Water are diseased, the Five Zang and Six Fu organs become victims. This Fire is internal Fire; it should be treated by tonifying Essence and Blood, and the Fire will retreat naturally. One should take Wu Ren Ban Long Jiao Wan (Five Kernel Deer Antler Gel Pill), the holy medicine for cultivating and restoring Spirit. The deer possesses dense prenatal Qi and consumes the essence of spiritual herbs, hence called the "Longevity Beast." The antler is the head of all body parts, gathering the essence of the whole body. The name "Wu Ren" (Five Kernels) refers to herbs such as Huang Jing (Polygonatum Rhizome), Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), and Gou Qi Zi (Goji Berry). For weakness in both men and women, taking this pill restores True Yuan; nothing else can achieve this. Therefore, Ban Long Jiao Wan is a superior agent among blood-and-flesh substances, skilled at mediating between Heart and Kidney, nourishing the Five Viscera, benefiting Spirit, filling Qi and Blood, and tonifying the entire body. It is combined with Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Gou Qi Zi (Goji Berry), Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), and fresh Di Gu Pi (Cortex Lycii) as assistants, and paired with Ba Wu Tang (Eight Substance Decoction). For dry cough with blood in sputum, add Er Men Dong (Two Ophiopogons), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Wu Ye (Five Leaves - specific herb context dependent), and Zhi Bai (Prepared Phellodendron Bark). Its merit in dispelling disease and prolonging life truly lies here. Secular Yin-tonifying pills, primarily composed of Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) and Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), are only applicable to robust individuals or those with excessive Minister Fire due to lust. If applied to conditions of established deficiency and insufficiency, or to people over fifty, where would Yuan Yang and Essence come from? Furthermore, people often regard Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) as contraindicated for deficiency patients due to the statement "Lung Heat still injures the Lung," failing to investigate the Ben Cao Jing (Classic of Materia Medica). Ren Shen is sweet and slightly cold, good at tonifying the Five Zang, calming Spirit, strengthening Spleen and Stomach, and generating fluids. Moreover, Su Wen states, "Treat deficiency with sweet and warm," which is an unchanging theory for all generations. Why do later scholars confuse themselves by sticking to the annotation "Lung Heat still injures the Lung"? This statement applies only to robust individuals suffering from external/internal pathogens and accumulated heat fixed in the diaphragm, suitable for cooling and purging methods. To indiscriminately discuss Ren Shen as unusable for deficiency, deficiency fire, phlegm-cough, and Qi deficiency with middle jiao fullness confuses the world and leads people to premature death, which is grave.
First Discussion: Deficiency of Yuan Qi, weakness of Spleen and Stomach, reduced food intake, limb swelling, loose stools, emaciated and yellow face, empty stuffiness in chest and diaphragm, phlegm-cough, and acid regurgitation.
Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction)
Ren Shen (2 qian) Bai Zhu (1.5 qian) Bai Fu Ling (Peeled, 2 qian) Gan Cao (Honey-fried, 1 qian)
Chop into coarse pieces for one dose. Decoct with Ginger and Jujube. Add Chen Pi (Citrus Peel), named Yi Gong San (Extraordinary Efficacy Powder). Add Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) and Chen Pi, named Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction). Remove Fu Ling, add Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), named Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction).
Second Discussion: Deficiency of Heart Blood, Blood deficiency of Liver, Spleen, and Kidney, fever, severe afternoon fever, unclear head and eyes, irritability and insomnia, chest distension, or hypochondriac pain.
Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction)
Dang Gui (Wine-washed) Huai Shu Di Huang (Each 3 qian) Bai Shao (Wine-fried, 2 qian) Chuan Xiong (1 qian)
Chop into coarse pieces for one dose. Decoct with water, take warm.
Third Discussion: Weakness of Qi and Blood, aversion to cold and fever, irritability and thirst, intermittent chills and fever, dizziness and blurred vision, loose stools, red and painful urination, poor appetite, or lower abdominal pain. Use Ba Wu Tang (Eight Substance Decoction), also known as Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction), which is Si Jun Zi Tang combined with Si Wu Tang.
Fourth Discussion: Individuals with inherently weak Yuan Qi, due to improper daily routine, excessive mental effort, or dietary fatigue, leading to spermatorrhea and white turbidity, night sweats and spontaneous sweating, internal heat and afternoon fever, tidal fever, dry mouth and thirst, sore throat and cracked tongue, breast and chest distension, hypochondriac pain, occasional head and neck pain, dizziness and blurred vision, restless mind and inability to sleep, red and painful urination, penile pain, dribbling after urination, cold umbilicus and abdomen, lack of physical vigor, aversion to cold in limbs, rapid nasal breathing, or any other heat symptoms. These are all rootless deficiency Fire. Take the following formula.
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction)
Ren Shen (2 qian) Bai Zhu (1.5 qian) Bai Fu Ling (3 qian) Dang Gui (2 qian) Chuan Xiong (1.5 qian) Bai Shao (1 qian) Shu Di Huang (3 qian) Huang Qi (2 qian) Rou Gui (0.5 qian) Mai Dong (2 qian) Wu Wei Zi (0.3 qian) Gan Cao (Honey-fried, 0.8 qian)
Chop into coarse pieces for one dose. Decoct with Fresh Ginger and Jujube, take warm.
Fifth Discussion: An elderly person engaging in sexual activity with a young partner, resulting in headache and fever, dizziness and rapid breathing, copious phlegm and saliva, frequent urination, dry mouth desiring drink, prickles covering the tongue shrinking like a lychee pit, black cracking of the lower lip, redness of face and eyes, irritability and insomnia, sensation of smoke and fire rushing up the throat, relieved slightly by drinking cold water, near death. Pulse is surging and large without order, yet forceful. Body feels hot to touch. This is deficiency Fire of the Kidney channel wandering externally. Administer Shi Quan Da Bu Tang, adding Shan Zhu Yu (Cornus Fruit), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Shan Yao (Dioscorea Rhizome), Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root). Decoct with water. After long sound sleep, pulse and symptoms reduce by three or four tenths. Then administer Ba Wei Wan (Eight Ingredient Pill), taken until cured.
Sixth Discussion: Insufficiency of Middle Qi, limb fatigue, dry mouth and fever, tasteless food, irregular diet, fatigue-induced fever, surging but empty pulse, or headache with aversion to cold, spontaneous sweating, high-pitched breathing and panting, body heat with vexation, or faint, thin, soft pulse with spontaneous sweating, fatigue and poor appetite. Or Middle Qi weakness failing to control blood. Or malaria and dysentery caused by dietary fatigue. Or malaria/dysentery not healing due to Spleen/Stomach weakness. Or Yuan Qi weakness with wind-cold invasion, unable to tolerate dispersing methods. Use this formula as a substitute. Or sexual intercourse followed by cold invasion, or cold invasion followed by intercourse, also use this decoction, urgently adding Fu Zi. Or dysentery with abdominal pain, urgently use Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang (Aconite Regulate Middle Decoction). This formula treats all these conditions. Misuse of attacking drugs leading to extreme deficiency of Yuan Qi and Spleen/Stomach, with critical illness, using this formula truly has the effect of reviving the dying. Use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) (see Internal Injury section).
Seventh Discussion: The Canon states: "Strengthen the master of Water to control the sunlight." Human life is centered on the Kidney. Most diseases arise from Kidney deficiency. This formula is a preparation of Heaven One Generating Water, universally applicable. For Kidney deficiency with fever and thirst, difficult urination, phlegm obstruction causing aphonia, coughing blood, dizziness, blurred vision, deafness, dry and painful throat, sores and cracks in mouth and tongue, loose teeth, weak waist and legs, Five Zang deficiency, night sweats, spontaneous sweating, hematochezia and other bleeding, especially for Liver Channel insufficiency, because Water generates Wood. This is the holy medicine for nourishing Water and resolving phlegm, and the divine agent for blood deficiency fever. Also treats Liver/Kidney Essence/Blood insufficiency with deficiency fever preventing getting out of bed; add Fu Zi and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Twig) each 2 liang, named Ba Wei Wan (Eight Ingredient Pill). Also treats Kidney Yin weakness with descending failure of fluids, turning turbid into phlegm, treating cough and counterflow qi. Also treats urinary incontinence, consolidating Essence/Qi deficiency collapse, nourishing Qi and Kidney, controlling Fire and guiding Water, benefiting joints and strengthening Spleen Earth. Use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six Ingredient Rehmannia Pill).
Huai Sheng Di Huang (8 liang, genuine Huaqing dried Rehmannia, washed with wine, steamed in clay pot until black. If stomach is weak and prone to stagnation, mix with Fresh Ginger Juice, steam for half a day longer, remove, break by hand, then mix with subsequent herbs and pound into cakes. Market-shu Di Huang boiled in iron pots is unusable.) Shan Zhu Yu (Wine-steamed, peeled, dried meat 4 liang) Huai Shan Yao (4 liang) Bai Fu Ling (Peeled, 3 liang) Mu Dan Pi (De-soiled, 3 liang) Ze Xie (De-husked, 3 liang)
Avoid iron vessels. Process herbs finely, weigh together, pound in stone mortar into cakes, sun-dry, or bake lightly, or pound with pestle, or grind with stone mill into fine powder. Refine 1 jin honey, add 1 bowl water, mix into pills size of paulownia seeds, sun-dry, store in porcelain. Take 3 qian per dose, empty stomach with salt water or wine. Avoid "Three Whites" (garlic, scallion, leek). If Kidney Water fails to nourish Spleen Earth causing much phlegm/spittle, take with Ginger Tea. Add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi, named Ba Xian Chang Shou Wan (Eight Immortals Longevity Pill). For back pain, add Lu Rong (Deer Antler), Mu Gua (Chaenomeles Fruit), Xu Duan (Dipsacus Root). For Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), add Wu Wei Zi. For various stranguries, double Fu Ling and Ze Xie. For elderly with nocturia, add Yi Zhi Ren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), remove Ze Xie, halve Fu Ling. For elderly with lower origin cold and urinary retention, bloating and urgent pain, critical after 4-5 days, double Ze Xie. For spermatorrhea, remove Ze Xie. For deficiency-fire deafness, add Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Yuan Zhi (Polygala Root), Shi Chang Pu (Acorus Rhizome). For pediatric enuresis, add Po Gu Zhi (Cibotium Rhizome), Yi Zhi Ren, Ren Shen, Rou Gui. For pediatric crural deformity (鹤膝风), add Lu Rong, Niu Xi (Achyranthes Root), Ren Shen. For pediatric fontanelle opening (Jie Lu), also add Ren Shen. For pediatric constitution with Kidney deficiency heat, ear sores, muscle wasting, exposed joints, named Jie Gan, add Lu Rong, Niu Xi each 1 liang, Wu Wei Zi 4 liang. If fontanelle doesn't close, teeth don't grow, eyes aren't black, legs weak, this medicine is most suitable.
Eighth Discussion: A holy medicine for greatly tonifying Yuan Qi and filling deficiency. This is Liu Wei Di Huang Wan plus Wu Wei Zi.
Wu Zi Yi Shen Yang Xin Wan (Five Seed Kidney-Nourishing Heart-Calming Pill)
Gan Gou Qi Zi (4 liang) Bai Zi Ren (2 liang) Fu Pen Zi (2 liang) Chu Shi Zi (Stir-fried, 2 liang) Sha Yuan Ji Li Zi (Bran-fried, 2 liang)
Combine eleven ingredients (Note: Text lists five seeds, plus Ban Long Jiao, Floating Wheat Flour, Qian Shi Flour mentioned in processing), pound into fine powder. Use 8 liang honey, first refine Ban Long Jiao, then add 4 liang Floating Wheat Flour and 4 liang Qian Shi Flour (Euryale Seed), mix with water, refine together with gel and honey, mix with herbs, pound over thousand times, form pills size of paulownia seeds. Take 100 pills daily, send down with light salt water.
Ninth Discussion: Kidney deficiency failing to control Fire, treated by Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. Kidney is not just Water; it contains Ming Men Fire. If Kidney is not deficient, Water controls Fire. If Kidney Water is deficient, Fire is uncontrolled, generating heat symptoms, named Yin Deficiency Fire Hyperactivity, as described by He Jian Shi as "Kidney deficiency generates heat." Causes heat in sole of foot, inner thigh, low back and spine. Common in elderly (favorable), adverse in youth, precursor to hemoptysis. Di Huang and Zhu Yu have strong flavors. Canon says: Strong flavor is Yin within Yin, thus nourishes Shao Yin and tonifies Kidney Water. Ze Xie is sweet, salty, cold. Sweet transforms from Earth, Salty from Water, Cold from Yin, entering Water organ to drain Fire in Water. Mu Dan Pi is cold, bitter, acrid. Cold defeats heat, Bitter enters Blood, Acrid generates Water, benefiting Shao Yin and leveling deficiency heat. Shan Yao and Fu Ling are sweet. Sweet transforms from Earth, Earth controls Water, thus restraining pathogenic factors in Water organ and benefiting Spleen/Stomach, mother of all things.
Tenth Discussion: Kidney deficiency transferring heat to Lung causing cough, treated by Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. With heat in sole, inner thigh, low back, and empty-large Chi pulses, pathology originates in Kidney deficiency. Di Huang and Zhu Yu have strong flavors (Yin within Yin) to benefit Kidney. Kidney is Water organ; deficiency attracts Water pathogen. Shan Yao and Fu Ling drain Water pathogen. Water accumulation generates Damp-Heat. Ze Xie and Mu Dan Pi guide Heat from Kan (Water trigram). Nourish Yin Blood, remove pathogenic Heat, Essence generates daily, Kidney not deficient, root removed, cough calms.
Eleventh Discussion: Lower Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst),烦渴 (vexation/thirst) desiring drink, urine like paste, treated by Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. Preceded by excessive thirst/drinking, then urine like paste, named Lower Xiao Ke. Fear deepening dryness-heat leading to water exhaustion. Formula saves Kidney Water. Di Huang and Zhu Yu are moist and strongly flavored (Yin within Yin) to nourish Shao Yin Kidney Water. Mu Dan Pi and Ze Xie are salty-cold to control sunlight. Shan Yao and Fu Ling are sweet-bland to treat Xiao Ke.
Twelfth Discussion: Thirst without wasting, treated by Ba Wei Wan. This is Liu Wei Di Huang Wan plus Fu Zi and Rou Gui. Thirst without wasting means patient drinks tea/water frequently, unlike Xiao Ke's insatiable desire. Heart-Kidney non-interaction, Water insufficient to assist Fire, fluid loss dry mouth. Yin cannot ascend without Yang, Yang cannot descend without Yin. Water below, Fire above, not interacting. Fu Zi and Rou Gui (pungent-hot) strengthen Shao Fire. Liu Wei Wan benefits True Yin. True Yin benefits allows Yang descent; Shao Fire strengthens allows Yin ascent. Like adding fuel to stove, steaming dry cage, rain on withered grain, renewing life. Only the wise understand; the ignorant think it absurd.
Thirteenth Discussion: Kidney interior Water/Fire both deficient, irregular urination, treated by Ba Wei Wan. Kidney governs Water/Fire, two excretions, opening/closing. Kidney Water exhausted, Fire rules alone, closing but not opening, causing urinary retention. Kidney Fire extinguished, Water rules alone, opening but not closing, causing urinary incontinence. Formula uses Rou Gui/Fu Zi (warm-hot) to benefit Fire; Di Huang/Zhu Yu (moist) to benefit Water. If Fire needs solidifying, Mu Dan Pi/Ze Xie (salty-acid) gather and drain. If Water needs solidifying, Fu Ling/Shan Yao (sweet-bland) restrain and渗 (percolate). Water/Fire interaction regulates opening/closing.
Fourteenth Discussion: Kidney interior Water/Fire both deficient, treated by Ba Wei Wan. Observing Kan trigram, knowing Kidney contains Water/Fire. "Beside seven vertebrae lies the Small Heart (Shao Huo)." Two Kidneys: Left is Kidney, Right is Ming Men (Xiang Huo / Minister Fire = Shao Huo). One Yang between two Yins is Kan; Water/Fire combine as Kidney, mirroring Heaven/Earth. Excessive sex with persistent erection indicates Yin deficiency Fire hyperactivity. Impotence indicates Ming Men Fire decline. True Water exhaustion means winter not cold; True Fire extinction means summer not hot. People rejoice in good medicines. Formula: Liu Wei Wan (Di Huang, Zhu Yu, Mu Dan Pi, Ze Xie, Shan Yao, Fu Ling) benefits Shao Yin Kidney Water. Fu/Gui (pungent-hot) benefit Ming Men Minister Fire. Nourished Water/Fire restores Kidneys to natural state.
Fifteenth Discussion: Yin deficiency below causing severe vomiting, Liu Wei Wan with salt water. Yang Qi floating without root causes vomiting/cough/panting. Yin deficiency below causes lone Yang floating up. Formula: Di Huang/Zhu Yu (moist/strong flavor) nourish Yin. Mu Dan Pi/Ze Xie (salty-cold) control sunlight. Shan Yao/Fu Ling (sweet-bland) regulate downward.
Sixteenth Discussion: Kidney Qi heat causing inability to raise waist/spine, bone withering and marrow reduction, developing Gu Wei (Bone Flaccidity), treated by Liu Wei Wan plus Huang Bo and Zhi Mu. Kidney is Water organ; no Water means Fire rules alone, causing Kidney heat. Kidney governs Du Mai (Governor Vessel) running in spine. Kidney damage makes Du Mai weak, causing inability to raise waist/spine. Bone withering/marrow reduction is extreme dehydration. Kidney governs bone, hence Gu Wei. Formula: Di Huang/Zhu Yu (strong flavor) generate Yin. Zhi/Bai (bitter-cold) drain Fire. Ze Xie/Mu Dan Pi remove Kan heat. Shan Yao/Fu Ling restrain Kidney interior pathogens. Wang Bing said: "Strengthen master of Water to control sunlight," this formula applies.
Seventeenth Discussion: Excessive sex causing tendon relaxation and impotence, treated by Ba Wei Wan. Kidney is Kan trigram, one Yang between two Yins, containing Ming Men Fire. Persistent erection after sex indicates Water decline, Fire ruling alone. Flaccid impotence indicates Water decline, Fire also failing. Dan Xi said: Heaven needs this Fire to generate all things; humans need it to live. How can we do without Fire? Formula: Gui/Fu (strong/pungent-hot) enter Yin, benefit Fire, enter Shao Yin, benefit Ming Men Fire. Di Huang/Zhu Yu (strong/moist) nourish Yin, strengthen Water, nourish Shao Yin, strengthen Kan Water/Fire. If Fire needs solidifying, Mu Dan Pi/Ze Xie (sour/salty) guide and drain. If Water needs solidifying, Shan Yao/Fu Ling (sweet/bland) percolate and restrain. Nourished Water/Fire keeps Kidney palace strong, Ming Men intact, official of strength functions properly.
Eighteenth Discussion: Kidney labor causing difficulty bending/straightening back, difficult urination, dribbling, damp scrotum with sores, lower abdominal urgency, red/yellow urine, treated by Liu Wei Di Huang Wan plus Huang Bo and Zhi Mu. Kidney stores Essence. Forced sex depletes Essence, accumulating into Kidney Labor. Kidney governs Essence, Essence fills bone/marrow. Depleted Essence means withered marrow, causing back stiffness. External genitalia are Kidney orifice. Sufficient Kidney Qi controls urination appropriately. Weak Kidney Qi causes difficult urination and dribbling, losing normal opening/closing. Kidney is Water organ; improper transformation retains Water, generating Damp-Heat, causing damp scrotum sores. Lower abdominal urgency is True Water exhaustion, True Fire uncontrolled. Uncontrolled Ming Men Fire burns bladder/lower abdominal fascia causing urgency. Red/yellow urine caused by Fire. Di Huang/Zhu Yu (strong flavor/Yin within Yin) tonify Kidney Yin/Blood. Shan Yao/Fu Ling (sweet/bland) control/percolate Dampness, removing Kidney Dampness. Ze Xie/Mu Dan Pi (salty-cold)